LB 


IC-NRLF 


SB    20    blS 


Maryland 
Public  School  Laws 


1918 


GIFT   OF 


BALTIMORE  CITY 

PRINTING  AND  BINDINd 

COMPANY 


THE 

PUBLIC  SCHOOL  LAWS 

OF  MARYLAND  .  »-•»»«.  **•* 


As  Contained  in  Code  of  Public  General  Laws  of   1912  and 
the  Acts  of  Assembly  of  1912,  1914,  1916,  and  1918 

Published  Jum  1918  by   The  State  Board  of  Education  , 

McCoy  Hall,   Baltimore. 
M.   BATES  STEPHENS,  State  Superintendent  of  Schools 


NOTE. — The  arrangement  and  numbering  of  the  chapters  and  sections 
in  this  pamphlet  are  made  to  correspond  with  that  of  the  Code  of  Public 
General  Laws  of  1912.  Sections  of  the  Acts  of  Assembly  of  1912,  1914, 
1916,  and  1918  are  arranged  consecutively  with  the  sections  of  the  Code. 
The  reference  of  most  recent  enactment  only  is  given  and  will  be  found 
preceding  each  section.  References  to  court  decisions  follow  the  section. 
Full  references  can  be  found  in  the  Code. 

•Chapter  506  of  the  Acts  of  1916  is  practically  a  complete  revision  of 
Article  77  of  the  Code.  Sections  which  were  not  changed  by  this  act  are 
marked  with  an  asterisk. 

The  revised  By-laws  of  the  State  Board  of  Education,  adopted  June  6, 
1918,  under  the  authority  of  section  11  of  this  article  have  been  printed  In 
smaller  type  immediately  following  the  sections  to  which  they  apply. 


THE  PUBLIC  SCHOOL  LAWS 

OF  MARYLAND 

AS    CONTAINED    IN    THE    MARYLAND    CODE    OF    PUBLIC    GEN 

ERAL  LAWS  OF  1912,  AND  SUBSEQUENT 

AMENDMENTS. 


PASSED  AT  THE  JANUARY  SESSION,  1872,  AMENDED  AT  THE 
JANUARY  SESSION,  1874,  1884,  1886,  1888,  1890,  1892,  1894,  1896, 
1898,  1900,  1902,  1904,  1906,  1908,  1910,  1912,  1914,  1916,  and  1918. 


CONSTITUTION  OF  1867 

ARTICLE    VIII. 

EDUCATION. 

*  Section  1.     The    General  Assembly,   at  its  first  session  after 
the  adoption  of  this  constitution,  shall  by  law  establish  through- 
out the   State  a  thorough  and  efficient  system  of  free  public 
schools ;  and  shall  provide  by  taxation,  or  otherwise,  for  their 
maintenance. 

Clark  vs.  Md.  Institute,  87  Md.  661. 

*  Section  2.     The  system  of  public  schools,  as  now  constituted, 
shall  remain  in  force  until  the  end  of  the  said  first  session  of  the 
General  Assembly,  and  shall  then  expire,  except  so  far  as  adopted 
or  continued  by  the  General  Assembly. 

*  Section  3.     The  school  fund  of  the  State  shall  be  kept  invio- 
late, and  appropriated  only  to  the  purposes  of  education. 

ARTICLE    LXXVII. 

(CODE  OP  1912.) 
PUBLIC  EDUCATION. 

1872,  ch.  377. 

*  1.     There  shall  be  throughout  the  State  of  Maryland  a  general 
system  of  free  public  schools,  according  to  provisions  of  this 
article. 

St.  Mary's  Industrial  School  vs.  Brown,  45  Md.,  311. 


*Not  changed  by  Acts  of  1916. 


6  PUBLIC    SCHOOL    LAWS 

CHAPTER  1 — Control  and  Supervision. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

2.  Educational  matters  affecting  the  State  and  the  general 
care  and  supervision  of  public  education  shall  be  entrusted  to  a 
State  Department  of  Education,  at  the  head  of  which  shall  be  a 
State  Board  of  Education. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

3.  Educational  matters  affecting  a  county  shall  be  under  the 
control  o£  a  county  board  of  education. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

4.  Educational   matters   affecting   a   school   district   shall  be 
under  the  care  of  a  district  board  of  school  trustees. 

CHAPTER  2— Formation  of  Boards. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

5.  -The  State  Board  of  Education  shall  be  composed  of  seven 
members,  who  shall  be  appointed  from  the  citizens  of  the  State 
by  the  Governor  for  a  term  of  seven  years,  from  the  first  Monday 
in  May  next  succeeding  their  appointment,  and  they  shall  hold 
office  until  their  successors  qualify.     Provided  that  the  terms  of 
office  of  persons  who  are  members  of  the  board,  at  the  time  of  the 
passage  of  this  Act,  shall  not  be  affected  by  its  provisions ;  and 
provided  further,  in  order  that  the  length  of  term  of  the  first 
seven  regular  appointments  under  this  section  shall  be  so  desig- 
nated by  the  Governor  that  there  shall  thereafter  be  one  regular 
vacancy  and  one  regular  appointment  each  year,  the  Governor 
shall  appoint  in  the  first  instance  only  three  members,  one  of 
whom  he  shall  designate  to  hold  office  for  a  term  of  seven  years, 
one  for  a  term  of  six  years,  and  one  for  a  term  of  five  years,  from 
the  first  Monday  in  May,  1918 ;  before  the  first  Monday  in  May, 
1920,  he  shall  appoint  two  members  for  a  term  of  six  and  seven 
years,  respectively,  from  the  first  Monday  in  May,  1920;  and 
before  the  first  Monday  in  May,  1922,  he  shall  appoint  two  mem- 
bers to  serve  six  and  seven  years,  respectively,  from  the  first 
Monday  in  May,   1922.     Thereafter  the  term  of  each  member 
appointed  to  the  board  shall  be  seven  years.     The  members  of 


OF  MARYLAND.  7 

the  board  shall  be  appointed  solely  because  of  their  character  and 
fitness,  but  no  person  shall  be  appointed  to  the  board  who  is  in 
any  way  subject  to  its  authority,  and  the  Governor  and  the  State 
Superintendent  of  Schools  shall  not  be  members  of  this  board 
after  the  first  Monday  of  May,  1918.  The  Governor  may  remove 
any  member  of  the  board  appointed  under  the  provisions  of  this 
section  for  immorality,  misconduct  in  office,  incompetency,  or 
wilful  neglect  of  duty,  giving  to  him  a  copy  of  the  charges  against 
him  and  an  opportunity  of  being  publicly  heard  in  person  or  by 
counsel,  in  his  own  defense,  upon  not  less  than  ten  days'  notice. 
If  any  member  shall  be  removed  the  Governor  shall  file  in  the 
office  of  the  Secretary  of  State  a  complete  statement  of  all  charges 
made  against  such  member,  and  his  findings  thereon,  together 
with  a  complete  record  of  the  proceedings.  Vacancies  on  the 
board  for  any  cause,  shall  be  filled  by  the  Governor,  for  the 
unexpired  term,  and  until  a  successor  shall  qualify.  Any  member 
of  the  board  shall  be  eligible  for  reappointment  unless  otherwise 
'disqualified  by  the  provisions  of  this  section. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

6.  County*  boards  of  education  shall  be  composed  in  the 
counties  of  Baltimore,  Carroll,  Frederick,  Dorchester,  Wash- 
ington, and  Montgomery  of  six  members,  and  in  each  of  the  other 
counties  of  three  members,  who  shall  be  appointed  from  the 
citizens  of  the  county  by  the  Governor  for  a  term  of  six  years 
from  the  first  Monday  of  May  next  succeeding  their  appointment, 
and  they  shall  hold  office  until  their  successors  qualify.  Provided 
that  the  terms  of  office  of  persons  who  are  members  of  the  county 
boards  at  the  time  when  this  Act  shall  take  effect  shall  not  be 
affected  by  its  provisions ;  and  provided  further  in  order  that  the 
length  of  the  first  six  regular  appointments  under  this  section  in 
the  counties  of  Baltimore,  Carroll,  Frederick,  Dorchester,  Wash- 
ington, and  Montgomery,  and  the  first  three  regular  appointments 
in  the  other  counties  shall  be  so  designated  by  the  Governor  that 
there  shall  thereafter  be  one  regular  vacancy  and  one  regular 
appointment  each  year  in  the  counties  of  Baltimore,  Carroll,  Fred- 
erick, Dorchester,  Washington,  and  Montgomery,  and  one  regular 
vacancy  and  one  regular  appointment  every  two  years  in  each  of 
the  other  counties,  the  Governor  shall  appoint  in  the  first  instance 


8  PUBLIC    SCHOOL   LAWS 

only  two  members  in  the  counties  of  Baltimore,  Carroll,  Fred- 
erick, Dorchester,  Washington,  and  Montgomery,  one  of  whom 
he  shall  designate  to  hold  office  for  the  term  of  six  years,  and  the 
other  for  the  term  of  five  years,  from  the  first  Monday  in  May, 
1918 ;  and  in  each  of  the  other  counties  he  shall  appoint  in  the  first 
instance  only  one  member  to  hold  office  for  the  term  of  six  years, 
from  the  first  Monday  in  May,  1918 ;  before  the  first  Monday  in 
May,  1920,  he  shall  appoint  two  members  in  the  counties  of  Balti- 
more, Carroll,  Frederick,  Dorchester,  Washington,  and  Mont- 
gomery for  a  term  of  five  and  six  years,  respectively,  and  one 
member  in  each  of  the  other  counties  for  a  term  of  six  years, 
from  the  first  Monday  in  May,  1920.  And  before  the  first  Mon- 
day in  May,  1922,  he  shall  appoint  two  members  in  the  counties 
of  Baltimore,  Carroll,  Frederick,  Dorchester,  Washington,  and 
Montgomery,  for  a  term  of  five  and  six  years,  respectively,  and 
one  member  in  each  of  the  other  counties  for  a  term  of  six  years, 
from  the  first  Monday  in  May,  1922.  Thereafter,  the  term  of. 
each  member  appointed  to  the  board  for  each  county  shall  be 
six  years.  The  members  of  the  boards  shall  be  appointed  solely 
because  of  their  character  and  fitness,  but  no  person  shall  be 
appointed  to  a  board  who  is  in  any  way  subject  to  its  authority. 
The  State  Superintendent  of  Schools,  by  and  with  the  approval 
of  the  Governor,  may  remove  any  member  of  a  board  appointed 
under  the  provisions  of  this  section  for  immorality,  misconduct 
in  office,  incompetency  or  wilful  neglect  of  duty,  giving  to  him 
a  copy  of  the  charges  against  him,  and  an  opportunity  of  being 
publicly  heard  in  person  or  by  counsel,  in  his  own  defense,  upon 
not  less  than  ten  days'  notice.  If  any  member  of  a  county  board 
shall  be  removed,  the  State  Superintendent  of  Schools  shall  file 
in  the  office  of  the  Clerk  of  the  Circuit  Court  for  the  county  for 
which  the  member  rwas  appointed,  if  the  member  so  requests,  a 
complete  statement  of  all  charges  made  against  such  member, 
and  his  findings  thereon,  together  with  a  complete  record  of  the 
proceedings.  Vacancies  on  any  of  the  county  boards  for  any 
cause  shall  be  filled  by  the  Governor  for  the  unexpired  term,  and 
until  a  successor  shall  qualify.  Any  member  of  a  county  board 
shall  be  eligible  for  reappointment,  unless  otherwise  disqualified 
by  the  provisions  of  this  section. 


OF  MARYLAND.  9 

1916,  ch.  506. 

7.  District  boards  of  school  trustees  shall  each  be  composed 
of  three  members,  appointed  from  the  residents  of  the  school 
district  by  the  county  boards  of  education  on  or  before  the  third 
Tuesday  in  May,  for  a  term  of  three  years  from  the  third  Satur- 
day in  May  next  succeeding  their  appointment,  and  they  shall 
hold  office  until  their  successors  qualify.    Provided  that  in  the 
first  instance  the  county  boards  of  education  shall  each  appoint 
one  member  for  the  term  of  one  year,  one  member  for  the  term 
of  two  years,  and  one  member  for  the  term  of  three  years,  from 
the  third  Saturday  in  May,  1917.     Thereafter  the  term  of  each 
member  appointed  to  the  boards  shall.be  three  years.    The  mem- 
bers of  the  boards  shall  be  appointed  solely  because  of  their  char- 
acter and  fitness.    A  county  board  of  education  may  remove  any 
member  of  a  district  board  of  trustees  of  the  same  county  for 
immorality,  misconduct  in  office,  incompetency  or  wilful  neglect 
of  duty,  giving  to  him  a  copy  of  the  charges  against  him,  and  an 
opportunity  of  being  publicly  heard,  in  person,  or  by  counsel, 
in  his  own  defense,  upon  not  less  than  ten  days'  notice.    Vacan- 
cies on  the  boards  shall  be  filled  by  the  county  boards  of  educa- 
tion for  the  unexpired  term  and  until  a  successor  shall  qualify. 
Any  member  of  a  board  appointed  under  the  provisions  of  this 
section  shall  be  eligible  for  reappointment  unless  otherwise  dis- 
qualified by  the  provisions  of  this  section.     If  the  county  board 
of  education  shall  find  it  impossible  in  any  school  district  to 
secure  the  required  number  of  competent  persons  who  will  serve 
as  members  of  the  district  board  of  school  trustees,  the  duties  of 
the  board  for  the  particular  school  district  shall  devolve  upon  the 
county  board  of  education. 

By-law  1. 

District  school  trustees  shall  not  be  required  to  take  an  oath  of  office. 

In  case  of  neglect  of  duty,  or  refusal  to  act,  on  the  part  of  the  members  of  the 
district  board  of  school  trustees,  or  any  of  them,  their  places  shall  be  declared 
vacant  by  the  County  Board  of  Education,  who  shall  proceed  immediately  to  fill 
the  same. 

CHAPTER  3— The  State  Board  of  Education. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

8.  The  State  Board  of  Education  shall  hold  its  annual  meeting 
each  year  at  the  office  of  the  State  Department  of  Education,  on 
the  last  Wednesday  in  May.     At  this  meeting  the  board  shall 
each  year  elect  one  of  its  members  to  serve  as  president,  and  one 


10  PUBLIC    SCHOOL    LAWS 

to  serve  as  vice-president.  Other  regular  meetings  shall  be  held 
on  the  last  Wednesday  of  August,  November,  and  February,  and 
such  special  meetings  may  be  held  as  the  duties  and  business  of 
the  board  may  require. 

By-law  2. 

The  location  of  the  offices  of  the  State  Board  of  Education  and  of  the  State 
Department  of  Education  shall  be  in  McCoy  Hall,  Baltimore,  until  by  action  of  the 
Board  the  same  shall  be  changed. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

10.  The  members  of  the  State  Board  of  Education  shall  receive 
no  salary,  but  their  actual  traveling  and  other  necessary  expenses 
incurred  in  attending  the  meetings  and  transacting  the  business 
of  the  board  shall  be  paid.    The  State  Superintendent  of  Schools 
shall  be  the  chief  executive,  the  secretary  and  treasurer  of  the 
State  Board  of  Education.     He  shall  attend  all  meetings  of  the 
board  and  of  its  committees,  except  when  his  own  tenure,  salary, 
or  the  administration  of  his  office  are  under  consideration,  and 
shall  have  the  right  to  advise  on  any  question  under  considera- 
tion, but  shall  have  no  right  to  vote. 

By-law  3. 

The  Treasurer  of  the  State  Board  of  Education  shall  receive  and  hold  all  moneys 
to  which  it  is  entitled  by  law,  and  which  may  come  into  its  possession.  He  shall 
deposit  such  public  moneys  received  by  him  in  the  name  of  the  State  Board  of  Ed- 
ucation in  such  incorporated  bank  or  banks  as  the  Board  shall  direct.  He  shall 
pay  out  all  moneys  by  check,  and  no  bills  shall  be  paid  until  approved  by  the 
Board  and  ordered  to  be  paid,  except  such  fixed  salaries  and  wages  as  shall  be 
actually  due.  When  the  money  is  in  hand,  these  salaries  and  wages  shall  be  paid  at 
the  end  of  each  month.  The  Treasurer  shall  keep  accurate  accounts  of  all  moneys 
received  and  disbursed  by  him  and  shall  preserve  the  same  and  all  vouchers  re- 
lating thereto,  and  shall  deliver  all  such  accounts  and  vouchers  to  his  successor 
in  office  ;  and  the  same  shall  be  open,  at  all  times,  to  inspection  by  members  of  the 
Board  or  any  other  persons  directly  interested  therein. 

The  Treasurer  shall  indicate  in  his  account  books  the  particular  source  from 
which  each  item  of  income  is  received,  and  shall  keep  separate  accounts  of  the 
several  funds  of  which  he  shall  have  the  custody;  and  no  money  belonging  to  one 
fund  shall  be  applied  to  any  other  purpose  than  the  one  for  which  it  was  ap- 
propriated, without  an  order  from  the  Board.  He  shall  record  the  purpose  of  each 
disbursement,  and  the  vouchers  for  all  disbursements  shall  likewise  show  the  pur- 
pose of  each  disbursement  separately.  He  shall  have  the  accounts  of  the  Board 
at  each  bank  where  any  of  its  moneys  may  be  deposited  balanced  at  least  once  in 
every  three  months,  and  one  of  such  balances  shall  be  made  at  each  of  said  banks 
on  the  31st  day  of  July  in  every  year.  The  bank  books  and  all  vouchers  and  ac- 
count books  shall  be  submitted  to  the  Board  at  the  end  of  each  fiscal  year  and  at 
other  times  when  requested.  He  shall  give  bond  to  the  State  Board  of  Education 
for  the  faithful  and  honest  discharge  of  his  duties  as  treasurer  in  the  sum  of  ten 
thousand  dollars. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

11.  The  State  Board  of  Education  shall,  to  the  best  of  their 
ability,   cause  the  provisions   of  this  article  to  be   carried  into 
effect.     They  shall  determine  the  educational  policies  of  the  State ; 
they  shall   enact  by-laws   for  the  administration  of  the   public 
school  system,  which  when  enacted  and  published  shall  have  the 


OF  MARYLAND.  H 

force  of  law.  For  the  purpose  of  enforcing  the  provisions  of  this 
article,  and  the  enacted  and  published  by-laws  of  the  board,  the 
State  Board  of  Education  shall,  if  necessary,  institute  legal  pro- 
ceedings. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

12.  The  State  Board  of  Education  shall  exercise,  through  the 
State  Superintendent  of  Schools  and  his  professional  assistants, 
general  control  and  supervision  over  tfre  public  schools  and  edu- 
cational interests  of  the  State;  they  shall  consult  with  and 
advise,  through  their  executive  officer  and  his  professional  assist- 
ants, county  boards  of  education,  boards  of  district  school  trus- 
tees, county  superintendents,  supervisors,  attendance  officers, 
principals,  teachers,  and  interested  citizens,  and  shall  seek  in 
every  way  to  direct  and  develop  public  sentiment  in  support  of 
public  education. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

12A.  The  State  Board  of  Education  shall  prescribe,  with  and 
on  the  advice  of  the  State  Superintendent  of  Schools,  rules  and 
regulations  for  the  hygienic,  sanitary,  and  protective  construction 
of  school  buildings  and  outhouses. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

12B.  The  State  Board  of  Education  shall  prescribe,  with  and 
on  the  advice  of  the  State  Superintendent  of  Schools,  rules  and 
regulations  for  grading  and  standardizing  all  public  schools. 
They  may  limit,  on  the  basis  of  the  equipment  and  number  of 
teachers  employed,  the  years  and  grades  of  instruction  offered  in 
any  public  school.  They  shall  prescribe  the  minimum  require- 
ments for  issuing  all  certificates,  diplomas,  and  academic,  col- 
legiate, professional,  or  university  degrees.  No  public  school 
sli nil  be  officially  titled  a  "high  school"  without  the  consent  and 
approval  of  the  State  Board  of  Education;  nor  shall  any  public 
or  private  educational  institution  issue  any  certificate,  diploma,  or 
academic,  collegiate,  professional,  or  university  degree  without 
having  first  obtained  the  assent  of  the  State  Board  of  Education 
and  approval  of  said  board  of  the  conditions  of  entrance,  scholar- 
ship, and  residence  upon  which  said  certificate,  diploma,  or  degree 
is  issued. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

120.     The  State  Board  of  Education  shall  prescribe,  with  and 


12  PUBLIC    SCHOOL    LAWS 

on  the  advice  of  the  State  Superintendent  of  Schools,  courses  of 
study  for  the  public  elementary  schools,  the  public  high  schools, 
and  the  state  normal  schools,  which  shall  be  printed  in  such 
quantities  as  to  provide  each  public  school  official  and  teacher 
with  a  copy,  and  sufficient  for  general  distribution  among  the 
private  schools  and  interested  citizens  of  the  State. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

12D.  The  State  Board  of  Education  shall  prescribe,  with  and 
on  the  advice  of  the  State  Superintendent  of  Schools,  rules  and 
regulations,  also  the  subjects  and  the  standards,  subject  to  the 
provisions  of  sections  53,  54,  and  55  of  this  article,  for  the  certi- 
fication of  all  the  teachers  of  the  State,  and  for  the  acceptance 
of  the  diplomas  of  the  normal  schools,  colleges,  and  universities 
of  Maryland,  as  well  as  of  other  States. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

12E.  The  members  of  the  State  Board  of  Education  and  the 
State  Superintendent  of  Schools  shall  be  the  trustees  of  the  state 
normal  schools,  and  shall  have  power  to  maintain  and  shall  exer- 
cise general  control  over  these  schools. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

12F.  The  State  Board  of  Education  shall  prescribe,  with  and 
on  the  advice  of  the  State  Superintendent  of  Schools,  the  rules 
and  regulations  for  taking  a  biennial  school  census  of  all  children 
within  the  State  between  six  and  eighteen  years  of  age,  inclusive ; 
also  the  forms  and  blanks  to  be  employed  in  taking  such  census 
and  in  compiling  the  reports  thereon. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

13.  The  State  Board  of  Education  shall  prescribe,  with  and  on 
the  advice  of  the  State  Superintendent  of  Schools,  a  uniform  series 
of  forms  or  blanks  for  the  use  of  county  boards  of  education, 
school  officials,  and  teachers,  and  shall  require  all  financial  ac- 
counts, including  the  annual  budget  and  all  educational  records, 
to  be*  kept  and  all  reports  to  be  made  according  to  these  forms 
or  blanks. 

1912,  ch.  169. 

*  15A.  The  State  Board  of  Education  may,  in  its  discretion,  pre- 
pare and  publish  annually  a  list  of  approved  colleges  and  universi- 
ties and  determine,  by  by-laws,  the  standards  for  said  approval. 


OF  MARYLAND.  13 

By-law  4. 

The  State  Superintendent  of  Schools  shall  publish  annually  a  list  of  the  stand- 
ard  colleges  and  universities  in  the  State,  based  on  the  definition  of  a  standard 
college  adopted  by  the  Carnegie  Foundation  for  the  Advancement  of  Teaching,  such 
list  having  first  been  approved  by  the  State  Board  of  Education. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

17.  The  State  Board  of  Education  shall  require,  with  and  on  the 
advice  of  the  State  Superintendent  of  Schools,  all  private  educa- 
tional associations,  corporations,  or  institutions  to  report  annu- 
ally, on  or  before  the  thirty-first  day  of  August,  as  to  enrollment 
and  courses  pf  study  on  such  forms  as  the  State  Board  of  Edu- 
cation may  provide. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

17 A.  The  State  Board  of  Education  shall  conduct,  with  and  on 
the  advice  of  the  State  Superintendent  of  Schools,  investigations 
relating  to  the  educational  needs  of  the  State  and  the  means  of 
improving  educational  conditions;  they  may  employ  additional 
expert  assistance  for  such  investigations  if  needed,  and  appoint, 
special  agents  for  special  investigations  of  special  work. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

17B.  The  State  Board  of  Education  shall  transmit  biennially 
to  the  Governor,  certified  to  by  the  State  Superintendent  of 
Schools,  an  annual  state  public  school  budget  as  determined  by 
existing  laws,  including  the  appropriation  for  the  State  Depart- 
ment of  Education,  the  maintenance  of  the  state  normal  schools, 
the  retired  teachers'  pensions,  state  aid  to  approved  high  schools, 
state  aid  to  approved  colored  industrial  schools,  the  part  payment 
of  the  salaries  of  county  superintendents  of  schools,  and  of  one 
supervisor  and  one  attendance  officer  in  each  of  the  counties  and 
the  superintendent,  one  supervisor  and  one  attendance  officer  in 
the  city  of  Baltimore,  the  free  text  book  fund,  materials  of 
instruction  and  school  supplies,  and  such  other  appropriations  for 
special  educational  purposes  as  may  from  time  to  time  be  made 
by  the  General  Assembly,  and  an  estimate  of  the  amount  that  will 
remain,  after  all  deductions  for  special  purposes  and  activities, 
for  apportionment  to  the  counties  and  the  city  of  Baltimore.  It 
shall  also  be  the  duty  of  the  State  Board  of  Education,  on  and 
with  the  advice  of  the  State  Superintendent  of  Schools,  to  pre- 
pare, from  time  to  time,  as  it  may  be  deemed  wise,  bills,  and  to 
recommend  the  same  to  the  Governor  and  the  General  Assembly, 


14  PUBLIC    SCHOOL    LAWS 

providing  for  changes  in  the  appropriation  for  special  educational 
purposes  and  activities  and  in  the  total  amount  raised  and  con- 
tributed by  the  State  for  the  encouragement  and  support  of  public 
education. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

170.  The  State  Board  of  Education  shall  submit  each  year,  on 
or  before  the  first  day  of  January,  to  the  Governor  an  annual 
report  covering  all  operations  of  the  State  Department  of  Educa- 
tion and  the  support,  conditions,  progress,  and  needs  of  education 
throughout  the  State.  Such  annual  report  shall  be  printed  in 
sufficient  quantities  for  general  distribution  throughout  the  State. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

17D.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  State  Board  of  Education  to 
consider  the  educational  needs  of  the  State,  and  on  and  with  the 
advice  of  the  State  Superintendent  of  Schools,  to  recommend  to 
the  Governor  and  to  the  General  Assembly,  such  additional  legis- 
lation, or  changes  in  existing  legislation,  as  may  be  deemed  desir- 
able. Such  recommendations  shall  be  in  the  form  of  prepared 
bills  and  shall  be  laid  before  the  Governor  and  the  General  Assem- 
bly. The  State  Board  of  Education  and  the  State  Superintendent 
pf  Schools  shall  be  given  a  hearing  on  the  same  by  the  committees 
of  the  Senate  and  the  House  of  Delegates,  to  which  such  bills  are 
referred,  if  this  is  requested. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

17E.  The  State  Board  of  Education  shall  perform  such  other 
duties  as  are  assigned  to  them  elsewhere  in  this  article,  or  may  be 
assigned  to  them  from  time  to  time  by  the  General  Assembly. 

CHAPTER  3A— The  State  Superintendent  of  Schools. 

1918,  ch.  138. 

18.  The  State  superintendent  of  schools  shall  be  appointed  by 
the  State  Board  of  Education  for  a  term  of  four  years  and  said 
board  shall  fix  his  salary  and  pay  same  from  the  appropriation 
for  the  expenses  and  maintenance  of  the  State  Department  of 
Education.  He  shall  be  an  experienced  and  competent  educator ; 
he  shall  be  a  graduate  of  a  standard  college,  have  had  not  less  than 


OF  MARYLAND.  15 

two  years  of  special  academic  and  professional  graduate  prepara- 
tion in  a  standard  university,  and  not  less  than  seven  years'  ex- 
perience in  teaching  and  administration.  Provided,  that  these 
qualifications  shall  not  apply  to  the  present  incumbent  of  the  office, 
nor  shall  they  affect  his  eligibility  for  reappointment.  He  may 
be  removed  by  the  board  for  immorality,  misconduct  in  office, 
insubordination,  incompetency,  or  wilful  neglect  of  duty,  upon 
making  known  to  him,  in  writing,  the  charges  against  him,  and 
upon  giving  him  an  opportunity  of  being  heard  in  person  or  by 
counsel,  in  his  own  defense,  upon  not  less  than  ten  days'  notice. 
In  case  of  vacancy  due  to  any  cause,  the  State  Board  of  Education 
shall  fill  the  vacancy,  and  the  appointment  shall  be  for  the  unex- 
pired  term,  and  until  a  successor  shall  qualify. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

19.  The  State  Superintendent  of  Schools  shall  explain  the  true 
intent  and  meaning,  of  the  school  laws  and  of  the  enacted  and 
published  by-laws  of  the  State  Board  of  Education.  He  shall 
decide,  without  expense  to  the  parties  concerned,  all  controversies 
and  disputes,  involving  the  proper  administration  of  the  public 
school  system,  and  his  decision  shall  be  final.  He  shall  have 
authority  to  administer  oaths  and  to  examine  under  oath,  in  any 
part  of  the  State,  witnesses  in  any  matter  pertaining  to  the  public 
schools,  and  to  cause  the  examination  to  be  reduced  to  writing. 
Any  person,  who,  having  been  sworn  or  affirmed  by  him  to  tell 
the  truth,  and  who  wilfully  gives  false  testimony,  shall  be  guilty 
of  perjury. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

19A.  The  State  Superintendent  of  Schools  shall  enforce  all  the 
provisions  of  this  article  and  of  the  enacted  and  published  by-laws 
of  the  State  Board  of  Education.  He  is  empowered  to  cause  the 
State  Comptroller,  through  written  notification,  to  withhold,  in 
case  of  violation  of  any  of  the  provisions  of  this  article  or  of  the 
by-laws  enacted  and  published  by  the  State  Board  of  Education,, 
any  part  or  all  of  any  appropriation  made  by  the  General  Assem- 
bly to  any  educational  institution,  or  to  withhold  any  part  or  all 
of  any  payment  or  apportionment  from  the  general  state  school 
fund  to  county  school  boards. 


16  PUBLIC    SCHOOL    LAWS 

1916,  ch.  506. 

19B.  The  State  Superintendent  of  Schools  shall  execute  the 
educational  policies  of  the  State  Board  of  Education.  He  shall 
call  and  conduct  conferences  of  county  school  boards,  district 
school  trustees,  county  superintendents,  supervisors,  attendance 
officers,  and  teachers,  on  matters  related  to  the  condition,  needs, 
and  improvement  of  the  schools.  He  shall  prepare  and  publish 
such  pamphlets  as  will  stimulate  public  interest,  promote  the  work 
of  education,  and  foster  in  teachers  professional  insight  and  effi- 
ciency. He  shall  receive  and  examine  all  the  reports  required 
under  the  rules  and  regulations  of  the  State  Board  of  Education, 
and  in  person  or  through  his  assistants,  shall  examine  the  expen- 
ditures, business  methods,  and  accounts  of  county  school  boards 
and  advise  them  on  the  same. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

20.  The  State  Superintendent  of  Schools  shall,  subject  to  the 
rules  and  regulations  of  the  State  Board  of  Education,  pass  upon 
all  proposals  for  the  purchase  of  grounds,  school  sites,  or  build- 
ings, for  the  sale  of  the  same,  and  also  upon  all  plans  and  speci- 
fications for  the  remodeling  of  old  school  buildings  or  the  con- 
struction of  new  school  buildings  costing  three  hundred  dollars 
($300)  or  more.  In  case  the  construction  is  to  be  done  by  the 
county  board  itself,  it  shall  be  illegal  for  the  county  board  to 
proceed  until  the  plans  and  specifications  shall  have  been  ap- 
proved in  writing  by  the  State  Superintendent  of  Schools;  in 
case  the  construction  is  to  be  done  by  contract,  the  contract  shall 
be  invalid  without  the  written  approval  of  the  State  Superin- 
tendent of  Schools. 

By-law  5. 

Plans  for  one-room  school  buifdings  shall  provide  for  at  least  these  minimum 
requirements  :  the  school  room  must  be  not  less  than  twenty-six  feet  long,  twenty- 
two  feet  wide,  .and  ten  feet  8  inches  high  ;  the  windows  shall  be  located  on  one 
side,  preferably  east  or  north  (elevated  half -windows  in  the  rear  being  permitted)  ; 
the  glass  surface  shall  be  not  less  than  one-fifth  of  the  floor  space,  and  the  top  of  the 
windows  shall  be  within  at  least  one  foot  of  the  ceiling  ;  the  bottom  of  the  black 
board  shall  be  not  more  than  thirty  inches  from  the  floor  ;  and  hat  and  cloak  alcoves 
must  be  provided  in  addition  to  the  school  room. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

20A.  The  State  Superintendent  of  Schools  shall  certificate,  sub- 
ject to  the  rules  and  regulations  of  the  State  Board  of  Education 
and  the  provisions  of  sections  53,  54,  and  55  of  this  article,  all 
teachers  in  the  public  schools  of  the  State. 


OF  MARYLAND.  17 

1916,  ch.  506. 

20B.  The  State  Superintendent  of  Schools  shall  prepare,  or 
cause  to  be  prepared,  and  submit  for  approval  and  adoption  by  the 
State  Board  of  Education,  courses  of  study  for  the  different  grades 
and  kinds  of  elementary  schools,  high  schools,  and  normal  schools, 
and  also  college  courses  for  teachers. 

1918.  ch.  348. 

20C.  The  State  Superintendent  of  Schools  is  hereby  authorized 
to  furnish,  by  means  of  pictorial  or  graphic  representations,  ad- 
ditional facilities  for  instruction  in  geography,  history,  science  and 
kindred  subjects,  to  the  schools,  institutions  and  organizations 
under  the  supervision  of  the  State  Board  of  Education.  Material 
collected  for  this  purpose  may,  under  general  rules,  be  lent  for  a 
limited  time  to  responsible  institutions  and  organizations  for  the 
benefit  of  artisans,  mechanics,  and  other  citizens  of  the  several 
communities  of  the  State.  He  may  from  time  to  time  enter  into 
contracts  necessary  for  carrying  out  this  provision. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

21.  The  State  Superintendent  of  Schools,  acting  under  the 
rules  and  regulations  of  the  State  Board  of  Education,  shall  be 
responsible  for  the  administration  of  the  State  Department  of 
Education,  and  shall  have  general  supervision  of  all  the  profes- 
sional and  clerical  assistants  of  the  department.  He  shall  nomi- 
nate to  the  State  Board  of  Education  all  the  professional  and 
clerical  assistants  of  the  department  and  may  recommend  their 
dismissal  for  immorality,  misconduct  in  office,  insubordination, 
incompetency,  or  wilful  neglect  of  duty.  But  the  qualifications  of 
all  appointments,  their  tenure  and  compensation,  except  as  may 
hereinafter  be  provided,  shall  be  determined  by  the  State  Board 
of  Education. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

21A.  The  State  Department  of  Education  shall  hereafter  be 
provided  with  the  following  professional  assistants.  Such  profes- 
sional assistants  as  are  employed  at  the  time  this  section  shall 
take  effect  shall  be  eligible  for  reappointment  to  the  positions 
which  they  now  hold : 

(1)  An  Assistant  State  Superintendent  of  Schools,  who  shall 
represent  the  State  Superintendent  of  Schools  in  his  absence ;  shall 


18  PUBLIC    SCHOOL    LAWS 

have  charge  of  the  office  of  the  department,  the  correspondence, 
publications,  records,  reports,  and  educational  and  financial 
statistics ;  shall  audit  the  accounts  of  the  county  boards  of  educa- 
tion, and  shall  perform  such  other  duties  as  may  be  assigned  to 
him  by  the  State  Superintendent  of  Schools. 

(2)  A  Supervisor  of  High  Schools,  who  shall  have  supervision 
of  state-aided  high  schools,  shall  aid  the  instructors  in  all  other 
schools  above  the  seventh  grade,  and  shall  perform  such  other 
duties  as  may  be  assigned  to  him  by  the  State  Superintendent 
of  Schools. 

(3)  A  Supervisor  of  Eural  Schools,  who  shall  devote  his  ener- 
gies to  helping  teachers,  superintendents,  and  interested  citizens 
to  formulate  a  plan  of  rural  education  adapted  to  the  specific 
and  general  needs  of  the  State,  and  who  shall  perform  such  other 
duties  as  may  be  assigned  to  him  by  the  State  Superintendent 
of  Schools. 

(4)  A  white  Supervisor  of  Colored  Schools,  who  shall  have 
supervision  of  all  colored  schools,  and  shall  perform  such  other 
duties  as  may  be  assigned  to  him  by  the  State  Superintendent  of 
Schools. 

(5)  And  such  other  clerical  and  professional  assistants  and 
agents  as  may  be  authorized  by  the  State  Board  of  Education 
within  the  limits  of  the  appropriation  for  the  State  Department 
of  Education. 

By-law  6. 

The  several  assistants  of  the  State  Superintendent  of  Schools  shall  devote  their 
full  time  to  the  work  of  their  respective  positions,  and  shall  make  no  engagements 
for  employment  as  instructors,  or  in  any  other  way  employ  themselves  outside  of 
their  usual  duties,  without  the  consent  of  the  State  Board  of  Education. 

1916,  ch.   506. 

21B.  The  State  Superintendent  of  Schools,  subject  to  the  rules 
and  regulations  of  the  State  Board  of  Education,  shall  direct  the 
taking  of  a  biennial  school  census  of  all  the  children  in  the  State 
between  the  ages  of  six  and  eighteen  years,  inclusive,  to  be  taken 
first  in  the  year  1918,  and  every  two  years  thereafter,  and  he  may 
cause  the  whole  or  any  part  of  the  school  census  of  the  city  of 
Baltimore  or  of  any  county  to  be  retaken  at  any  time,  if,  in  his. 
judgment,  the  whole  or  any  part  of  such  census  has  not  been 
properly  or  correctly  taken. 


OF  MARYLAND.  19 

1916,  ch.  506. 

21C.  The  State  Superintendent  of  Schools  shall  prepare  or 
cause  to  be  prepared  the  annual  report  of  the  State  Board  of 
Education  and  shall  submit  the  same  to  the  board  for  its  ap- 
proval and  adoption;  he  shall  also  prepare  or  cause  to  be  pre- 
pared all  other  reports  which  are  or  may  be  required  of  this 
board. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

21D.  The  State  Superintendent  of  Schools  shall  perform  such 
other  duties  as  are  assigned  to  him  elsewhere  in  this  article,  or 
may  be  assigned  to  him  from  time  to  time  by  the  State  Board 
of  Education. 

CHAPTER  4— County  Board  of  Education. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

22.  The  county  board  of  education  shall  hold  an  annual  meet- 
ing each  year  on  the  second  Tuesday  in  May,  or  as  near  as  pos- 
sible thereto  in  May.     At  this  meeting  the  board  shall  elect  one 
of  its  members  to  serve  as  president  and  one  to  serve  as  vice- 
president.     Other  regular  meetings  shall  be  held  at  least  once 
in  each  school  term,  and  such  special  meetings  may  be  held  as 
the  duties  and  business  of  the  board  may  require.     The  members 
of  the  county  boards  of  education  shall  receive  no  salary,  but 
each  member  shall  receive  the  sum  of  one  hundred  dollars  annu- 
ally for  traveling  and  other  expenses  incident  to  attending  the 

.meetings  and  transacting  the  business  of  the  board  within  the 
county. 

By-law  7. 

The   rules   generally   adopted   by    deliberative  bodies    for   their   government    shall 

be   observed   by   the  county  board   of  education.  No   motion   or   resolution   shall   be 

declared  adopted,  without  the  concurrence  of  a  majority  of  the  whole  Board,  viz  : 

two  members  when  the  Board  consists  of  throe,  and  four  members  when  the  Board 
consists   of  six. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

23.  The  county  board  of  education  are  hereby  declared  to  be  a 
body  politic  and  corporate  by  the  name  and  style  of  the  Board  of 

Education  of .County,  and  by  that  name  shall  have 

perpetual  succession,  and  shall  be  capable  to  sue  and  to  be  sued, 
to  use  and  to  have  a  common  seal,  and  the  same  at  their  pleasure 
to  alter  or  break,  and  to  exercise  all  the  powers  and  privileges 
hereby  granted  to  or  vested  in  them. 


20  PUBLIC    SCHOOL    LAWS 

1916,  ch.  506. 

24.  All  the  property,  estate,  effects,  money,  funds,  claims,  and 
state  donations  heretofore  vested  by  law  in  the  public  school 
authorities  of  any  county,  for  the  benefit  of  public,  primary,  free, 
or  high  schools,  are  transferred  to  and  vested  in  the  county  boards 
of  education,  and  their  successors  in  office.     The  county  boards 
of  education  are  authorized,  empowered,  directed,  and  required 
to   maintain  a  uniform  and  effective  system  of  public  schools 
throughout  their  respective  counties.     Real  and  personal  estate 
granted,  conveyed,  devised,  or  bequeathed  for  the  use  of  any  par- 
ticular county  or  school  district  shall  be  held  in  trust  by  the  county 
board  of  education  for  the  benefit  of  such  county  or  school  dis- 
trict, and  such  grants  and  bequests  shall  be   exempt  from  all 
state  and  county  taxes.     Moneys  invested  in  trust  for  the  benefit 
of  the  public  schools  of  any  county  or  city  shall  be  exempt  from 
state,  county,  or  local  tax. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

25.  The  county  superintendent  of  schools  shall  be  the  exec- 
utive officer,  the  secretary  and  treasurer  of  the  county  board  of 
education.     He  shall  attend  all  meetings  of  the  board  and  of  its 
committees,  except  when  his  own  tenure,  salary,  or  the  admin- 
istration of  his  office  are  under  consideration,  and  shall  have  the 
right  to  advise  on  any  question  under  consideration,  but  shall 
have  no  right  to  vote. 

By-law  8. 

The  county  superintendent  shall  keep  an  accurate  minute  of  the  proceedings  of 
each  meeting  and,  after  same  shall  have  been  duly  approved  at  the  first  subsequent 
meeting,  he  shall  record  said  proceedings  in  a  substantial  book  to  be  kept  for  the 
purpose.  This  record  book  shall  be  accessible  to,  and  open  for  examination  by, 
any  member  of  the  Board  or  any  other  interested  person. 

By-law  9. 

The  county  superintendent,  as  secretary,  shall  carefully  file  and  safely  keep  all 
letters,  written  reports,  and  other  papers  relating  to  his  office  and  to  the  business 
of  the  Board,  and  all  the  correspondence  pertaining  thereto.  On  or  before  the 
twentieth  day  of  August  in  each  year,  he  shall  prepare  on  blank  forms  prescribed  by 
1'he  State  Board  of  Education,  and  present  to  the  County  Board  of  Education  for  its 
perusal  and  consideration,  the  annual  report  to  the  State  Board  of  Education. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

25A.  The  county  board  of  education,  shall  to  the  best  of  its 
ability  cause  the  provisions  of  this  article,  the  by-laws,  and  the 
policies  of  the  State  Board  of  Education  to  be  carried  into  effect. 
Subject  to  this  article,  and  to  the  by-laws  and  the  policies  of 
the  State  Board  of  Education,  the  county  board  of  education 


OF  MARYLAND.  21 

shall  determine,  with  and  011  the  advice  of  the  county  superintend- 
ent, the  educational  policies  of  the  county  and  shall  prescribe  rules 
and  regulations  for  the  conduct  and  management  of  the  schools. 

By-law   10. 

Every  teacher  is  required  to  become  familiar  with  the  by-laws  and  regulations 
of  the  State  Board  of  Education  and  those  of  the  county  board  not  at  variance  with 
same,  and  to  bear  in  mind  that  by  accepting  employment  he  or  she  voluntarily  under- 
takes to  discharge  all  duties  imposed  or  implied  therein. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

25B.  The  county  board  of  education  shall  exercise,  through 
its  executive  officers,  the  county  superintendent  and  his  profes- 
sional assistants,  control  and  supervision  over  the  public  school 
system  of  the  county.  The  board  shall  consult  and  advise,  through 
its  executive  officer  and  his  professional  assistants,  with  the 
boards  of  district  trustees,  principals,  teachers,  and  interested 
citizens,  and  shall  seek  in  every  way  to  promote  the  interests  of 
The  schools  under  their  jurisdiction. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

250.  The  county  board  of  education  shall  divide  the  county 
into  appropriate  school  districts,  shall  keep  full  records  of  the 
boundaries  thereof,  and  shall  locate  and  maintain  schools,  as 
needed,  within  each  district.  They  are  authorized  and  empowered 
with  the  approval  of  the  State  Superintendent  of  Schools,  to 
purchase  grounds,  school  sites  or  buildings,  or  to  sell  the  same; 
to  rent,  repair,  improve,  and  construct  school  buildings,  or  ap- 
prove contracts  for  so  doing,  when  the  plans  conform  ta  the 
rules  and  regulations  of  the  State  Board  of  Education,  and  are 
approved  by  the  State  Superintendent  of  Schools,  as  provided  for 
in  section  20. of  this  article.  They  shall  employ  an  architect  or 
architects  on  the  recommendation  of  the  county  superintendent 
of  schools  to  assist  in  the  preparation  of  plans  and  specifications 
for  remodeling  old  buildings  and  for  constructing  new  buildings. 
They  may  sell,  with  the  approval  of  the  State  Superintendent  of 
Schools,  school  grounds,  school  sites,  and  school  buildings  when 
no  longer  needed  for  educational  purposes. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

25D.  The  county  board  of  education  may  receive  donations 
of-  school  grounds  or  school  sites,  or  of  houses  already  buiit 
suitably  located  and  adapted  to  school  purposes,  but  in  no  case 


22  PUBLIC    SCHOOL    LAWS 

shall  any  site  be  built  upon,  or  any  house  be  occupied,  until  a 
good  and  sufficient  title  has  been  obtained  for  the  same  in  the 
corporate  name  of  the  board. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

25E.  When  lands  shall  be  required  for  the  site  of  a  school- 
house,  or  for  enlarging  a  schoolhouse  lot,  or  for  playgrounds  or 
other  school  purposes,  and  the  county  board  of  education  shall 
for  any  cause  be  unable  to  contract  with  the  owner  or  owners 
thereof  upon  what  they  deem  to  be  a  fair  valuation  thereof,  the 
county  board  of  education  may-  institute  proceedings  for  the 
acquisition  of  such  lands,  in  accordance  with  Chapter  463  of  the 
Acts  of  1914 ;  but  no  lot  so  taken  or  enlarged  shall  exceed,  in  the 
whole,  five  acres,  including  the  land  occupied  by  the  school 
building. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

25F.  Schools  on  or  near  the  dividing  line  of  two  counties  shall 
be  free  to  the  children  of  each  county;  and  the  county  board  of 
education  of  the  respective  counties  shall  have  power  to  provide 
jointly  for  the  maintenance  of  said  schools. 

By-law  11. 

Failure  of  the  county  boards  of  education  to  make  a  joint  arrangement  for  the 
'maintenance  and  support  of  a  school  near  the  line  dividing  two  counties  shall  not 
prevent  children  of  school  age  from  attending  school  in  the  adjoining  county,  pro- 
vided such  school  is  nearer  them  by  a  publicly  traveled  road  than  any  school  of  the 
county  in  which  they  reside.  Should  the  two  county  boards  of  education  fail  to 
agree  in  determining  the  support  each  should  give  to  such  school,  the  State  Super- 
intendent of  Schools  shall  decide. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

25G.  The  county  boards  of  education  in  every  county  of  the 
State  shall  provide  sanitary,  hygienic,  suitable  and  convenient 
water-closets  or  outhouses  for  each  of  the  schools  under  their 
official  jurisdiction,  not  less  than  two  for  each  school  or  'building, 
when  both  sexes  are  in  attendance,  in  their  respective  school  dis- 
tricts, with  separate  means  of  access  for  each ;  and  unless  placed 
at  a  remote  distance,  one  from  the  other,  the  approaches  or  walks 
thereto  shall  be  separated  by  a  substantial  close-fence,  not  less 
than  seven  feet  high ;  and  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  said  boards 
to  make  provision  for  keeping  the  said  water-closets  or  outhouses 
in  a  clean,  comfortable,  sanitary,  and  hygienic  condition.  Neglect 
or  failure  on  the  part  of  any  county  board  of  education  to  comply 
with  the  provisions  of  this  section  shall  constitute  cause  for  the 
removal  of  its  members,  as  provided  in  section  6  of  this  article. 


OF  MARYLAND.  23 

1916,  ch.  506. 

25H.  The  county  board  of  education  shall  consolidate  schools 
wherever  in  their  judgment  it  is  practicable,  and  arrange,  when 
possible  without  charge  to  the  county,  and  shall  pay,  when  nec- 
essary, for  the  transportation  of  pupils  to  and  from  such  consol- 
idated schools. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

251.  The  county  board  of  education  shall  purchase  and  dis- 
tribute, on  the  written  recommendation  of  the  county  superin- 
tendent, text-books,  supplementary  readers,  materials  of  instruc- 
tion, stationery  and  school  supplies,  school  furniture,  equipment, 
and  apparatus  needed  by  the  schools  under  their  jurisdiction. 

By-law  12. 

The  county  board  of  education  shall  prepare  rules  and  regulations  for  the  distribu- 
tion and  care  of  books  furnished  to  pupils,  and  shall  attach  a  copy  of  the  same  to 
each  book  so  furnished.  Failure  of  any  pupil  to  comply  with  such  regulations  shall 
justify  the  principal  in  withholding  from  him  all  books  and  school  supplies,  until 
restitution  is  made.  Every  teacher  shall  keep  an  account  of  the  books  belonging  to 
the  school  furnished  each  pupil  for  use,  and  shall  require  the  return  of  the  books 
when  the  pupil  leaves  school.  At  the  end  of  each  school  year  the  principal  shall 
furnish  to  the  county  board  of  education  an  inventory  of  books  and  stationery  on 
hand,  and  shall  be  responsible  for  losses  of  same  when  not  explained  to  the  satisfac- 
tion of  the  county  board  of  education. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

25J.  The  county  board  of  education  shall  appoint,  on  the 
written  recommendation  of  the  county  superintendent,  all  prin- 
cipals and  assistant  teachers,  and  fix  their  salaries,  subject  to 
the  provisions  of  Chapter  8  of  this  article.  The  county  board 
may  suspend  or  dismiss  without  appeal  any  teacher  so  appointed, 
on  the  written  recommendation  of  the  county  superintendent, 
for  immorality,  misconduct  in  office,  insubordination,  incompe- 
tency,  or  wilful  neglect  of  duty,  provided  that  the  charges  be 
stated  in  writing,  and  that  the  teacher  be  given  an  opportunity 
to  be  heard  by  the  board  upon  not  less  than  ten  days'  notice; 
provided  further  that  in  all  cases  when  the  board  is  not  unanimous 
in  its  decisions  to  suspend  or  dismiss,  the  right  of  appeal  shall  lie 
to  the  State  Superintendent  of  Schools. 

By-law  13. 

All  contracts  with  teachers,  both  principals  and  assistants,  employed  after  June  1, 
1918,  shall  be  in  writing  and  on  uniform  blanks  furnished  by  the  State  Board  of 
Education,  which  shall  be  signed  by  the  teacher,  the  president,  and  secretary  of  the 
county  board  of  education,  and  when  so  signed  shall  be  filed  by  the  secretary  in  the 
office  of  the  board;  provided  teachers  employed  prior  to  June  1,  1918,  and  continu- 
ing in  the  service,  shall  have  the  contract  herein  prescribed  when  they  so  desire. 
The  following  shall  be  the  form  of  contract  and,  under  the  foregoing  conditions,  no 
other  shall  be  recognized  : 


V 

24  PUBLIC    SCHOOL    LAWS 

Teacher's  Contract. 

State  of  Maryland,  County  of . 

It  is  hereby  agreed  by  and  between  the  County  Board  of  Education  of 

County  and that  the  said shall  be  and  is 

hereby  employed  to  teach  in  the  public  schools  of County, 

as subject   to 

assignment  by  the  County  Superintendent  or  transfer  to  some  other  teaching  position 
within  the  county,  provided  that  If  the  transfer  be  made  during  the  school  year  or 
after  the  opening  of  the  school  for  any  year,  the  salary  shall  not  be  reduced  for  the 
remainder  of  the  year.  The  salary  of  said  teacher  shall  be  fixed  by  the  County 
Board  of  Education,  which  salary  shall  be  not  less  than  the  minimum  salary  provided 
by  law. 

And  it  is  further  agreed  that  the  said  teacher  will  not  vacate  the  position  to 
which  assigned  during  any  school  year,  except  in  case  of  emergency  of  which  the 
County  Board  of  Education  shall  judge. 

And  it  is  further  agreed  that  either  of  the  parties  to  this  contract  may  terminate 
it  at  the  end  of  the  first  or  second  school  year  by  giving  thirty  days'  notice  in 
writing  to  the  other  during  the  month  of  June  or  July. 

And  it  is  further  agreed  that  if  the  teacher  named  herein  wishes  to  vacate  his 
or  her  position  after  the  second  year,  thirty  days'  notice  in  writing  shall  be  given 
the  County  Board  of  Education  during  the  month  of  June  or  July,  except  in  case  of 
emergency  of  which  the  County  Board  of  Education  shall  judge. 

If  any  of  the  conditions  of  this  contract  shall  be  violated  by  the  teacher  named 
herein,  salary  already  accrued  will  be  forfeited,  in  the  discretion  of  the  County 
Board  of  Education. 

This  contract  shall  continue  from  year  to  year,  subject  to  the  aforegoing  condi- 
tions, provided  that  if  the  teacher,  on  recommendation  of  the  County  Superintendent, 
is  suspended  by  the  County  Board  of  Education  in  accordance  with  the  provisions 
of  Section  53  of  Article  77  of  the  Annotated  Code  of  Maryland,  said  teacher  shall 
have  the  right  of  appeal  to  the  State  Superintendent  of  Schools,  if  the  decision  of 
said  board  is  not  unanimous. 

This  contract  is  made  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  the  school  law,  and  is 
subject  to  Sections  53  and  56  of  Article  77  of  the  Annotated  Code  of  Maryland,  Chap- 
ter 506  of  the  Acts  of  the  General  Assembly  of  1916,  and  any  amendments  thereto, 
and  will  be  filed  among  the  records  of  the  County  Board  of  Education. 

The  said on part  hereby  accepts  said  appointment,  to 

take  effect  on  the day  of 19     . 

Date  of  signing  this  contract 19     . 

Witness  our  hands  : 


President,   County  Board  of  Education. 
I  Secretary,  County  Board  of  Education. 

Teacher. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

25K.  The  county  board  of  education,  subject  to  the  provisions 
of  this  article,  the  by-laws,  courses  of  study  and  policies  of  the 
State  Board  of  Education,  shall  prescribe,  on  the  written  recom- 
mendation of  the  county  superintendent,  courses  of  study  for  the 
schools  under  their  jurisdiction,  and  a  printed  copy  of  these 
courses  of  study  shall  be  supplied  to  every  teacher  and  to  every 
interested  citizen  of  the  county. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

25L.  The  county  board  of  education,  subject  to  the  provisions 
of  this  article,  and  the  by-laws  of  the  State  Board  of  Education, 
shall,  on  the  written  recommendation  of  the  county  superintend- 
ent, grade  and  standardize  all  the  schools  under  their  jurisdiction. 

1916,  ch.  506. 
25M.     The   county  board   of  education  shall,   subject  to   the 


OF  MARYLAND.  25 

direction  of  the  State  Superintendent  of  Schools  and  to  the  rules 
and  regulations  of  the  State  Board  of  Education,  cause  to  be 
taken,  under  the  direction  of  the  county  superintendent,  a  bien- 
nial school  census  of  the  children  of  the  county  between  the 
ages  of  six  and  eighteen  years,  inclusive,  to  be  taken  first  in  the 
year  1918,  and  every  two  years  thereafter ;  and  the  county  super- 
intendent shall  cause,  upon  the  direction,  at  any  time,  of  the  State 
Superintendent  of  Schools,  the  whole  or  any  part  of  any  school 
census  of  his  county  to  be  retaken. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

26.  The  county  board  of  education,  each  year,  beginning  with 
the  year  1916,  shall  prepare,  subject  to  the  rules  and  regulations 
of  the  State  Board  of  Education  and  on  and  with  the  advice  of  the 
county  superintendent,  an  itemized  and  detailed  school  budget, 
showing  the  amount  of  money  needed  for  permanent  improve- 
ments and  repairs,  and  for  current  repairs,  furniture  for  old 
buildings,  maintenance  and  support  of  the  schools  during  the 
succeeding  school  year,  also  the  estimated  total  amount  that  will 
be  received  from  the  State,  which  shall  be  used  for  paying  teach- 
ers' salaries  and  purchasing  textbooks,  materials  of  instruction, 
and  school  supplies ;  and  finally  the  amount  that  will  be  needed  to 
be  raised  by  local  taxation.  This  annual  school  budget  shall  be 
submitted  in  writing,  not  less  than  twenty  days  before  the  usual 
date  for  levying  county  taxes,  to  the  board  of  county  commis- 
sioners ;  at  the  same  time  a  copy  of  this  annual  budget  shall  also 
be  submitted  to  the  board  of  county  commissioners  and  to  the 
State  Superintendent  of  Schools.  The  board  of  county  commis- 
sioners are  hereby  authorized,  empowered,  directed,  and  required 
to  levy  and  collect  such  tax  upon  the  assessable  property  of  the 
county  as  will  produce  the  amount  requested  to  be  raised  by  local 
taxation  in  the^  annual  budget  of  the  county  board  of  education. 
The  amount  requested  in  the  annual  budget  of  the  county  board 
of  education  for  current  repairs,  furniture  in  old  buildings,  main- 
tenance and  support  of  the  schools,  for  the  succeeding  school 
year,  and  to  be  raised  by  local  taxation  shall  not  hereafter  in  any 
year  be  less  than  a  minimum  tax,  levied  and  collected,  of  34  cents 
on  each  one  hundred  dollars  ($100)  of  the  assessable  property  in 
the  county.  Provided  that  if  in  any  county  the  tax  levied  and  col- 
lected for  the  school  year  ending  July  thirty-first,  1916,  for  cur- 


26  PUBLIC    SCHOOL    LAWS 

rent  repairs,  furniture  in  old  buildings,  maintenance  and  support 
of  the  schools,  was  less  than  34  cents  on  each  one  hundred  dol- 
lars ($100)  of  assessable  property  in  the  county,  such  county 
shall  only  be  required  to  increase  its  total  tax  rate  for  the  schools 
annually  by  2  cents  on  each  one  hundred  dollars  ($100)  of  the 
assessable  property  in  the  county,  until  the  tax  levied  and  col- 
lected for  current  repairs,  furniture  in'  old  buildings,  maintenance 
and  support  of  the  schools  in  any  one  school  year,  shall  equal  a 
minimum  tax  levied  and  collected  of  34  cents  on  each  one  hundred 
dollars  ($100)  of  the  assessable  property  of  the  county.  Provided 
further,  that  the  total  amount  requested  for  any  one  school  year 
by  the  county  board  of  education  for  permanent  improvements  and 
repairs,  current  repairs,  furniture  in  old  buildings,  maintenance 
and  support  of  the  schools  shall  not  exceed  a  tax  levied  and  col- 
lected of  40  cents  on  each  one  hundred  dollars  ($100)  of  the  assess- 
able property  in  the  county,  unless  the  board  of  county  commis- 
sioners shall  approve  and  sanction  such  additional  tax.  Provided 
also  that  if  the  total  amount  requested  for  any  one  school  year  by 
the  county  board  of  education  to  be  raised  by  local  taxation  ex- 
ceeds a  tax,  levied  and  collected  of  40  cents  on  each  one  hundred 
dollars  ($100)  of  the  assessable  property  in  the  county  and  such 
additional  tax  is  not  approved  and  sanctioned  by  the  board  of 
county  commissioners,  the  county  commissioners  shall  indicate  in 
writing  what  item  or  items  of  the  annual  budget  of  the  county 
board  of  education  have  been  denied  in  whole  or  in  part,  and  the 
reason  for  the  denial  in  whole  or  in  part  of  the  respective  items. 
Taxes  so  levied  and  collected  shall  be  separately  indicated  on  tax 
bills  and  tax  receipts,  and  shall  be  known  as  the  County  School 
Tax.  Taxes  so  levied  shall  be  collected  as  other  taxes  and  shall 
be  paid  monthly  to  the  treasurer  of  the  county  board  of  education 
in  as  nearly  equal  amounts  as  possible,  beginning  on  or  before  the 
tenth  of  October  of  each  year  and  continuing  up  to  and  including 
June ;  provided  that  taxes  levied  and  collected  for  permanent  im- 
provements and  repairs  or  special  purposes  may  be  required  to 
be  paid  oftener,  upon  the  order  of  the  president  and  secretary 
of  the  county  board  of  education  to  the  board  of  county  commis- 
sioners. All  taxes  received  by  the  county  board  of  education  shall 
be  expended  by  them  in  accordance  with  the  items  of  their  annual 
budget.  Any  sum  of  money  which  may  have  been  specially  levied 


OP  MARYLAND.  27 

and  collected  on  any  election  or  schoolhouse  district  for  the  edu- 
cational purposes  connected  with  such  district  shall  be  collected 
for  and  applied  to  the  purpose  so  intended  originally  and  shall  be 
used  for  no  other  purpose ;  and  if  said  funds  have  been  used  other- 
wise, they  shall  be  returned  and  applied  as  aforesaid. 

Board  of  Education  of  Prince  George's  County  vs.  County  Commis- 
sioners. Daily  Record,  December  29,  1917. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

27.  Each  county  board  of  education  shall  hereafter  provide 
for  at  least  an  annual  audit  of  its  business  and  financial  trans- 
actions and  of  the  accounts  of  its  treasurer  by  an  accountant  or 
accountants,  approved  by  the  State  Superintendent  of  Schools, 
and  the  results  of  this  audit  shall  be  made  public  by  the  county 
board  of  education. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

28.  Each  county  board  of  education  and  the  Board  of  School 
Commissioners  of  the  city  of  Baltimore  shall  make  all  the  re- 
ports required  by  the  State  Board  of  Education  and  the  State 
Superintendent  of  Schools  at  such  times,  upon  such  items,  and 
in  such  form  and  on  such  blanks  as  may  be  prescribed  by  the 
State    Board    of   Education    and  ~the    State    Superintendent    of 
Schools. 

By-law  14. 

The  county  board  of  education  shall  make  an  annual  report  to  the  State  Board 
of  Education,  on  or  before  the  first  day  of  September  of  each  year,  in  such  form 
and  containing  such  statistics  as  the  blanks  prescribed  by  the  State  Board  of 
Education  require. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

29.  Each  county  board  of  education  shall  cause  to  be  prepared 
and  published  annually,  in  the  month  of  November,  in  sufficient 
quantities  for  distribution  among  the  citizens  of  the  county,  an 
annual  report  addressed  to  the  people  of  the  county,  covering  the 
condition,  current  accomplishments,  and  needs  for  the  improve- 
ment of  the  schools,  also  a  statement  of  the  business  and  financial 
transactions  of  the  board. 

By-law   15. 

The  annual  report  of  the  county  board  of  education,  which  may  be  published 
either  in  some  newspaper  in  the  county  or  in  pamphlet  form,  shall  contain  a  state- 
ment of  receipts  and  disbursements  by  schools!  including  a  statement  showing  any 
indebtedness  of  the  board  at  the  close  of  the  fiscal  year.  The  county  superintend- 
ent snail  send  a  copy  or  this  report  to  the  State  Board  of  Education  within  ten  days 
of  its  publication. 


28  PUBLIC    SCHOOL    LAWS 

CHAPTER  4A— The  County  Superintendent  of  Schools. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

72.  The  county  board  of  education  of  each  county  shall  ap- 
point during  the  month  of  May  a  superintendent  of  schools  for  a 
term  of  four  -years,  from  the  first  day  of  August  next  succeeding 
his  appointment,  and  he  shall  hold  office  until  his  successor  qual- 
ifies. No  person  shall  be  eligible  for  appointment  to  the  office  of 
county  superintendent  of  schools  who  does  not  hold  from  the 
State  Superintendent  of  Schools  a  certificate  in  administration 
and  supervision  as  provided  for  in  section  55  of  this  article,  nor 
shall  the  appointment  of  any  person  by  the  county  board  of  edu- 
cation to  the  position  of  county  superintendent  of  schools  be  valid 
without  the  written  approval  of  the  State  Superintendent  of 
Schools.  Provided  that  all  county  superintendents  of  schools 
holding  office  at  the  time  when  this  act  shall  take  effect,  shall 
continue  to  serve  to  the  end  of  the  term  for  which  they  were  orig- 
inally appointed,  and  until  their  successors  qualify,  unless  re- 
moved, as  hereinafter  provided,  and  shall  also  be  eligible  for  reap- 
pointment ;  and  provided,  further,  that  all  county  superintendents 
of  schools  shall  be  paid,  beginning1  with  the  school  year  1916-1917. 
on  the  basis  of  the  salaries  hereinafter  specified.  The  salary  of 
the  county  superintendent  of  schools  shall  not  be  diminished  dur- 
ing his  term  of  office.  The  county  superintendent  of  schools  shall 
devote  his  entire  time  to  public  school  business  and  shall  receive 
such  compensation  as  the  county  board  of  education  shall  direct, 
provided  that  no  county  superintendent  of  schools  appointed  to 
office  under  the  provisions  of  this  section,  or  continuing  in  office 
under  the  provisions  of  this  section,  shall  be  paid  an  annual  salary 
of  less  than  eighteen  hundred  ($1,800)  dollars,  and  the  State  of 
Maryland  shall,  as  hereinafter  provided,  pay  out  of  the  General 
State  School  Fund  to  the  treasurer  of  the  county  board  of  edu- 
cation, one-half  of  the  annual  salary  of  the  county  superintendent 
of  schools,  up  to  and  including  an  annual  salary  of  three  thousand 
($3,000)  dollars.  County  boards  of  education  may,  in  their  dis- 
cretion, pay  to  a  county  superintendent  an  annual  salary  in  excess 
of  three  thousand  ($3,000)  dollars,  but  the  State  shall  not  share 
in  the  part  payment  of  said  excess.  The  State  Superintendent 
of  Schools  may  remove  any  county  superintendent  of  schools  ap- 


OF  MARYLAND.  29 

pointed  under  the  provisions  of  this  section  or  continuing  in  office 
under  the  provisions  of  this  section,  for  immorality,  misconduct 
in  office,  insubordination,  incompetency,  or  wilful  neglect  of 
duty,  upon  making  known  to  him,  in  writing,  the  charges  against 
him,  and  upon  giving  to  him  an  opportunity  of  being  heard  in 
person  or  by  counsel,  in  his  own  defense,  upon  not  less  than  ten 
days'  notice.  In  case  of  vacancy  due  to  any  cause,  the  county 
board  of  education  shall  fill  the  vacancy  and  the  appointment 
shall  be  for  a  full  term  of  four  years,  and  until  a  successor  shall 
qualify. 

By-law  16. 

On  vacating  his  office,  the  county  superintendent  shall  deliver  his  books,  vouch- 
ers, and  all  official  papers  and  keys  belonging  to  the  office,  to  his  successor  in 
office  not  later  than  the  first  day  of  the  term  for  which  his  successor  was  elected. 
All  books  of  account  and  record  shall  be  completed  and  posted  up  to  and  includ- 
ing the  date  of  his  leaving  the  office,  and  his  last  month's  salary  shall  not  be 
paid  until  this  provision  has  been  complied  with. 

By-law  17. 

The  county  superintendent  shall  have  charge  of  the  office  of  the  county  board 
of  education  and  shall  cause  it  to  be  kept  open  every  day,  except  Sundays  and 
holidays,  from  9  A.  M.  to  12  M.,  and  from  1  P.  M.  to  5  P.  M.,  or  an  equal  number 
of  hours  on  such  business  days.  On  Saturdays,  the  office  may  be  closed  at  1  P.  M. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

72A.  The  county  superintendent  of  schools,  as  the  executive 
officer  of  the  county  board  of  education,  shall  see  that  the  laws 
relating  to  the  schools,  the  enacted  and  published  by-laws  and 
the  policies  of  the  State  Board  of  Education  and  the  rules  and 
regulations  and  the  policies  of  the  county  board  of  education  are 
carried  into  effect. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

72B.  The  county  superintendent  of  schools  shall  explain  the 
true  intent  and  meaning  of  the  school  laws,  and  of  the  by-laws 
of  the  State  Board  of  Education,  subject  to  the  approval  in  writing 
of  the  State  Superintendent  of  Schools;  he  shall  decide,  without 
expense  to  the  parties  concerned,  all  controversies  and  disputes 
involving  the  rules  and  regulations  of  the  county  board  of  educa- 
tion and  the  proper  administration  of  the  public  school  system  in 
the  county,  and  his  decision  shall  be  final,  except  that  an  appeal 
may  be  had  to  the  State  Superintendent  of  Schools  if  taken  in 
writing  within  thirty  days.  The  county  superintendent  of  schools 
shall  have  authority  to  administer  oaths  and  to  examine  under 
oath,  in  any  part  of  the  county,  witnesses  in  any  matter  pertain- 
ing to  the  public  schools  of  the  county,  and  to  cause  the  examina- 


30  PUBLIC    SCHOOL    LAWS 

lion  to  be  reduced  to  writing.  Any  person,  who,  having  been 
sworn  or  affirmed  by  him  to  tell  the  truth,  and  who  wilfully  gives 
false  testimony,  shall  be  guilty  of  perjury. 

By-law  18. 

An  accurate  record  shall  be  kept  by  the  county  superintendent  of  all  trials 
or  cases  decided,  in  order  that,  if  an  appeal  be  taken,  all  facts  may  be  submitted. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

72C.  The  county  superintendent  of  schools  shall  recommend 
for  condemnation  school  buildings  which  are  unsanitary  and  unfit 
for  use ;  he  shall  recommend  all  repairs,  the  purchase  of  grounds, 
school  sites  and  buildings,  or  the  sale  of  the  same,  and  shall  pre- 
pare or  cause  to  be  prepared  all  plans  and  specifications  for  the 
remodeling  of  old  buildings,  and  the  construction  of  new  build- 
ings, subject  to  the  provisions  of  section  20  of  this  article ;  and  he 
shall  recommend,  in  his  discretion,  to  the  county  board  of  educa- 
tion, an  architect  or  architects  to  assist  in  the  preparation  of  the 
plans  and  specifications  for  remodeling  old  buildings  or  the  con- 
struction of  new  buildings,  and  shall  supervise  such  remodelling 
and  construction.  He  shall  approve  in  writing  all  contracts  of 
whatever  kind  entered  into  by  the  county  board  of  education,  and 
no  contract  entered  into  by  the  county  board  of  education  shall 
be  valid  without  the  written  approval  of  the  county  superintend- 
ent of  schools. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

72D.  The  county  superintendent  of  schools  shall  be  the  repre- 
sentative of  the  State  Superintendent  of  Schools  in  all  state  ex- 
aminations for  teachers'  certificates  conducted  within  the  county,. 
and  shall  perform  such  duties  in  connection  therewith  as  may  be 
required  by  the  State  Superintendent  of  Schools.  He  may  issue, 
without  charge,  provisional  certificates  to  teachers,  subject  to  the 
provisions  of  Chapter  8  of  this  article. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

72E.  The  county  superintendent  of  schools  shall  nominate, 
for  appointment  by  the  county  board  of  education,  all  principals 
and  all  assistant  teachers,  shall  assign  them  to  their  positions  in 
the  schools,  transfer  them  as  the  needs  of  the  schools  require,  rec- 
ommend them  for  promotion,  suspend  them  for  cause,  and  rec- 
ommend them  for  dismissal. 


OF  MARYLAND.  31 

1916,  ch.  506. 

72F.  The  county  superintendent  of  schools  shall  organize  and 
attend  county  and  local  institutes  for  teachers  and  citizens,  shall 
organize  and  direct  the  work  of  reading  centers  of  the  county, 
advise  teachers  as  to  their  further  study  and  professional  reading, 
and  assist  parents  and  citizens  to  acquire  a  knowledge  of  the 
aims  and  work  of  the  schools. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

72G.  The  county  superintendent  shall  visit  the  schools,  ob- 
serve the  management  and  instruction  and  give  suggestions  for 
the  improvement  of  the  same.  He  shall  advise  with  principals 
and  teachers,  counsel  district  trustees,  and  shall  labor  in  every 
way  to  awaken  public  interest  and  to  improve  educational  con- 
ditions within  the  county. 

By-law  19. 

The  county  superintendent  shall  devote  at  least  90  full  days  each  year  to  visit- 
ing the  schools  of  his  county.  He  shall  carefully  inspect  the  school  plant  and  equip- 
ment ;  observe  the  methods  of  the  teacher  ;  test  the  proficiency  of  pupils  in  their 
school  work ;  inquire  into  all  matters  of  instruction,  discipline,  and  management 
of  the  school,  and  advise  with  the  teacher  for  their  improvement ;  and  report  his 
findings  to  the  county  board  of  education.  He  shall  personally  visit  each  school 
in  the  county  at  least  once  each  year. 

When  only  one  supervisor  of  the  elementary  schools  is  employed  in  any  county, 
such  supervisor  should  be  assigned  to  the  one-teacher  rural  schools. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

72H.  The  county  superintendent  of  schools  shall  grade  and 
standardize,  subject  to  the  rules  and  regulations  of  the  State 
Board  of  Education,  all  the  public  schools  of  the  county,  and  shall 
recommend,  the  same  for  approval  to  the  county  board  of  edu- 
cation. 

By-law  20. 

He  shall  cause  to  be  held  twice  in  each  scholastic  year  an  examination  of  pupils 
above  the  third  grade  in  the  various  branches  of  their  grade.  The  first  examina- 
tion shall  be  held  in  the  month  of  January  of  each  year,  and  the  second,  during 
the  last  week  of  the  school  year,  or  the  week  preceding.  Each  examination  shall 
be  based  upon  the  half  of  the  year's  work  prescribed  in  the  course  of  study.  The 
questions  for  the  test  for  the  first  half  of  the  work  prescribed  in  the  course  of  study 
shall  be  prepared  by  the  county  superintendent,  or,  at  his  discretion,  by  the  teach- 
ers, and  a  copy  of  such  questions  prepared  by  the  teachers,  together  with  the 
answer  papers  written  by  the  pupils,  shall  be  preserved  at  the  school  house  tor 
six  months  and  be  open  to  the  inspection  of  any  interested  person.  The  ques- 
tions for  the  examination  based  upon  the  second  half  of  the  work  prescribed  in  the 
course  of  study  shall  be  prepared  by  the  county  superintendent,  or  under  his  direc- 
tion in  his  office,  and  sent  to  each  principal  teacher  in  due  time ;  and  the  package 
containing  the  questions  shall  not  be  opened  until  the  day  of  the  examination.  The 
county  superintendent  shall  prepare  a  schedule  of  examinations  which  shall  be  fol- 
lowed in  all  schools  in  his  county.  The  examination  questions  and  answer  papers 
shall  be  preserved  at  the  school  house  for  six  months,  and  shall  be  accessible  to 
any  interested  person. 


32  PUBLIC    SCHOOL    LAWS 

1916,  ch.  506. 

721.  The  county  superintendent  of  schools  shall  prepare 
courses  of  study,  subject  to  the  rules  and  regulations  and  the 
courses  of  study  of  the  State  Board  of  Education,  for  the  public 
schools  of  the  county,  and  shall  recommend  the  same  for  adoption 
by  the  county  board  of  education. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

72J.  The  county  superintendent  of  schools  shall  prepare  lists 
of  such  text  books,  supplementary  readers,  materials  of  instruc- 
tion, stationery  and  school  supplies,  school  furniture,  equipment 
and  apparatus,  as  are  needed  by  the  schools,  and  shall  recommend 
the  purchase  and  distribution  of  the  same  by  the  county  board 
of  education. 

1918,  cb.  494. 

73.  The  county  superintendent  of  schools,  acting  under  the 
rules  and  regulations  of  the  county  board  of  education,  shall  be 
responsible  for  the  administration  of  the  office  of  the  county 
superintendent  of  schools.  He  shall  nominate,  for  appointment 
by  the  county  board  of  education,  all  the  professional,  clerical, 
statistical  and  stenographic  assistants  of  the  office ;  he  shall  recom- 
mend their  removal  for  immorality,  misconduct  in  office,  incom- 
petency,  insubordination,  or  wilful  neglect  of  duty,  and  he  shall 
see  that  all  regular  appointees  of  the  county  board  of  education 
devote  their  entire  time  to  their  duties.  But  the  qualifications  of 
all  appointments,  their  tenure  and  compensation  except 'as  may 
hereinafter  be  provided,  shall  be  determined  by  the  county  board 
of  education.  The  office  of  the  county  superintendent  of  schools 
shall,  beginning  with  the  school  year  1916-1917  be  provided  as 
follows  with  professional,  clerical,  statistical  and  stenographic 
assistants;  provided  that  all  professional,  clerical,  statistical  and 
stenographic  assistants  holding  office  at  the  time  of  the  enactment 
of  this  section  shall  continue  to  serve  to  the  end  of  the  terms  for 
which  they  were  originally  appointed,  and  until  their  successors 
qualify,  unless  removed  as  herein  provided ;  and  provided  further, 
that  they  shall  be  paid,  beginning  with  the  school  year  1916-1917, 
on  the  basis  of  the  salaries  herein  specified: 

(1)  In  each  county  employing  not  less  than  one  hundred  (100) 
teachers  there  shall  be  appointed  at  least  one  primary  grade  super- 
visor, who  shall  receive  such  compensation  as  the  county  board  of 


OP  MARYLAND.  33 

education  shall  direct;  provided,  that  no  person  shall  be  eligible 
for  appointment  as  a  supervisor  who  does  not  hold  from  the  State 
Superintendent  of  Schools  a  certificate  in  supervision  as  pro- 
vided for  in  Section  55  of  this  Article ;  nor  shall  the  appointment 
of  any  person  by  the  county  board  of  education  as  a  supervisor  be 
valid  without  the  written  approval  of  the  State  Superintendent  of 
Schools.  And  provided  further,  that  no  supervisor,  appointed 
under  the  provisions  of  this  section  or  continued  in  office  under 
the  provisions  of  this  section,  shall  .be  paid  an  annual  salary  of 
less  than  twelve  hundred  ($1,200.00)  dollars,  and  the  State  of 
Maryland  shall  pay,  as  hereinafter  provided,  out  of  the  General 
State  School  Fund  to  the  treasurer  of  the  county  school  board 
one-half  of  the  annual  salary  of  one  primary  grade  supervisor  up 
to  and  including  an  annual  salary  of  two  thousand  ($2,000.00) 
dollars.  County  boards  of  education  are  free  to  employ  as  many 
additional  supervisors  as  in  their  judgment  are  necessary,  but  the 
State  shall  not  share  in  the  payment  of  their  salaries.  Provided, 
that  in  counties  employing  less  than  one  hundred  (100)  teachers, 
the  county  board  of  education  may  employ  at  least  one  primary 
grade  supervisor,  subject  to  and  under  the  foregoing  conditions. 
Provided,  further,  that  two  counties  each  emnj.oying  less  than  one 
hundred  (100)  teachers  may  join,  with  the  approval  of  the  State 
Superintendent  of  Schools  in  the  employment  of  at  least  one 
primary  grade  supervisor,  subject  to  and  under  the  foregoing 
conditions. 

(2)  There  shall  be  appointed  in  each  county  at  least  one  at- 
tendance officer,  whose  duty  it  shall  be  to  compel  the  regular  at- 
tendance of  children  at  school.  Such  person  shall  receive  such 
compensation  as  the  county  board  of  education  shall  direct,  pro- 
vided that  the  appointment  of  any  person  as  an  attendance  officer 
shall  be  invalid  without  the  written  approval  of  the  State  Superin- 
tendent of  Schools.  And  provided  further,  that  no  attendance 
officer  appointed  under  the  provision  of  this  section  or  continued 
in  office  under  the  provision  of  this  section,  shall  be  paid  an  annual 
salary  of  less  than  six  hundred  ($600.00)  dollars,  and  the  State  of 
Maryland  shall  pay,  as  hereinafter  provided,  out  of  the  General 
State  School  Fund  to  the  treasurer  of  the  county  board  of  educa- 
tion one-half  of  the  annual  salary  of  one  attendance  officer,  up 
to  and  including  an  annual  salary  of  twelve  hundred  dollars 


34  PUBLIC    SCHOOL    LAWS 

($1,200.00).  County  boards  of  education  are  free  to  employ  as 
many  additional  attendance  officers  as  in  their  judgment  are  neces- 
sary, subject  to  the  approval  of  the  State  Superintendent  of 
Schools,  but  the  State  shall  not  share  in  the  payment  of  their 
salaries.  Provided,  the  State  Board  of  Education  in  its  discretion 
may  excuse  any  county  from  employing  an  attendance  officer  and 
may  designate  the  county  superintendent  of  schools,  the  primary 
supervisor  or  the  statistical  clerk  to  perform  the  duties  of  the 
attendance  officer,  and  when  so  designated  the  proportional  part 
allowed  each  county  for  salary  for  such  work  shall  be  used  for 
general  school  purposes. 

(3)  There  shall  be  employed  in  each  county  at  least  one  sta- 
tistical and  stenographic  jilerk. 

(4)  And  such  other  clerical,  statistical  and  stenographic  as- 
sistants and  such  other  professional  assistants,  assistant  superin- 
tendents, supervisors,  attendance  officers,  medical  inspectors  and 
school  nurses  as  the  county  board  of  education  shall  authorize; 
provided,  that  no  professional  assistant  shall  be  appointed  who 
does  not  hold  the  appropriate  certificate  issued  by  the  State  Super- 
intendent of  Schools,  and  the  appointment  of  no  professional  as- 
sistant shall  be  valid  without  the  written  approval  of  the  State 
Superintendent  of  Schools. 

By-law  21. 

The  county  board  of  education  shall  appoint,  not  later  than  June  fifteenth  of 
each  year,  the  professional  and  clerical  assistants  of  the  county  superintendent, 
and  fix  their  salaries  ;  provided,  no  person  shall  be  employed  as  attendance  officer 
unless  such  person  shall  have  academic  and  professional  preparation  equivalent  to 
that  represented  by  an  elementary  school  teacher's  certificate  of  the.  first  grade. 
A  vacation  of  at  least  one  month  shall  be  given  each,  the  time  for  which  shall  be 
determined  by  the  county  superintendent.  Under  the  direction  of  the  county 
superintendent,  the  attendance  officer  •  shall  keep  a  record  of  each  child  in  the 
county  between  the  ages  of  six  and  eighteen  years,  and  submit  to  the  board  for 
the  biennial  census  the  number  of  such  children  on  or  before  June  1,  1918,  and 
every  two  yea-rs  thereafter. 

By-law  22. 

The  State  Superintendent  of  Schools  shall  report  to  the  State  Board  of  Educa- 
tion at  its  next  subsequent  meeting,  the  names  and  qualifications  of  all  super- 
intendents, supervisors,  and  attendance  officers  approved  under  authority  of  Sections 
72  and  73  of  Chapter  506  of  the  Acts  of  1916,  together  with  a  statement  of  the 
amount  of  their  salaries  to  be  borne  by  the  State. 

By-law  23. 

The  county  board  of  education  shall  provide  suitable  office  desks  for  the  sup- 
ervisor and  the  attendance  officer,  both  of  whom  are  professional  assistants  of  the 
county  superintendent  and  part  of  the  office  force.  When  not  visiting  schools  or 
otherwise  officially  employed,  they  shall  spend  their  time  in  the  office  performing 
such  duties,  consistent  with  their  positions,  as  may  be  assigned  by  the  county 
superintendent;  and  they  shall  not  engage  in  any  other  gainful  occupation  while 
filling  their  respective  positions. 

1916,  ch.  506. 
74.     The  county  board  of  education  shall  provide  the  office  of 


OF  MARYLAND.  •  35 

the  county  superintendent  of  schools  with  ample,  convenient,  and 
comfortable  quarters,  and  with  adequate  clerical  equipment;  and 
the  county  superintendent  of  schools  and  his  professional  assist- 
ants shall  be  provided  with  such  means  of  transportation  as 
are  necessary  for  the  effective  and  efficient  performance  of  their 
official  duties.  They  shall  be  reimbursed  for  all  actual  and  neces- 
sary traveling  and  other  expenses  and  disbursements  incurred  or 
made  by  them  in  the  performance  of  their  official  duties,  and  no 
part  of  the  traveling  or  personal  expenses  of  the  county  superin- 
tendent and  his  professional  assistants  incurred  in  the  perform- 
ance of  their  official  duties  shall  be  included  in,  or  counted  as  a 
part  of  their  annual  salary. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

75.  The    county   superintendent    of   schools    shall    direct   the 
taking  of  the  biennial  school  census  provided  for  in  sections  21B 
and  25M  of  this  article. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

76.  The  county  superintendent  of  schools  shall  take  the  initia- 
tive in  the  preparation  and  presentation  of  the  annual  school 
budget,  and  shall  in  every  way  seek  to  secure  adequate  funds 
from  the  local  authorities  for  the  support  and  development  of  the 
public  schools  of  the  county. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

77.  The  county  superintendent  of  schools,  acting  as  the  execu- 
tive officer  of  the  county  board  of  education,  shall  conduct  all 
correspondence,  receive  all  reports  from  the  board  of  district  trus- 
tees, .principals,  and  teachers,  and  shall  see  that  all  reports  are 
properly  made  and  submitted.    He  shall  prepare,  or  cause  to  be 
prepared,  and  submit  to  the  county  board  of  education  for  adop- 
tion, all  reports  required  of  that  board  by  the  State  Board  of  Edu- 
cation or  the  State  Superintendent  of  Schools,  and  he  shall  pre- 
pare, or  cause  to  be  prepared,  and  submit  for  approval,  to  the 
county  board  of  education,  the  annual  report  addressed  to  the 
people  of  the  county,  provided  for  in  section  29  of  this  article. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

78.  The  county  superintendent  of  schools,   as  secretary  and 
treasurer  of  the  county  board  of  education,  shall  give  bond  to  the 


36  PUBLIC    SCHOOL    LAWS 

State  of  Maryland  in  such  penal  sum  as  the  board  shall  determine. 
Said  bond  shall  have  the  security  of  any  guaranty,  deposit,  trust, 
or  other  similar  company  duly  authorized  under  the  laws  of 
Maryland  to  act  in  such  capacity.  The  cost  or  fee  for  such  se- 
curity shall  be  paid  by  the  county  board  of  education,  and  said 
bond,  when  executed,  shall  be  filed  in  the  office  of  the  clerk  of 
the  court  of  the  county.  The  bond  shall  provide  that  the  secre- 
tary and  treasurer  will  faithfully  perform  the  duties  of  the  office 
and  pay  over  and  apply  all  moneys  that  shall  come  to  his  hand 
or  care  as  treasurer  to  such  persons  and  in  such  manner  as  said 
board  may,  under  the  provisions  of  this  article,  direct,  and  that 
he  will  keep  a  full  acc'ount  of  all  moneys  received  and  paid  by 
him,  and  all  matters  relating  to  the  duties  of  his  office  and  pre- 
serve the  same  and  all  vouchers  relating  thereto,  and  deliver  up 
all  books  and  vouchers  relating  to  his  office  to  his  successor. 

1918,  ch.  473. 

78-A.  The  county  superintendent  of  schools  as  treasurer  of 
the  county  board  of  education  in  the  several  counties  is  hereby 
authorized  and  directed  to  deposit  daily  all  public  funds  and 
moneys  which  shall  come  into  his  hands  for  or  on  account  of  the 
public  schools,  in  such  bank,  banks,  or  banking  institutions  in  his 
county  which  will  agree  to  pay  the  highest  rate  of  interest,  in  no 
case  to  be  less  than  2  per  cent,  per  annum,  compounded  semi- 
annually,  upon  the  daily  balances,  such  bank,  banks  or  banking 
institutions  to  be  selected  and  designated  by  the  county  board  of 
education  of  said  county.  The  interest  received  on  the  deposits 
shall  be  credited  semi-annually  to  the  school  funds  and  become  a 
part  of  said  funds  to  be  accounted  for  by  the  superintendent  of 
schools  in  the  same  manner  as  the  other  school  funds. 


CHAPTER  5— The  District  Board  of  School  Trustees. 

1918,  ch.  391. 

31.     Every    district   board    of   school   trustees    shall   hold   an 
annual  meeting  each  year  on  the  third  Saturday  in  May,  or  as 
soon  thereafter  in  May  as  possible.     At  this  meeting  the  board, 
shall  each  year  appoint  one  of  its  members  as  chairman,   and 
shall  give  notice  of  such  appointment  to  the  secretary  of  the 


OF  MARYLAND.  37 

county  board  of  education.  Other  regular  meetings  shall  be 
held  at  least  once  each  school  term,  and  such  special  meetings 
shall  be  held  as  the  duties  and  business  of  the  board  shall  require. 
,  The  principal  teacher  of  the  school  district  shall  be  the  secretary 
for  the  board  and  shall  attend  all  meetings  of  the  board  except 
when  the  board  is  in  executive  session ;  and  shall  with  the  consent 
of  the  majority  of  the  members  of  the  board  present  have  the 
right  to  speak  upon  all  questions,  but  shall  have  no  right  to 
vote ;  shall  prepare  for  adoption  all  reports  required  by  the 
county  board  of  education;  shall  keep  all  records  and  accounts; 
shall  keep  the  minutes  of  the  meetings  of  the  board  in  a  record 
book  provided  by  the  county  board  of  education,  and  shall  con- 
duct the  correspondence  of  the  board.  Any  teacher  of  the  school 
district  shall  have  the  right  to  appear  before  the  board  and  speak 
upon  any  question,  but  no  teacher  or  principal  teacher  shall  be 
entitled  to  be  present  before  the  said  board  when  the  board  is  in 
executive  session. 

The  district  board  of  school  trustees  shall  have  the  power,  by 
unanimous  vote,  to  'refuse  to  accept  the  original  assignment  of 
any  teacher  who  is  provided  for  in  any  school  under  the  board's 
jurisdiction,  and  upon  .the  notification  of  such  refusal,  the  county 
superintendent  shall  name  another  teacher  for  each  teacher  so 
refused  by  the  district  board.  Provided,  however,  that  the 
county  superintendent  shall  not  be  required  to  name  more  than 
three  teachers  for  any  one  place  in  said  school. 

Xo  teacher  shall  have  the  power  to  dismiss  pupils  or  close  the 
school  during  school  hours  unless  in  case  of  emergency  without 
the  consent  of  the  district  board  of  school  trustees*  or  the  county 
superintendent  or  the  county  board  of  education. 

A  majority  of  the  board  of  school  trustees  shall  have  the 
power  to  appoint  a  janitor  for  schools  under  their  jurisdiction. 
One  or  more  of  the  district  board  of  school  trustees  may  visit 
the  schools  under  their  jurisdiction  at  least  once  each  month  and 
consult  with  the  teachers  and  principal  of  the  school  as  to  the 
progress  of  pupils,  condition  and  cleanliness  of  the  school,  and 


*NOTE:  This  section  does  not  give  the  district  board  of  school  trustees 
authority  to  order  the  school  closed.  It  only  gives  them  power  to  approve  the 
request  of  the  principal  or  teacher  to  close  the  school.  The  principal  in  turn 
is  subject  to  the  rules  of  the  county  board  of  education  adopted  under  the 
provisions  of  Section  25A,  page  20. 


38  PUBLIC    SCHOOL    LAWS 

the  grounds  belonging  to  same,  and  give  such  aid  as  in  their 
power  for  the  advancement  of  said  school. 

By-law  24. 

District  boards  of  school  trustees  shall  meet  in  the  school  building  on  Saturday 
preceding  the  day  for  opening  the  schools  for  the  scholastic  year,  have  present  the 
principal  teacher,  and  discuss  the  general  policy  of  conducting  the  school,  and  take 
definite  steps  toward  making  the  school  a  real  center  for  the  community's  civic, 
educational,  and  social  activities. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

31A.  The  district  board  of  school  trustees  shall  have  the  care 
of  the  buildings  and  land  connected  therewith  intended  for  school 
purposes,  also  the  school  apparatus  and  other  school  property. 
They  shall  attend  to  all  incidental  repairs  and  charge  the  cost 
among  the  incidental  expenses  of  the  school,  to  be  paid  out  of 
the  taxes  levied  upon  the  assessable  property  of  the  county  as 
provided  for  in  section  26  of  this  article.  Provided  that  when 
repairs  are  to  be  paid  out  of  county  school  taxes,  the  amount  to 
be  so  expended  shall  be  approved  by  the  county  superintendent 
of  schools  and  authorized  by  the  county  board  of  education,  be- 
fore the  repairs  are  made. 

By-law  25. 

District  boards  of  school  trustees  shall  meet  each  year  at  the  call  of  the 
chairman  of  the  board  at  least  two  months  before  the  date  of  making  the  county 
levy,  to  consider  the  condition  and  needs  of  the  school  property,  and  shall  report  their 
findings,  together  with  their  recommendations,  to  the  county  board  of  education. 

By-law  26. 

Immediately  on  the  termination  of  the  school  year,  or  upon  the  teacher's  vacating 
the  school,  he  or  she  shall  make  secure  the  school  house  and  deliver  the  keys 
thereof  to  the  chairman  of  the  district  board  of  school  trustees,  taking  a  receipt 
therefor. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

31B.  The  district  board  of  school  trustees  shall  visit  the 
schools,  advise  the  teachers  on  questions  of  discipline,  and  shall 
seek  in  every  way  to  develop  public  sentiment  in  support  of  the 
schools.  In  case  of  dissatisfaction,  they  may  file,  with  the  county 
board  of  education,  written  charges  requesting  the  removal  of 
the  principal  teacher. 

By-law  27. 

The  district  board  of  school  trustees  shall  attend  the  annual  public  exhibition 
of  school  work  and  assist  the  teacher  in  determining  the  comparative  merit  of  each 
part-  of  the  exhibit.  They  shall  announce  the  decision  of  the  excellence  of  the  indi- 
vidual exhibits  and  award  the  prizes  whenever  given. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

32.  The  district  board  of  school  trustees  shall  see  that  the 
water-closets  or  outhouses  connected -with  the  school  are  kept 
clean,  comfortable,  and  in  a  sanitary  and  hygienic  condition. 

1918,  ch.  203. 
1.     The  county  school  superintendents  of  Maryland  are  hereby 


OP  MARYLAND.  39 

authorized  to  enlarge  the  usefulness  and  increase  the  efficiency 
of  public  property  by  allowing  the  use  of  public  school  houses 
for  farmers'  meetings,  public  speakings,  lectures,  entertainments, 
church  festivals,  Red  Cross  meetings,  Y.  M.  C.  A.  meetings  and 
any  other  purposes  which  are  for  the  civic  welfare.* 

1918,  ch.  203. 

2.  Said  public  school  houses  are  to  be  used  for  said  purposes 
only  on  the  condition  and  after  written  application  is  made  to 
the  county  school  superintendent  having  jurisdiction,  and  that 
said  application  is  signed  by  at  least  three  of  the  reputable  and 
responsible  citizens  and  tax-payers  of  the  county  in  which  said 
school  house  is  located. 

1918,  ch.  203. 

3.  Said  school  houses  are  to  be  used  for  said  purposes  only 
at  such  times  as  there  are  no  regular  or  special  school  sessions 
in  progress. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

34.  No  schoolhouse  shall  be  used  for  any  other  purpose  than 
public  school  purposes  and  .school  district  meetings  unless  by 
consent  of  the  county  board  of  education;  provided,  however, 
whenever  an  application  is  made  to  the  district  board  of  school 
trustees,  signed  by  twenty-five  citizens  in  the  school  district 
where  the  said  school  is  situated,  requesting  the  use  of  the  school 
building  for  a  non-partisan  gathering  of  citizens  for  the  presenta- 
tion and  discussion  of  public  questions  or  for  other  civil,  social,  or 
recreational  activities,  the  said  school  authorities  shall  allow  the 
free  use  of  such  school  building  or  grounds  of  same  for  the  pur- 
poses enumerated  above;  provided,  however,  said  meetings  shall, 
be  held  during  those  hours  when  the  school  buildings  are  not 
being  used  for  their  principal  purpose. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

34A.  When  the  citizens  of  any  community  are  organized  into 
a  non-partisan,  non-sectarian,  non-exclusive  association  for  the 
presentation  and  discussion  of  public  questions,  such  organiza- 


*NOTE:  It  will  be  observed  that  this  section  authorizes  but  does  not 
require  the  county  superintendent  to  open  the  school  buildings  for  the  pur- 
poses indicated,  while  Section  34  above  requires  that  the  buildings  be  opened, 
upon  request  of  twenty-five  citizens,  for  meetings  that  are  non-partisan,  non- 
sectarian,  and  non-exclusive  in  character. 


40  PUBLIC    SCHOOL    LAWS 

tions,  upon  request  to  the  county  board  or  the  trustees  of  any 
school,  may,  in  the  discretion  of  the  said  authorities,  have  the 
free  use  of  any  school  building  in  this  State,  for  weekly,  bi- 
weekly, or  monthly  gatherings,  or  at  such  times  as  the  citizens' 
organization  shall  request  or  designate;  provided,  however,  said 
meetings  shall  be  held  during  those  hours  when  the  school  build- 
ings are  not  being  used  for  their  principal  purpose. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

34B.  The  trustees  of  any  schools,  or  the  county  board  of  edu- 
cation, may  provide  for  the  free  and  gratuitous  use  of  school- 
houses  for  such  other  civic,  social,  and  recreational  activities, 
as  in  their  opinion  do  not  interfere  with  the  principal  use  of  the 
said  school  buildings  or  properties. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

340,  The  person  or  persons  making  application  for  the  use  of 
a  schoolhouse  for  a  public  meeting,  shall  be  responsible  for  all 
damage  to  the  property  occurring  at  such  meeting,  ordinary  wear 
and  tear  excepted,  and  upon  failure  of  the  person  or  persons  to 
respond  in  damages  for  any  such  injury  to  the  property,  the 
county  board  of  education  or  the  district  board  of  school  trustees 
in  charge  of  the  schoolhouse  may  refuse  all  future  applications 
for  the  wider  use  of  the  property  until  such  injury  is  repaired, 
without  expense  to  the  board  in  charge  of  the  property.  It 
shall  be  the  duty  of  the  person  or  persons  making  application 
for  the  use  of  a  schoolhouse  for  a  public  meeting  place,  to  place 
the  said  schoolhouse  after  said  meeting  in  as  clean  a  condition  as 
it  was  before  said  meeting,  and  any  failure  upon  the  part  of  said 
person  or  persons,  to  whom  permission  has  been  granted  to  hold 
a  meeting,  to  place  said  schoolhouse  after  s.aid  meeting  in  as 
clean  a  condition  as  it  was  when  said  schoolhouse  was  turned 
over  to  said  person  or  persons  for  said  meeting,  will  warrant  said 
school  authorities  in  refusing  to  allow  any  further  use  of  said 
schoolhouse  to  the  same  parties. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

35.  No  new  schoolhouse  district  shall  be  formed  containing 
less  than  fifty  children  between  the  ages  of  six  and  fourteen  years ; 
nor  shall  any  new  schoolhouse  district  be  formed  if  any  one  of  the 


OF  MARYLAND.  41 

old  districts  affected  has,  after  the  formation  of  the  new  school- 
house  district,  less  than  fifty  children  between  the  ages  of  six  and 
fourteen  years,  except  in  such  unusual  instances  as  may  be  ap- 
proved by  the  State  Superintendent  of  Schools. 

CHAPTER  7— Schools. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

42.  The  schools  under  the  jurisdiction  of  the  county  board  of 
education  shall  be  numbered,  No.  1,  2,  3,  and  so  forth,  of  their  re- 
spective election  districts. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

43.  Elementary  schools  shall  be  kept  open  for  not  less  than  one 
hundred  and  eighty  (180)  actual  school  days  and  for  ten  months 
in  each  year,  if  possible,  and  shall  be  free  to  all  white  youths 
between  six  and  twenty  years  of  age. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

44.  In  every  elementary  school  there  shall  be  taught  good  be- 
havior, reading,  spelling,  penmanship,  arithmetic,  oral  and  written 
English,  geography,  history  of  the  United  States  and  of  Mary- 
land, community  civics,  hygiene  and  sanitation,  and  such  other 
branches  as  the  State  Board  of 'Education  may  from  time  to  time 
prescribe. 

1904,  ch.  584. 

*  45.     The  nature  of  alcoholic  drinks  and  narcotics,  with  special 
instruction  as  to  their  effects  upon  the  human  system,  in  con- 
nection with  the  several  divisions  of  the  subjects  of  physiology 
and  hygiene,  shall  be  included  in  the  branches  of  study  taught 
in  the  common  schools,  and  shall  be  taught  to  and  studied  by 
all  pupils  whose  capacity  will  admit  of  it,  in  all  departments  of 
the  public  schools  of  the  State,  and  in  all  educational  institu- 
tions supported  wholly  or  in  part  by  money  from  the  State ;  and 
^aid  study  shall  be  taught  to  and  studied  by  pupils  in  said  schools 
as  thoroughly  and  in  the  same  manner  as  other  like  branches  are 
there  taught  and  studied,  with  text-books  in  hands  of  pupils, 
where  other  like  branches  are  thus  studied. 

1886,  ch.  495. 

*  46.     It  shall  be  the  duty  of  boards  of  county  school  commis- 
sioners, and  of  the  board  of  commissioners  of  public  schools  of 


42  PUBLIC    SCHOOL    LAWS 

Baltimore  city,  county  superintendents,  superintendents  of  public 
schools  of  Baltimore  city,  and  boards  of  all  educational  institu- 
tions receiving  aid  from  the  State  to  enforce  the  provisions  of 
the  preceding  section. 

47.  Whenever  a  school  numbers  more  than  forty  children  in 
average  attendance,  an  assistant  may  be  employed  by  the  county 
board  of  education,  in  their  discretion;  and  for  every  additional 
forty  children,  one  teacher  may  be  appointed. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

48.  Whenever  the  average  daily  attendance  in  any  school  for 
any  two  consecutive  terms  is  less  than  12  pupils  the  said  school 
may  be  closed  by  the  county  board  of  education,  and  transporta- 
tion provided,  in  the  discretion  of  the  board,  for  the  pupils. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

49.  There  shall  be  held  in  each  school,  once  a  year,  a  public 
exhibition  of  school  work,  of  which  due  notice  shall  be  given,  that 
parents  and  others  interested  in  education  may  attend. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

50.  Schools  shall  be  kept  open  each  weekday,  except  Saturday 
and  holidays,  for  six  hours. 

1872,  ch.  377. 

*  51.  Any  person  who  shall  disturb  any  public  school  in  ses- 
sion shall,  upon  conviction  thereof  before  a  justice  of  the  peace, 
be  deemed  guilty  of  a  misdemeanor,  and  shall  forfeit  and  pay 
twenty  dollars,  to  be  collected  as  other  fines,  to  be  paid  to  the 
board  of  district  school  trustees  for  the  benefit  of  the  schoolhouse 
district ;  or  said  offender  shall  be  imprisoned  not  exceeding  thirty 
days,  or  both,  in  the  discretion  of  the  justice  of  the  peace. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

52.  The  school  year  shall  be  divided  into  four  terms,  which 
shall  be  designated  fall  term,  winter  term,  spring  term,  and  sum- 
mer term ;  and  the  time  of  beginning  and  closing  each  term  shall 
be  regulated  by  the  county  board  of  education;  provided,  that 
the  financial  reports  of  the  schools  of  the  State  shall  be  made  up 
and  rendered  to  the  thirty-first  day  of  July,  inclusive,  of  each  and 
every  year;  and  provided,  further,  that  there  shall  be  no  change 


OF  MARYLAND.  43 

in  or  encroachment  upon  the  holidays  and  vacation  set  forth  and 
established  in  the  following  paragraph : 

The  months  of  July  and  August  shall  be  vacation  throughout 
the  whole  State,  and  the  following  days  shall  be  holidays,  viz: 
Thanksgiving  Day,  and  the  day  after;  from  Christmas  Eve  to 
the  first  day  of  January,  inclusive;  and  from  the  Friday  before 
Easter  to  the  Monday  after  Easter,  inclusive.  On  Washington's 
Birthday  the  schools  shall  devote  a  portion  of  the  day  to  exer- 
cises bearing  011  the  life  and  services  of  "The  Father  of  Our 
Country."  Maryland  Day,  Arbor  Day,  and  Memorial  Day  shall 
be  observed  at  such  a  time  and  in  such  manner  as  the  State  Board 
of  Education  may  direct. 

By-law  28. 

Each  county  board  of  education  shall  hold  annually,  unless  excused  by  the  State 
Board  of  Education,  an  athletic,  field,  school  rally,  and  exhibit  day,  to  which 
patrons  and  friends  of  education  shall  be  invited. 

CHAPTER  8 — Teachers'  Certificates,  Salaries  and  Pensions. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

53.  No  person  shall  be  employed  as  county  superintendent, 
assistant  superintendent,  supervisor,  principal,  or  teacher  unless 
such  person  shall  hold  a  certificate  issued  by  the  State  Superin- 
tendent of  Schools  and  for  the  grade  required  for  the  position, 
but  any  county  of  the  State  may  require  as  a  condition  of  em- 
ployment a  higher  standard  for  a  certificate  of  a  similar  kind  and 
grade  than  is  required  by  the  State.  Provided  that  all  teachers' 
certificates  and  diplomas  in  force  at  the  time  this  section  goes 
into  effect  shall  continue  in  force  for  the  full  time  for  which  they 
were  issued  or  are  valid,  and  shall  remain  valid  for  the  grade 
and  position  for  which  issued.  Provided,  that  no  renewal  or 
extension  of  such  certificates  shall  be  granted  under  this  section 
by  the  State  Superintendent  of  Schools,  nor  shall  the  renewal  or 
extension  of  any  certificate  by  a  county  superintendent  expiring 
between  the  time  this  section  goes  into  effect  and  September  the 
thirtieth,  1916,  be  valid  for  more  than  one  year.  Provided, 
also,  that  no  certificate  issued  by  a  county  superintendent  of 
schools  between  the  time  this  section  goes  into  effect  and  Septem- 
ber thirtieth,  1916,  shall  be  valid  for  more  than  one  year.  Pro- 
vided, further,  that  no  certificate  heretofore  issued  shall  be  valid 
after  this  section  goes  into  effect,  for  appointment  to  the  position 


44  PUBLIC    SCHOOL    LAWS 

of  county  superintendent,  assistant  superintendent,  supervisor, 
high  school  principal,  or  elementary  school  principal  in  elementary 
schools  having  three  or  more  teachers,  including  the  principal, 
except  in  case  of  persons  holding  the  foregoing  positions  at  the 
time  this  section  goes  into  effect,  and  then  valid  only  for  the 
particular  position  they  are  then  holding  and  in  the  particular 
county. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

54.  The  examination  and  certification  of  teachers,  after  Sep- 
tember thirtieth,  1916,  shall  be  a  State  function,  and  all  examina- 
tions for  teachers'  certificates  shall  be  on  uniform  questions  pre- 
pared and  sent  out  by  the  State  Superintendent  of  Schools,  either 
in  person  or  through  his  assistants.     All  examination  papers  shall 
be  forwarded  to,  read  and  graded  by  the  State  Superintendent  of 
Schools,  either  in  person  or  by  his  assistants.    The  county  super- 
intendent shall  render  such  assistance  in  conducting  examinations 
as  may  be   required   by   the   State   Superintendent   of   Schools. 
All  details  connected  with  examinations  for  teachers'  certificates, 
the  renewal  of  the  same,  the  granting  of  such  on  certificates  or 
diplomas,  and  the  conditions  under  which  certificates,  diplomas, 
and  degrees  of  institutions  of  the  State  of  Maryland  and  of  other 
states  will  be  recognized,  not  provided  for  in  this  article,  shall  be 
determined,  subject  to  the  rules  and  regulations  of  the  State  Board 
of  Education,  by  the  State  Superintendent  of  Schools.     He  shall 
issue  a  bulletin  containing  full  information  of  the  time  and  place, 
the  number  and  kinds  of  examinations,  the  rules  and  regulations 
controlling  examinations,  and  the  issuance  of  certificates  on  cre- 
dentials or  diplomas. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

55.  The  certificates  hereafter  to  be  granted  shall  be : 

(1)  A  certificate  in  administration  and  supervision,  valid 
throughout  the  State  for  three  years,  renewable  on  evidence  of 
successful  experience  and  professional  spirit  and  required  of  all 
county  superintendents,  may  be  issued  to  persons  who  are  grad- 
uates of  a  standard  college  or  university,  or  who  have  had  the 
equivalent  in  scholastic  preparation ;  who  have  completed  in  addi- 
tion one  graduate  year's  work  in  education  at  a  recognized  uni- 
versity, including  public  school  administration,  supervision,  and 
method  of  teaching,  or  who  have  had  the  equivalent  in  scholastic 


OF  MARYLAND.  45 

preparation,  and  who  have  had  two  years'  experience  as  a  teacher. 

(2)  A  certificate  in  elementary  school  supervision,  valid 
throughout  the  State  for  three  years,  renewable  on  evidence  of 
successful  experience,  and  required  of  assistant  superintendents 
and  supervisors,  may  be  granted  to  persons  who  are  graduates  of 
a  two  years'  standard  normal  school,  or  who  have  had  the  equiva- 
lent in  scholastic  preparation;  who  have  completed  in  addition 
two  full  academic  years '  work  at  a  standard  college  or  university, 
not  less  than  one-half  of  which  has  been  in  academic  branches 
related  to  the  elementary  school  and  the  remaining  one-half  in 
advanced  elementary  school  methods  and  supervision,  or  who 
have  had  the  equivalent  in  scholastic  preparation,  and  who  have 
had  four  years  of  teaching  experience  in  elementary  schools. 
Such  a  certificate  may  also  be  granted  to  persons  who  are  grad- 
uates of  a  four  years'  course  of  a  standard  college  or  university, 
who  have  completed  one  full  year's  work  at  a  recognized  college 
or  university  in  education,  including  elementary  school  methods 
and  supervision,  and  who  have  had  four  years'  teaching  experi- 
ence in  elementary  schools. 

\3)  A  certificate  in  supervision  (special),  valid  throughout 
the  State  for  three  years,  renewable  on  evidence  of  successful 
experience  and  professional  spirit,  and  required  of  special  super- 
visors in  physical  training,  music,  fine  and  applied  arts,  domestic 
art  and  science,  manual  or  industrial  training,  or  agriculture,  may 
be  granted  to  persons  who  have  completed  a  four  years'  high 
school  course  or  the  equivalent;  who  have  had  four  years  of 
additional  work  of  a  college  grade,  approximately  one-half  of 
which  was  in  general  academic  subjects,  and  approximately  one- 
half  of  which  was  in  the  special  branch  or  branches  for  which 
the  certificate  is  issued,  including  not  less  than  three  hundred 
recitation  hours  in  the  theory  of  education  and  in  the  art  of 
teaching  and  supervising  their  particular  specialty,  and  who  have 
had  four  years  of  experience  in  teaching,  two  of  which  were  in 
their  specialty. 

(4)  A  high  school  principal's  certificate  valid  throughout  the 
State  for  three  years,  renewable  on  evidence  of  successful  expe- 
rience and  professional  spirit,  and  required  in  all  state-aided 
high  schools  and  schools  rated  as  high  schools  by  the  State  Super- 
intendent of  Schools,  may  be  granted  to  persons  who  are  gradu- 


46  PUBLIC    SCHOOL    LAWS 

ates  of  a  standard  college  or  university,  or  who  have  had  the 
equivalent  in  scholastic  preparation;  who  have  had  in  addition 
a  full  year's  graduate  work  at  a  standard  university,  approxi- 
mately one-third  of  which  was  in  advanced  study  related  to  high 
school  branches  and  approximately  two-thirds  in  education,  in- 
cluding high  school  methods,  supervision,  and  administration,  or 
who  have  had  the  equivalent  in  scholastic  preparation,  and  who 
have  had  two  years'  teaching  experience.  Provided  that  for  prin- 
cipals of  high  schools  of  the  second  group,  no  teaching  experience 
shall  be  required. 

(5)  A  high  school  teacher's  certificate  in  the  regular  academic 
studies,  valid  throughout  the  state  for  three  years,  renewable 
011  evidence  of  successful  experience  and  professional  spirit,  and 
required  in  all  state-aided  high  schools  and  all  schools  rated  as 
high  schools  by  the  State  Superintendent  of  Schools,  may  be 
granted  to  persons  who  are  graduates  of  a  standard  college  or 
university,  or  who  have  had  the  equivalent  in  scholastic  prepara- 
tion ;  provided  that  during  their  college  course  at  least  two  high 
school  branches  were  continuously  pursued  for  two  years;  and 
provided  that  they  had  not  less  than  two  hundred  recitation  hours 
of  instruction  in  education,  including  the  aims  of  secondary  edu- 
cation, and  in  the  methods,  observation,  and  practice  teaching 
of  high  school  studies ;  provided  further  that  the  State  Superin- 
tendent of  Schools  may  in  his  discretion  certificate  persons  pos- 
sessing the  foregoing  qualifications  to  teach  in  the  elementary 
schools. 

By-law  29. 

A  graduate  of  a  standard  college  who  pursued  the  prescribed  courses  in  Educa- 
tion, received  the  high  school  teacher's  certificate  for  academic  subjects,  and  who 
fails  to  obtain  a  high  school  teaching  position,  is  authorized  to  teach  in  the  element- 
ary schools.  In  such  cases  the  high  school  certificate  shall  be  recognized  as  an 
elementary  school  certificate  of  the  first  grade,  and  the  teacher  shall  receive  as 
salary  not  less  than  the  amount  paid  teachers  holding  elementary  school  certificates 
of  the  first  grade. 

By-law  30. 

REGULATIONS  GOVERNING  COLLEGE  COURSES  IN  EDUCATION  FOR  HIGH 

SCHOOL  TEACHERS 

1.  Colleges  whose  graduates   are  given  high   school   teachers'   certificates   with- 

out examinations  shall  make  provision  for  at  least  the  following  courses  : 
I.     History  of  Education 
II.     Principles  of  Education 
III.     Educational   Psychology 

IV.     Principles  of  Teaching,  and  Special  Methods  in  High  School  Subjects 
V.     High   School  Organization  and  Classroom  Management 

2.  DEFINITION   OF  COURSES: 

I.  History  of  Education— This  course  shall  introduce  the  student  to  present 
day  problems  of  Education  by  means  of  a  study  of  the  historical  de- 
velopment of  educational  theory  and  practice.  Special  emphasis  shall 
be  placed  upon  the  modern  period.  The  course  shall  include  a  sketch 
of  existing  school  systems  and  their  development.  Stress  shall  be 


OF  MARYLAND.  47 

placed   upon   the    historical   development   of   American   secondary    edu- 
cation. 

II.  Principles  of  Education — This  course  shall  include  the  aims  and  values 
in  Education,  and  the  more  general  biological,  psychological,  and 
sociological  principles  governing  the  process  of  education,  and  the  ap- 
plication of  these  principles  to  the  problems  of  the  secondary  curri- 
culum. 

III.  Educational  Psychology — This  course  shall  cover  the  mental  development 
of  children  during  the  school  ages,  special  attention  being  paid  to 
the  instincts,  the  psychology  of  learning,  and  individual  differences  and 
adolesence. 

IV.  Principles  of  Teaching  and  Special  Methods — This  course  shall  include 
the  general  technique  of  instruction  and  special  methods,  with  special 
reference  to  the  high  school.  In  connection  with  the  course,  there 
shall  be  supervised  observation  of  high  school  teaching  under  typical 
school  conditions,  and  at  least  30  periods  of  supervised  practice  in 
teaching  under  such  conditions.  The  course  shall  treat  the  prepara- 
tion of  lesson  plans,  including  the  actual  preparation  of  plans  for  the 
lessons  taught  in  the  practice  teaching. 

V.  High  School  Organization  and  Classroom  Management — This  course  shall 
include  a  consideration  of  the  following  and  kindred  topics :  class 
management ;  school  discipline ;  student  government ;  student  activi- 
ties ;  differentiation  of  courses ;  electives ;  the  Junior  High  School ; 
program  making ;  supervised  study :  school  hygiene  and  sanitation ; 
community  relations  ;  and  the  measurement  of  the  results  of  teaching. 
.  3.  Not  fewer  than  four  of  the  five  courses  named,  including  IV  and  V,  shall  be 

taken   by  each   applicant,  and  of  the  remaining  three  courses,  course   III 

is  recommended. 

4.  The  instruction  shall  be  given  in  at  least  full  semester  courses,  each  of  not 

less  than  two  recitation  hours  per  week. 

5.  The  number  of  recitation  hours  in  each  course  shall  be  officially  certified  by 

the  college  to  the  State  Superintendent  of  Schools  upon  blanks  furnished 
by  him. 

6.  The   courses   in   Education   shall   be   taken   as   a   regular   part   of  the   under- 

graduate work  ;  or,  if  done  subsequently  thereto,  they  shall  be  pursued 
under  similar  regular  academic  conditions. 

7.  Two  years  of  college  work  shall  be  required  for  entrance  to  college  courses 

in  Education.  It  is  understood  that  this  regulation  may  be  waived  by  the 
college  for  mature  students  who  shall  not,  however,  exceed  in  num- 
ber 10  per  cent  of  the  enrollment  in  any  class. 

8.  The  work   in   Education   shall   be   accepted   by   the    State   Superintendent   of 

Schools  only  when  the  instruction  is  under  the  direction  of  a  regular 
member  of  the  teaching  staff  whose  specific  duty  is  to  give  this  instruc- 
tion, and  who  shall  have  successfully  completed  one  full  year's  graduate 
work  in  Education  at  a  standard  college  or  university. 

9.  While    courses    in   general    psychology,    logic,    ethics,    aesthetics,    philosophy, 

history  of  philosophy,  sociology,  and  the  like,  may  properly  make  up  a 
part  of  the  student's  college  course,  none  of  these  courses  or  any  other 
course  not  lying  strictly  within  the  field  of  Education  shall  be  accepted 
as  meeting  any  part  of  the  200  recitation-hour  requirement  in  Education. 
It  is  recommended  that  students  preparing  for  high  school  teaching  take 
when  possible  the  college  course  in  ethics  and  general  psychology. 

10.  The  law  requires  actual  class  attendance,  with  credit  earned,  for  200  recita- 

tion hours  in  Education  for  the  high  school  teacher's  certificate.  In 
scheduling  courses  in  Education,  the  college  should  allow  a  margin  for 
necessary  absences  in  order  that  students  may  not  fall  short  of  the  200 
recitation  hours. 

11.  For  the  use  of  the  students  in  Education,  at  least  one  hundred  volumes  of 

good  reference  books,  covering  the  courses  outlined  in  the  foregoing,  shall 
be  provided  in  the  college  library,  and  shall  be  easily  accessible  to  the 
students  taking  the  courses. 

By-law  31. 

College  courses  in  education  for  high  schoool  teachers  shall  require  two  years' 
college  work  for  entrance.  It  is  understood  that  this  regulation  may  be  waived  for 
mature  students,  not  to  exceed  ten  per  cent  of  the  registration  in  any  class. 

College  courses  in  education  for  high  school  teachers  shall  be  differentiated  from 
courses  in  education  for  the  elementary  school  teachers. 

College  courses  in  education  for  high  school  teachers  shall  be  taught  by  instruc- 
tors who  have  had  at  least  one  full  year's  graduate  work  in  education  in  a  stand- 
ard college  or  university. 

Approved  courses  in  education  for  elementary  school  teachers  shall  be  taught 
by  instructors  who  under  the  present  school  law  meet  at  least  the  professional 
requirements  for  a  certificate  in  elementary  school  supervision. 


48  PUBLIC    SCHOOL    LAWS 

(6)  A  high  school  teacher's  certificate  in  the  special  branches 
of  music,  manual  or  industrial  training,  domestic  science  and  art, 
fine  and  applied  art,  commercial  branches  or  agriculture,  valid 
throughout  the  State  for  three  years,  renewable  on  evidence  of 
successful  experience  and  professional  spirit,  and  required  in  all 
state-aided  high  schools  and  schools  rated  as  high  schools  by  the 
State  Superintendent  of  Schools,  may  be  granted  to  persons  who 
have  completed  a  four  years'  high  school  course  or  the  equivalent, 
who  have  had  two  years  of  additional  work  of  a  college  grade, 
approximately  one-third  of  which  was  in  general  academic  subjects 
and  approximately  two-thirds  in  the  special  branch  or  branches 
for  which  the  special  high  school  certificate  is  issued,  including 
as  a  part  of  their  preparation  not  less  than  two  hundred  recitation 
hours  in  the  theory  of  education  and  in  the  art  of  teaching  their 
specialty.     Such  a   certificate  may   also  be   granted  to  persons 
having  an  equivalent  academic  and  professional  preparation  on 
examination   of   equivalent    standard,    provided   that    this    sub- 
section shall  not  go  into  effect  until  September  first,  1919. 

(7)  An  elementary  school  principal's  certificate,  valid  through- 
out  the   State   for  three  years,  renewable   on  evidence   of  suc- 
cessful  experience   and   professional  spirit  and   required  in   all 
elementary  schools  having  three  or  more  teachers,  including  the 
principal,  may  be  granted  to  persons  who  have  had  a  four  years' 
high  school  course  or  the  equivalent ;  who  have  completed  a  two 
years'  standard  normal  school   course,   or  the   equivalent,   who 
have  had  in  addition  not  less  than  a  full  half-year's  work  at  a 
recognized  college  or  university  in  elementary  school  methods, 
supervision,  and  administration,  and  who  have  had  three  years 
of  teaching  experience  in  the  elementary  schools.     Such  a  cer- 
tificate may  also  be  granted  to  persons  of  equivalent  academic 
and    professional    preparation    on    examination    of    equivalent 
standard. 

(8)  An   elementary   school   teacher's   certificate   of   the   first 
grade,  valid  for  three  years  in  the   elementary  schools   of  the 
State,  and  renewable  on  evidence  of  successful  experience  and 
professional  spirit,  may  be  issued  to  persons  who  are  graduates 
of  a  four  years'  high  school  or  the  equivalent,  and  who  have 
completed  a  two-year  course  in  a  standard  normal  school  or  the 
equivalent.     Such  a  certificate  may  also  be  granted  to  persons 


OP  MARYLAND.  49 

of  equivalent  academic  and  professional  preparation  on  exami- 
nation of  equivalent  standard. 

(9)  An  elementary  school  teacher's  certificate  of  the  second 
grade,  valid  for  two  years  in  the  elementary  schools  of  the  State, 
may  be  issued  to  graduates  of  standard  high  schools  having  a 
four  years'  course,  or  the  equivalent,  on  examination  in  reading, 
spelling,  penmanship,  arithmetic,  oral  and  written  English, 
geography,  history  of  the  United  States  and  of  Maryland,  com- 
munity civics,  hygiene  and  sanitation,  music,  drawing,  hand- 
work, the  theory  and  practice  of  teaching,  and  such  other  subjects* 
as  may  be  required  by  the  State  Board  of  Education.  Provided 
that  no  applicant  shall  be  granted  such  a  certificate  who  has  not 
completed  at  least  six  weeks  of  professional  preparation  in  a 
standard  institution,  nor  shall  such  certificate  be  issued  to  any 
person  under,  eighteen  years  of  age.  Provided  further,  that  this 
certificate  may  be  renewed  for  a  period  of  two  years  on  evidence 
of  successful  experience  and  completion  of  not  less  than  six 
weeks  of  additional  academic  and  professional  preparation  in  a 
standard  institution.  This  certificate  may  be  renewed  for  a  sec- 
ond time  for  a  period  of  three  years,  next  succeeding  or  other- 
wise, on  evidence  of  successful  experience  and  completion  of 
not  less  than  six  additional  weeks  of  academic  and  professional 
preparation  in  a  standard  institution,  and  so  on  for  an  indefinite 
number  of  three-year  periods,  successive  or  otherwise;  but  this 
certificate  may  not  be  issued  a  second  time  to  the  same  person  on 
examination. 

By-law  32. 

A  teacher  holding  a  second  grade  certificate  may  earn  one  of  the  first  grade  in 
either  of  the  two  following  ways  : 

I.      FIRST   OPTION.     By  School   Credits 

By  completing  the  course  in  a  standard  two  year  normal  school,  or  by  complet- 
ing any  combination  of  courses  and  studies  equivalent  to  such  standard  nor- 
mal school  course..  In  evaluating  courses  and  credits,  a  full  program  of 
studies  (90  recitation  hours)  in  an  approved  summer  school  of  six  weeks 
will  be  counted  one-fourth  of  a  year's  work ;  the  first  three  years  of  successful 
experience  under  supervision  will  be  counted  as  one-fourth  of  a  year's  work 
in  lieu  of  practice  teaching  required  in  a  normal  school  course ;  and  each 
book  of  the  Reading  Circle  completed  will  be  counted  equal  to  one  of  the 
three  courses  usually  pursued  in  a  six-week  summer  school,  so  that  three 
such  books  completed  in  any  one  year  or  in  different  years  will  be  counted 
equal  to  an  approved  summer  school  of  six  weeks.  The  six  weeks  of  pro- 
fessional training  required  for  the  second  grade  shall  also  be  counted  as 
one-fourth  of  a  year  of  the  normal  school  course. 
II.  SECOND  OPTION.  By  Examination 

By  raising  the  average  of  the  grades  attained  in  the  elementary  school  subjects 

prescribed  for  a  second  grade  certificate  to  85  per  cent ;  and 
By  presenting  evidence  of  three  years  of  successful  teaching  experience  ;  and 
By    passing    an    examination    in    a    group .  of    three    subjects    representing    the 
equivalent  of  a  standard  two-year  normal  school  course,  as  follows  : 


*NOTE:     To    these    subjects    the    State    Board    of    Education    has    added 
agriculture. 


50  PUBLIC    SCHOOL    LAWS 

1.  Principles  of  Teaching. 

2.  Special  Methods —  choice  of  one, 

a.  Primary  Grades. 

b.  Grammar  Grades. 

c.  Rural  School. 

3.  School  Organization  and  Management^ 

(.10)  An  elementary  school  teacher's  certificate  of  the  third 
grade,  valid  for  two  years  in  the  elementary  schools  of  the  State, 
may  be  issued  to  persons  having  had  less  than  a  standard  high 
school  course,  on  examination  in  reading,"  spelling,  penmanship, 
arithmetic,  oral  and  written  English,  geography,  history  of  the 
United  States  and  Maryland,  community  civics,  hygiene  and 
sanitation,  the  theory  and  practice  of  teaching,  and  such  other 
subjects*  as  may  be  required  by  the  State  Board  of  Education. 
Provided  that  no  applicant  shall  be  granted  such  a  certificate  who 
has  not  completed  at  least  six  weeks  of  professional  preparation 
in  a  standard  institution,  nor  shall  such  certificate  be  issued  to 
any  person  under  eighteen  years  of  age.  Provided,  that  this  cer- 
tificate may  be  renewed  for  one  year  on  presentation  of  evidence 
of  successful  experience  and  completion  of  not  less  than  six  weeks 
of  additional  academic  and  professional  preparation  in  a  stand- 
ard institution.  Provided  further,  that  this  certificate  may  be 
renewed  for  a  second  time  for  a  period  of  three  years,  next  suc- 
ceeding or  otherwise,  on  evidence  of  successful  experience  and 
completion  of  an  additional  six  weeks  of  academic  and  profes- 
sional preparation  in  a  standard  institution,  and  so  on  for  an 
indefinite  number  of  three-year  periods,  successive  or  otherwise; 
but  this  certificate  may  not  be  issued  a  second  time  to  the  same 
person  on  examination. 

By-law  33. 

A  teacher  holding  an   elementary   school  teacher's   certificate  of  the  third   grade 
may  earn  one  of  the  second  grade  in  either  of  the  two  following  ways  : 

I.  FIRST  OPTION.     By   School  Credits 

By  completing  the  course  in  a  standard  four-year  high  school,  and  passing  the 
examination  in  the  remaining  elementary  school  subjects  (music,  drawing, 
and  handwork)  prescribed  in  the  law  for  a  second  grade  certificate. 

Or,  by  completing  such  courses  at  approved  summer  schools  or  in  any  standard 
institution  during  the  regular  school  year,  or  by  completing  Reading  Circle 
work  with  credits  as  outlined  for  advancing  from  second  to  first  grade  certi- 
ficate, or  by  earning  any  combination  of  such  credits  together  equivalent  to 
a  standard  four-year  high  school  course  and  passing  the  examination  in  the 
three  remaining  subjects  (music,  drawing,  and  handwork)  prescribed  in  the 
law  for  a  second  grade  certificate. 

II.  SECOND  OPTION.     By  Examination 

By  passing  examination  upon  a  group  of  four  subjects  representing  the  funda- 
mentals of  a  standard  four-year  high  school  course,  as  follows  : 

1.  Science;  general  science,  including  laboratory  method  in  teaching  it. 

2.  History;    advanced    American    and    European    history,    including    current 

events. 


*NOTE:     To    these    subjects    the    State    Board    of    Education    has    added 
agriculture. 


OF  MARYLAND.  51 

3.  English;   rhetoric,  and  English  and  American  literature. 

4.  Mathematics;   advanced  arithmetic,  including  the  applications  of  simple 

algebra  and  of  plane  geometry  to  arithmetic. 

And  by  passing  the  three  remaining  elementary  school  subjects  (music,  drawing, 
and  handwork)   prescribed  in  the  law  for  a  second  grade  certificate. 

(11)  County  superintendents  of  schools  may,  with  the  ap- 
proval of  the  State  Superintendent  of  Schools,  in  cases  of  emer- 
gency, issue  provisional  certificates  of  the  different  kinds  and 
grades,  but  a  provisional  certificate  shall  be  valid  only  until  the 
next  state  examination,  and  a  provisional  certificate  may  not  be 
renewed  unless  such  renewal  is  approved  by  the  State  Superin- 
tendent of  Schools. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

56.  Any  county  board  of  education  may,  on  the  recommenda- 
tion of  the  county  superintendent,   suspend  any  teacher,  prin- 
cipal,   supervisor,    or    assistant    superintendent   for    immorality, 
dishonesty,  intemperance,  insubordination,  incompetency,  or  wil- 
ful neglect  of  duty,  and  may  recommend  to  the  State  Superin- 
tendent of  Schools  the  revocation  of  the  certificate  of  such  person, 
stating  in  writing  the  grounds  for  such  recommendations,  and 
giving  an  opportunity,  upon  not  less  than  ten  days'  notice,  to  be 
heard  in  defense,  in  person  or  by  counsel,  and  the  State  Superin- 
tendent of  Schools  may  order  such  investigations  as  he  may  deem 
necessary.     If  he   approves   the  recommendation,   the  teacher's 
certificate  shall  be  revoked  and' the  teacher  shall  be  dropped  from 
the  service. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

57.  The  State  Superintendent  of  Schools  shall  keep  a  full  and 
complete  record  of  the  academic  preparation,  the  professional 
training  and  teaching  experience  of  each  applicant  to  whom  a 
certificate  is  issued.     He   shall  keep  a  complete  record  of  the 
credentials,  certificates  or  diplomas  upon  which  certificates  may 
have  been  issued  or  renewed,  and  shall  keep  on  file  for  at  least, 
six   months  all   written  examination  papers.     He   shall  keep   a 
complete  record  and  file  of  all  certificates  issued  and  of  all  cer- 
tificates in  force.     He  shall  make  known  to  county  superintend- 
ents the  names  of  teachers  holding  certificates  who  are  unem- 
ployed, but  seeking  position, 'and  no  provisional  certificate  may 
be   issued  by  a   county   superintendent  when  it   is   possible   to 
employ  persons  holding  regularly  issued  certificates;  nor  shall 
persons  be  employed  holding  third  grade  certificates,  when  it  is 


52  PUBLIC    SCHOOL   LAWS 

possible  to  employ  persons  holding  second  grade  certificates,  nor 
shall  persons  be  employed  holding  second  grade  certificates  when 
it  is  possible  to  employ  persons  holding  first  grade  certificates. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

58.  Teachers'  certificates  shall  be  of  two  classes:  First  class 
and  second  class.  All  teachers'  certificates  issued  by  the  State 
Superintendent  of  Schools  shall,  when  issued,  be  of  the  second 
class,  and  shall  be  subject  to  classification  by  the  county  super- 
intendent. The  certificates  of  all  the  teachers  employed  shall 
be  classified  by  the  county  superintendent  not  less  than  once  in 
two  years.  In  determining  the  class  of  the  certificate  of  a  par- 
ticular teacher,  the  following  points  are  to  be  considered:  (a) 
Scholarship;  (b)  executive  ability;  (c)  personality,  and  (d) 
teaching  power.  The  county  superintendent  may  add  such  other 
requirements  as  are  approved  by  the  State  Superintendent  of 
Schools.  The  county  superintendent  shall  keep  a  record  of  the 
kind,  grade,  and  class  of  certificate  held  by  each  teacher  em- 
ployed in  the  county,  and  on  or  before  the  first  day  of  October 
each  year,  he  shall  submit  to  the  county  board  of  education  a 
list  of  all  the  teachers  employed,  together  with  the  kind,  grade, 
and  class  of  their  certificates,  and  a  copy  of  this  report  shall  be 
transmitted  to  the  State  Superintendent  of  Schools. 

By-law  34. 

1.  Every  teacher  on  his  or  her  first  appointment  and  before  entering  upon  the 
duties  of  the  position  shall  take  the  following  oath  of  office,  a  copy  of  which  shall 
be  kept  in  the  office  of  the  County  Board  of  Education. 

I ....  i having    been    appointed   a   teacher    in    the   public 

schools  of County,  State  of  Maryland,  do  swear   (or  affirm) 

that  I  will  obey  the  school  law  of  the  State  of  Maryland  and  all  rules  and  regula- 
tions governing  my  position  as  teacher,  passed  in  pursuance  thereof  by  the  proper 
authority  ;  that  I  will,  to  the  best  of  my  skill  and  judgment,  diligently  and  faith- 
fully, without  partiality  or  prejudice,  discharge  the  duties  of  a  teacher  in  the 
public  schools  of  said  county,  including  attendance  on  teachers'  institutes  and  as- 
sociations when  legally  called  thereto,  and  will  honestly  and  correctly  make  all 
reports  as  required  by  law  or  the  school  authorities  of  said  county. 

Teacher 

State  of  Maryland County,   to   wit : 

Sworn  (or  affirmed)   before  the  subscriber by 

teacher,  who  in  my  presence  has  thereto  affixed  h.  .  .  .  signature  this 

day  of..' 19     . 

2.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  teachers  to  see  that  the  school  rooms  are  swept,  dusted, 
and  ventilated  every  day,  and  heated  when  necessary,  and  open  for  the  reception  of 
pupils,  at  least  twenty  minutes  before  the  hour  of  opening,  and  to  see  that  the  house 
is  kept  clean  and  comfortable  at  all  times.     Sweeping  shall  be  done  after  the  school 
has  been  dismissed  each  day,  and  dusting  before  the  school  assembles  each  morning. 
Funds  sufficient  to  compensate  for  this  service  shall  be  provided  by  the  county  board 
of  education,  and  payment  for  this  work,  when  done  by  the  teacher,   shall  not  be 
considered  a  part  of  the  minimum  salary  required  by  law. 

3.  Teachers   shall   organize  and   conduct   their   schools    in    accordance   with    the 
course  of  study  prescribed  by  the  State  Board  of  Education  and  with  supplementary 
suggestions  and  regulations  issued  by  the  county  board  of  education. 

4.  Teachers  and  pupils  are  prohibited  from  using  intoxicants  or  tobacco  in  any 
form  on  the  school  premises  during  school  hours. 


OF  MARYLAND.  53 

5.  Teachers  shall  keep  a  record  of  the  daily  attendance  of  themselves  and  of  each 
pupil  in  a  register  approved  by  the  State  Board  of  Education  and  provided  by  the 
county  board  of  education  for  that  purpose.     This  register  shall  be  preserved  in  good 
condition  and  open  during  school  hours  for  the  inspection  of  the  county  superinten- 
dent, members  of  the  county  board  of  education,  the  supervisor,  the  district  school 
trustees,  and  the  attendance  officer,  whenever  desired.     Failure  by  teachers  to  keep 
an  accurate  register  and  to  make  out  required  reports  shall  be  sufficient  cause  for 
withholding  salaries  and  other  money  due  them  until  these  requirements  are  met. 

6.  No  person  shall  act  as  a  substitute  for  a  teacher  for  move  than  three  days 
unless  such  person  shall  hold  a  teacher's  certificate.     Salary  may  be  withheld  if  this 
regulation  be  violated.     When  it  is  necessary   for  a  teacher  to  be  absent  for  any 
reason,  she  shall  report  to  the  county  superintendent,  who  shall  designate  a  substi- 
tute.    If  a  teacher  absents  himself  contrary  to  this  regulation,  he  shall  forfeit  his 
salary  for  the  time  lost,  and  incur  such  other  penalty  as  the  county  bo&rd  may  pre- 
scribe.    No  substitute  who  was  not  assigned  to  the  school  by  the  county  superinten- 
dent, or  whose  assignment  is  not  approved  by  him,  shall  be  entitled  to  compensation. 

7.  For  each  day's  absence  from  school  without  good  and  sufficient  reasons  accepted 
by  the  county  board  of  education,  the  teacher  shall  forfeit  the  proportionate  amount 
of  salary  for  the  time  so  lost.     Every  regularly  employed  teacher  who  shall  submit 
satisfactory  proof  to  the  county  board  of  education,  shall  be  allowed  not  more  than 
twenty  days  of  the  school  year  for  actual  sickness  ;  and  the  county  board  of  education 
shall  pay  to  the  teacher,  for  the  number  of  days  thus  lost,  one-half  of  the  salary 
received  for  the  same  number  of  days  when  in  actual  service.     No  time  lost  by  a 
teacher,  whether  from  sickness  or  any  other  cause,  shall  be  made  up  by  teaching  on 
Saturdays   or  legal   holidays  or  at  extra  hours.     The  days   of  absence   and   causes 
therefor  shall  be  noted  in  the  monthly  report,  and  the  secretary  of  the  county  board 
of  education  shall  keep  a  correct  record  of  the  same  in  appropriate  form. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

59.  The  salaries  of  teachers  shall  hereafter  be  paid  monthly, 
during  the  school  year,  on  or  before  the  tenth  day  of  the  calendar 
month  succeeding  that  for  which  the  salary  is  due.     No  teacher 
shall  be  entitled  to  receive  payment  for  services  unless  all  the 
current  records  of  the  school  have  been  kept  with  care  and  accu- 
racy, and  unless  all  reports  required  by  the  county  superintendent 
of  schools  have*  been  properly  made  and  submitted. 

1918,  ch.  106. 

60.  No  white  teacher  regularly  employed  in  a  public  school 
of  the  State  of  Maryland  shall  receive  a  salary  of  less  than  four 
hundred  dollars    ($400)    per  school  year.     Provided,  if   such   a 
teacher  holds  a  third  grade  certificate  of  the  first  class  and  has 
taught  in  the  public  schools  of  the  State  of  Maryland  for  a  period 
of  three  years,  such  teacher  shall  receive  a  salary  of  not  less  than 
four  hundred  and  twenty -five   dollars    ($425)    per  school  year. 
Provided,  further,  if  such  a  teacher  holds  a  third  grade  certificate 
of  tjie  first  class  and  has  taught  in  the  public  schools  of  Maryland 
for  a  period  of  five  years,  such  teacher  shall  receive  a  salary  of  not 
less  than  four  hundred  and  fifty  dollars  ($450)  per  school  year. 
Provided,  that  no  white  teacher  regularly  employed  in  a  public 
school  of  the  State  of  Maryland,  holding  a  third  grade  certificate 
of  .the  first  class  ^nd  who  has  taught  in  the  public  schools  of  the 
State  of  Maryland  for  a  period  of  eight  years,  shall  receive  a  salary 


54  PUBLIC    SCHOOL   LAWS 

of  less  than  four  hundred  and  seventy-five  dollars    ($475)    per 
school  year. 

No  white  teacher  regularly  employed  in  a  public  school  of  the 
State  of  Maryland,  holding  a  second  grade  certificate,  shall  receive 
a  salary  of  less  than  four  hundred  and  fifty  dollars  ($450)  per 
school  year.  Provided,  if  such  a  teacher  holds  a  second  grade  cer- 
tificate of  the  first  class  and  has  taught  in  the  public  schools  of 
the  State  of  Maryland  for  a  period  of  three  years,  such  teacher 
shall  receive  a  salary  of  not  less  than  four  hundred  and  seventy- 
five  dollars  ($475)  per  school  year.  Provided,  if  such  a  teacher 
holds  a  second  grade  certificate  of  the  first  class  and  has  taught  in 
the  public  schools  of  the  State  of  Maryland  for  a  period  of  five 
years,  such  teacher  shall  receive  a  salary  of  not  less  than  five  hun- 
dred dollars  ($500)  per  school  year.  Provided,  further,  if  such  a 
teacher  holds  a  second  grade  certificate  of  the  first  class  and  has 
taught  in  the  public  schools  of  the  State  of  Maryland  for  a  period 
of  eight  years,  such  teacher  shall  receive  a  salary  of  not  less  than 
five  hundred  and  twenty-five  dollars  ($525)  per  school  year. 

No  white  teacher  regularly  employed  in  a  public  school  of  the 
State  of  Maryland  holding  a  first  grade  certificate,  shall  receive  a 
salary  of  less  than  five  hundred  dollars  ($500)  per  school  year. 
Provided,  if  such  a  teacher  holds  a  first  grade  certificate  of  the 
first  class  and  has  taught  in  the  public  schools  of  the1  State  of  Mary- 
land for  a  period  of  three  years,  such  teacher  shall  receive  a  salary 
of  not  less  than  five  hundred  and  twenty-five  dollars  ($525)  per 
school  year.  Provided,  further,  if  such  a  teacher  holds  a  first 
grade  certificate  of  the  first  class  and  has  taught  in  the  public 
schools  of  Maryland  for  a  period  of  five  years,  such  teacher  shall 
receive  a  salary  of  not  less  than  five  hundred  and  fifty  dollars 
($550)  per  school  year.  And  provided,  further,  if  such  a  teacher 
holds  a  first  grade  certificate  of  the  first  class  and  has  taught  in 
the  public  schools  of  the  State  of  Maryland  for  a  period  of  eight 
years,  such  a  teacher  shall  receive  a  salary  of  not  less  than  six 
hundred  dollars  ($600)  per  school  year. 

No  white  elementary  school  principal,  holding  an  elementary 
school  principal's  certificate,  shall  receive  a  salary  of  less  than 
five  hundred  and  fifty  dollars  ($550)  per  school  year;' provided, 
that  if  such  principal  holds  an  elementary  school  principal's  cer- 
tificate of  the  first  class,  and  has  taught  in  the  public  schools  of 


OF  MARYLAND.  55 

the  State  of  Maryland  for  a  period  of  three  years,  such  principal 
shall  receive  a  salary  of  not  less  than  five  hundred  and  seventy- 
five  dollars  ($575)  ;  provided,  further,  that  if  such  principal  holds 
an  elementary  school  principal's  certificate  of  the  first  class,  and 
has  taught  in  the  public  schools  of  the  State  of  Maryland  for  a 
period  of  five  years,  such  principal  shall  receive  a  salary  of  not 
less  than  six  hundred  dollars  ($600)  ;  and  provided,  further,  that 
if  such  principal  holds  an  elementary  principal's  certificate  of  the 
first  class,  and  has  taught  in  the  public  schools  of  the  State  of 
Maryland  for  a  period  of  eight  years,  such  principal  shall  receive 
a  salary  of  not  less  than  six  hundred  and  fifty  dollars  ($650). 

The  boards  of  county  commissioners  of  each  county  shall  levy 
sufficient  funds  to  meet  the  scale  of  salaries  provided  for  in  this 
section;  and  the  salary  of  no  teacher  regularly  employed  at  the 
time  this  section  goes  into  effect  shall  be  diminished  by  reason  of 
any  of  its  provisions,  but  every  teacher  or  school  principal  shall 
be  entitled  to  any  increase  in  salary  that  may  herein  be  granted, 
from  the  time  this  section  goes  into  effect. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

62.  Whenever  any  person  in  this  State  has  taught  in  any  of 
the  public  or  normal  schools  thereof  twenty-five  years,  and  has 
reached  the  age  of  sixty  years,  and  his  or  her  record  as  such 
teacher  has  been  without  reproach,  and  by  reason  of  physical  or 
mental  disability  or  infirmity  is  unable  to  teach  longer,  and 
wrho,  moreover,  is  without  the  means  of  comfortable  support,  such 
person  may  lay  his  or  her  case  before  the  State  Superintendent 
of  Schools,  supported  by  the  recommendation  of  the  county  board 
of  education  of  the  county  in  which  such  person  has  last  taught, 
and  the  State  Superintendent  of  Schools  shall  proceed  to  con- 
sider the  same,  and  if  the  facts  are  found  as  above  stated  such 
person  shall  be  placed  on  a  list,  to  be  known  as  "Teachers'  Retired 
List,"  and  every  person  so  placed  on  this  list  shall  be  entitled  to 
receive  a  pension  from  the  State  of  two  hundred  dollars  per  annum, 
to  be  paid  quarterly  by  the  treasurer  of  the  State  Board  of  Edu- 
cation, so  long  as  such  pensioner  is  without  other  means  of  com- 
fortable support,  and  the  State  Superintendent  of  Schools  may 
in  extraordinary  cases  waive  the  age  limit  as  herein  designated. 
Provided,  however,  the  applicant  has  all  the  other  qualifications 
as  herein  specified.  The  treasurer  of  the  State  Board  of  Education 


56  PUBLIC    SCHOOL   LAWS 

shall,  on  or  before  the  last  day  of  September,  December,  March 
and  June  of  each  year,  certify  to  the  Comptroller  the  sum  of 
money  necessary  for  the  payment  of  said  pensions  for  the  current 
quarter  as  provided  by  this  section,  and  the  Comptroller  shall,  on 
or  before  the  first  day  of  the  months  of  January,  March,  June, 
and  October,  issue  his  warrant  on  the  Treasurer  of  the  State  in 
favor  of  the  Treasurer  of  the  State  Board  of  Education  for  the 
amount  so  certified.  On  receipt  of  the  warrant  of  the  Comptroller 
the  Treasurer  of  the  State  of  Maryland  shall  immediately  pay 
the  amount  due  on  said  dates  to  the  Treasurer  of  the  State  Board 
of  Education. 

By-law  35. 

Recommendations  made  by  the  State  Superintendent  of  Schools  of  teachers  for 
the  Teachers'  Retired  List  shall  be  approved  by  the  State  Board  of  Education  be- 
fore any  new  name  is  placed  upon  the  list.  There  shall  be  a  careful  revision  of 
the  list,  under  the  direction  of  the  State  Board  of  Education  at  least  once  in  two 
years. 

CHAPTER  9— Pupils. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

63.  All  white  youths  between  the  ages  of  six  and  twenty-one 
years  shall  be  admitted  into  such  public  schools  of  the  State,  the 
studies  of  which  they  may  be  able  to  pursue ;  provided,  that  when- 
ever there  are  grade  schools,  the  principal  and  the  county  super- 
intendent shall  determine  to  which  school  pupils  shall  be  admitted. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

64.  The  district  board  of  school  trustees  shall  have  power  to 
suspend  and  expel  pupils  for  cause ;  provided,  that  an  appeal  shall 
lie  to  the  county  superintendent,  whose  decision  shall  be  final. 

By-law  36. 

1.  Under  no  circumstances  shall  an  assistant  teacher  inflict  corporal  punishment 
on  a  pupil.     Cases  seeming  to  require  corporal  punishment  shall  be  referred  to  the 
principal,  who  may  administer  corporal  punishment  as  a  last  resort. 

2.  Pupils  shall  not  be  stricken  on  or  about  the  head  in  any  way,  nor  shall  they 
in  any  manner  be  subjected  to  any  brutal  or  unreasonable  punishment. 

3.  The  alternative  to  corporal  punishment  in  case  of  last  resort  is  the  temporary 
suspension   from  school  by  the  principal,  with   notice  to  this  effect  to  the  parent, 
asking  an  interview  before  the  pupil  may  return.     In  such  cases,  the  trustees,  whose 
approval  is  required  to  continue  the  suspension  or  to  make  it  permanent,  shall  be 
notified  at  once  of  the  suspension  and  the  offense. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

65.  Children  living  remote  from  the  school  of  the  district  in 
which  they  reside  may  attend  school  in  an  adjoining  district,  with 
the  consent  of  the  county  superintendent  of  schools. 


OF  MARYLAND.  57 

1872,  ch.  377. 

*  66.  Every  child,  before  being  admitted  to  any  public  school, 
shall  produce  a  certificate  from  a  regular  physician  that  he  has 
been  properly  vaccinated. 

Physical  Education. 

1918,  ch.  269. 

1.  There  shall  be  established  and  -provided  in  all  the  public 
schools  of  this  State  and  in  all  schools  maintained  or  aided  by 
this   State  physical  education  and  training  for  pupils  of  both 
sexes  during  the   following  minimum  periods :     A.    In  the  ele- 
mentary public  schools  at  least  fifteen  minutes  in  each  school  day 
and  also  at  least  one  hour  of  directed  play  outside  of  regular 
class-room  work  in  each  school  week.     B.   In  public  high  schools 
at  least  one  hour  in  each  school  week  and  also  at  least  two  hours 
of  directed  play  or  athletics  for  all  pupils  outside  of  regular  class- 
room work  in  each  school  week. 

2.  The  State  Board  of  Education  upon  recommendation  of  the 
State  Superintendent  of  Schools  shall  appoint  a  Supervisor  of 
Physical  Education  whose  duty  it  shall  be  to  direct  and  carry  out 
the  provisions  of  this  act  under  the  direction  of  the  State  Superin- 
tendent of  Schools.     The  salary  of  such  supervisor  shall  be  fixed 
and  paid  by  the  State  Board  of  Education  out  of  any  funds  in  its 
possession  available  for  this  purpose. 

The  State  Board  upon  recommendation  of  the  State  Super- 
intendent of  Schools  is  hereby  authorized  and  directed  to  appoint 
such  other  assistants  both  clerical,  and  professional  as  shall  be 
necessary  in  the  administration  and  supervision  of  physical  edu- 
cation; and  shall  make  such  -by-laws  and  other  regulations  as 
.shall  be  necessary  to  carry  into  effect  the  provisions  of  this  act. 

3.  Immediately  after  his  appointment  the  Supervisor  of  Physi- 
cal Education,  under  the  direction  of  the  State  Superintendent  of 
Schools,  shall  organize  his  work  and  shall  formulate  the  necessary 
and  proper  plans,  courses  and  regulations  for  carrying  out  the 
provisions  of  this  act  which  when  approved  by  the  State  Board 
of  Education  shall  be  followed  in  providing  physical  education 
and  training  as  required  under  section  1  of  this  act. 


58  PUBLIC    SCHOOL    LAWS 

Vocational  Education. 

1918,  ch.  72. 

1.  The  State  of  Maryland  hereby  accepts  all  of  the  provisions 
and  benefits  of  an  Act  passed  by  the  Senate  and  House  of  Repre- 
sentatives of  the  United  States  of  America,  in  Congress  assembled, 
entitled  "An  Act  to  provide  for  the  promotion  of  vocational  edu- 
cation ;   to  provide  for  cooperation  with  the  States  in  the  promo- 
tion of  such  education  in  agriculture  and  the  trades  and  indus- 
tries;  to  provide  for  cooperation  with  the  States  in  the  prepara- 
tion of  teachers  of  vocational  subjects ;  and  to  appropriate  money 
and  regulate  its  expenditure,"  approved  February  twenty-third, 
nineteen   hundred   and   seventeen. 

1918,  ch.  72. 

2.  The  State  Treasurer  is  hereby  constituted  and  appointed 
the  custodian  of  the  moneys  paid  to  the  State  of  Maryland  for 
vocational  education,  under  the  provisions  of  such  Act,  and  such 
moneys  shall  be  paid  out  in  the  manner  provided  by  such  Act 
for  the  purposes  therein  specified. 

1918,  ch.  72. 

3.  The  State  Board  of  Education  of  the  State  of  Maryland  is 
hereby  designated  as  the  State  Board  for  the  purpose  of  carrying 
into  effect  the  provisions  of  such  Act,  and  is  hereby  authorized 
and  directed  to  cooperate  with  the  Federal  Board  of  Vocational 
Education  in  the  administration  and  enforcement  of  its  provisions, 
and  to  perform  such  official  acts  and  exercise  such  powers  as  may 
be  necessary  to  entitle  the  State  to  receive  its  benefits,  including 
the  power  to  prescribe  standards  of  instruction  and  qualifications 
for  teachers  employed  in  schools  receiving  benefits  under  this 
Act,  and  to  issue  certificates  for  s.uch  teachers. 

1918,  ch.  72. 

4.  The  State  Board  of  Education  shall  have  full  power  to  rep- 
resent the  State  in  any  and  all  matters  in  reference  to  the  expen- 
diture, distribution,  and  disbursements  received  from  the  United 
States  Government  in  said  State,  and  to   appropriate  and  use 
said  moneys  in  whatever  way  will  in  their  discretion  best  subserve 
the  interests  of  the  State  and  carry  out  the  spirit  and  intent  of 
said  Act  of  Congress  in  conformity  with  its  provisions. 


OF  MARYLAND.  59 

1918,  ch.  72. 

5.  Such  Board  is  hereby  authorized  to  make  such  expenditures 
for  the  actual  expenses  of  the  Board  for  the  salaries  of  assistants 
and  for  such  office  and  other  expenses  as,  in  the  judgment  of  the 
Board,  are  necessary  to  the  proper  administration  of  this  Act. 

CHAPTER  10— Text  Books  and  School  Supplies. 

1872,  ch.  377. 

*  67.     School  books  shall  contain  nothing  of  a  sectarian  or  par- 
tisan character. 

1916.  ch.  506. 

68.  The  Board  gf  Public  School  Commissioners  of  Baltimore 
City  and  each  county  board  of  education  shall  adopt  and  pur- 
chase, subject  to  the  provisions  of  this  article,  text  books,  supple- 
mentary readers,  materials  of  instruction,  stationery,  and  school 
supplies  for  use  in  the  public  schools  of  said  city  and  of  the 
several  counties  of  the  State.  When  so  purchased,  the  necessary 
text  books,  supplementary  readers,  materials  of  instruction,  sta- 
tionery and  school  supplies  shall  be  furnished  free  of  cost  for  use 
in  the  public  schools  of  the  State,  provided  that  no  regular  text 
books,  or  series  of  text  books  shall  be  changed  more  often  than 
once  in  three  years.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  Board  of  School 
Commissioners  of  Baltimore  City  and  of  the  county  boards  of 
education  of  the  several  counties  to  furnish  text  books  in  ample 
and  sufficient  quantities  to  the  several  grades  in  the  public 
schools ;  thereafter  supplementary  readers,  materials  of  instruc- 
tion, stationery,  and  school  supplies  shall  be  furnished  in  adequate 
quantities  to  the  several  grades  in  the  public  schools,  provided 
that  parents  or  pupils  may  purchase  their  text  books,  stationery, 
and  school  supplies,  if  they  desire  to  do  so.  The  said  respective 
boards  shall  adopt  means  for  the  purchase  of  text  books,  supple- 
mentary readers,  materials  of  instruction,  stationery,  and  school 
supplies  by  competitive  bidding,  and  at  the  lowest  possible  price 
consistent  with  quality,  and  each  of  said  boards  shall  furnish 
annually  to  the  State  Superintendent  of  Schools  the  title,  the 
name  of  the  publisher,  and  the  net  price  of  each  text  book  and 
supplementary  reader  purchased  under  the  provisions  of  this 
article. 


60  PUBLIC    SCHOOL    LAWS 

1916,  ch.  506. 

69.  The  said  several  boards  shall  authorize  the  delivery,  sub- 
ject to  the  provisions  of  this  article,  of  text  books,  supplementary 
readers,  materials  of  instruction,  stationery,  and  school  supplies, 
and  shall  provide  for  the  issuing,  safekeeping  and  care  of  the 
same  under  such  rules  and  regulations  as  they  may  severally 
adopt; 

By-law  12. 

The  county  board  of  education  shall  prepare  rules  and  regulations  for  the  distribu- 
tion and  care  of  books  furnished  to  pupils,  and  shall  attach  a  copy  of  the  same  to 
each  book  so  furnished.  Failure  of  any  pupil  to  comply  with  such  regulations  shall 
justify  the  principal  in  withholding  from  him  all  books  and  school  supplies,  until 
restitution  is  made.  Every  teacher  shall  keep  an  account  of  the  books  belonging  to 
the  school  furnished  each  pupil  for  use,  and  shall  require  the  return  of  the  books 
when  the  pupil  leaves  school.  At  the  end  of  each  school  year  the  principal  shall 
furnish  to  the  county  board  of  education  an  inventory  of  books  and  stationery  on 
hand,  and  shall  be  responsible  for  losses  of  same  when  not  explained  to  the  satisfac- 
tion of  the  county  board  of  education. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

70.  The  said  several  boards  shall  keep  a  separate  account  of 
all  money  received  from  the  State  for  the  purchase  of  text  books, 
supplementary  readers,  materials  of  instruction,  stationery,  and 
school  supplies  and  of  all  money  expended  for  such  purposes. 
They  shall  report  the  same  annually  to  the  State  Superintendent 
of  Schools  and  in  their  annual  report  addressed  to  the  people 
required  by  .law.     No  money  received  from  the  State  for  the 
purchase  of  text  books,  supplementary  readers,  materials  of  in- 
struction, stationery,  and  school  supplies  shall  ever  be  used  for 
any  other  purpose  or  spent  in  any  other  way  than  provided  for 
in  the  two  preceding  sections. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

71.  The   entire   sum  appropriated  by  the   General  Assembly 
for  the  purchase  of  text  books,  supplementary  readers,  materials 
of  instruction,  stationery  and  school  supplies,  shall  be  annually 
apportioned  on  or  before  the  last  day  of  September  by  the  Comp- 
troller to  the  Board  of  Public  School  Commissioners  of  the  City 
of  Baltimore  and  to  the  county  boards  of  education  of  each  of 
the  several  counties  according  to  and  on  the  basis  of  the  aver- 
age enrollment  in  the  public  schools  of  the  City  of  Baltimore, 
and  of  each  of  the  several  counties  during  the  preceding  school 
year  as  certified  to  by  the  State  Superintendent  of  Schools,  and 
the  Comptroller  shall  on  or  before  the  first  day  of  October  draw 
his  warrant  on  the  Treasurer  of  the  State  of  Maryland  for  the 


OP  MARYLAND.  Qi 

respective  amounts  due  to  the  Board  of  Public  School  Commis- 
sioners of  Baltimore  City  and  the  treasurer  of  the  county  board 
of  education  of  the  several  counties.  On  the  receipt  of  the  war- 
rant of  the  Comptroller,  the  Treasurer  of  the  State  of  Maryland 
shall  immediately  pay  the  respective  amounts  due  to  the  Board 
of  Public  School  Commissioners  of  the  City  of  Baltimore  and 
the  treasurer  of  the  county  board  of  education  of  the  several 
counties.  The  Board  of  Public  School  Commissioners  of  the  City 
of  Baltimore  and  the  county  boards  of  education  are  free  to  spend 
more  for  text  books,  supplementary  readers,  materials  of  instruc- 
tion, stationery,  and  school  supplies  than  the  amount  received 
from  the  State  for  such  purpose. 

CHAPTER  12— The  State  Normal  Schools. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

82.  The  State  Board  of  Education  and  the  State  Superintendent 
of  Schools  shall  be  the  Board  of  Trustees  of  each  of  the  normal 
schools  maintained  and  supported  by  the  State :  the  state  normal 
school  at  Towson,  the  state  normal  school  at  Frostburg,  and  the 
state  normal  school  at  Bowie. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

83.  The  board  of  trustees  shall  exercise  general  supervision 
of  the   expenditure   of  all  money  appropriated  by  the  General 
Assembly  for  the  erection  of  buildings  or  additions,  for  repairs, 
up-keep,   maintenance   and   support  of  these  schools,   and  shall 
have  control   and  supervision  of  their  management  and  work. 
The  board  of  trustees  shall  authorize  all  departments  of  instruc- 
tion and  all  positions,  and  shall  fix  the  salaries  and  tenure  of 
all  teachers  and  all  assistants  of  whatever  kind;  they  may  dis- 
miss any  teacher   or  any  assistant  for  immorality,   dishonesty, 
misconduct  in  office,  incompetency,  insubordination,  and  wilful 
neglect  of  duty,  but  no  teacher  or  professional  assistant  may  be 
dismissed  without  being  given  a  copy  of  the  charges  against  him 
and  an  opportunity  of  being  heard,  in  person  or  by  counsel,  in 
his  own  defense,  upon  not  less  than  ten  days'  notice.    The  board 
of  trustees  shall  authorize  the  course  or  the  courses  of  study  to 
be  offered,  including  courses  for  observation  and  practice  in  teach- 
ing.    They  shall  prescribe  the  entrance  requirements,  subject  to 


62  PUBLIC    SCHOOL    LAWS 

the  provisions  of  this*  article,  to  the  different  departments  and 
courses  of  study;  shall  determine  the  number  of  students  to  be 
admitted  from  the  city  of  Baltimore,  and  each  of  the  several 
counties,  provided  that  students  of  both  sexes  shall  be  admitted ; 
they  shall  regulate  the  length  of  the  regular  session,  provided 
that  it  shall  not  be  less  than  nine  months ;  they  shall  provide  and 
arrange  for  summer  sessions,  and  shall  formulate  rules  and. regu- 
lations for  the  conduct  and  management  of  these  schools. 

By-law  37. 

A  summer  session  of  six  weeks,  in  charge  of  the  principal  of  the  school,  shall  be 
held  in  each  normal  school.  No  tuition  fee  shall  be  charged  teachers  employed  in 
the  state  nor  those  who  anticipate  employment  in  the  state  the  following  year. 
If  dormitory  accommodations  are  not  available  for  all  applicants,  preference  shall 
be  given  those  teachers  whose  salaries  are  lowest. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

84.  The  board  shall  elect  a  principal  for  each  of  the  state 
normal  schools,  provided  that  no  principal  shall  be  elected  to  a 
white  normal  school  who  is  not  a  graduate  of  a  standard  college, 
or  the  equivalent,  wrho  has  not  had  in  addition  not  less  than  two 
years  of  special  academic  and  professional  preparation  in  a 
standard  university,  and  five  years  of  teaching  experience,  two 
of  which  have  been  in  the  training  of  teachers.  Provided,  that 
nothing  in  this  section  shall  affect  the  terms  of  the  present  in- 
cumbents or  their  eligibility  for  reappointment.  The  principal 
shall  be  the  head  of  his  respective  school  and  shall  be  responsible 
for  the  discipline  and  successful  conduct  of  his  school  and  for 
the  administration  and  supervision  of  all  its  departments.  The 
principal  shall  nominate  for  appointment  by  the  board  of  trustees, 
and  may  recommend  for  dismissal  by  said  board,  all  heads  of  de- 
partments, all  teachers,  and  all  assistants  of  whatever  kind.  He 
shall  submit  to  the  board  of  trustees,  for  adoption,  courses  of 
study  and  plans  of  work,  and  shall  in  every  way  take  the  initiative 
in  working  out  the  policies  of  his  school  and  in  promoting  its 
development  and  efficiency.  He  shall  each  year  make  an  annual 
report  to  the  State  Superintendent  of  Schools,  including  a  copy 
of  the  annual  report  of  the  treasurer  of  the  State  Board  of  Educa- 
tion, of  the  receipts  and  disbursements  of  his  school,  a  statement 
of  the  academic  preparation  of  each  student  admitted  during  the 
year,  of  the  state  and  condition  of  the  school,  of  its  achievements 
during  the  year,  of  its  present  and  future  needs,  and  of  his  rec- 
ommendations for  the  support  and  advancement  of  his  school. 


OF  MARYLAND.  63 

1916,  ch.  506. 

85.  There   shall  be   maintained   at   each   white   state   normal 
school  a  two-year  course  or  courses  of  study  designed  for  the 
preparation  of  teachers  for  the  elementary  schools,  and  to  which 
only  graduates  of  a  standard  four-year  high  school  course,  or  the 
equivalent,  may  be  admitted.     There  may  be  maintained,  in  addi- 
tion,   advanced   specialized   industrial   and  practical   courses   in 
manual  training,  in  domestic  art  and  science,  and  in  the  applied 
arts  for  the  preparation  of  teachers  in  these  special  branches. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

86.  There  may  also  be  maintained,  at  each  white  state  normal 
school,  a  four-year  preparatory  course  of  a  standard  high  school 
grade  for  the  accommodation  of  such  students  as  desire  to  teach 
but  who  are  not  provided  with  local  high  school  advantages ;  but 
no  pupil  may  be  admitted  to  this  four-year  course  of  a  high  school 
grade  who  has  not  completed  the  work  of  the  public  elementary 
schools. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

87.  Students  regularly  admitted  to  the  state  normal  schools 
from  the  city  of  Baltimore  and  the  several  counties,  who  shall 
obligate  themselves  to  teach  in  the  State  of  Maryland,  shall  have 
free  tuition  and  shall  be  furnished  the  use  of  text  books  free  of 
charge.     Other  students  may  be  admitted  to  these  schools,  in  the 
discretion  of  the  board  of  trustees,  who  possess  the  prescribed 
qualifications  for  admission,  on  payment  of  a  fixed  and  uniform 
fee  as  determined  by  the  board  of  trustees. 

By-law  38. 

Every  student  admitted  to  the  Maryland  state  normal  schools  without  payment 
of  tuition  shall  sign  the  following  pledge : 

In  obedience  to  the  Laws  of  Maryland  governing  free  tuition  in  the  State  Normal 
Schools,  I  hereby  obligate  myself  to  teach  in  the  public  schools  of  the  State  for  a 

period  of  at  least  two  years  after  being  graduated  from  the 

State  Normal  School. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

88.  The  several  and  respective  sums  hereafter  appropriated 
by  the  General  Assembly  for  the  erection  of  buildings,  or  addi- 
tions, repairs,  up-keep,  maintenance,  and  support  of  each  of  the 
state  normal  schools,  shall,  unless  otherwise  specified  and  pro- 
vided, be  paid  in  equal  instalments  on  the  first  day  of  January, 
March,  June,  and  October  to  the  Treasurer  of  the  State  Board  of 
Education.     On  or  before  said  dates,  the  Comptroller  shall  draw 


64  PUBLIC    SCHOOL    LAWS 

his  warrant  on  the  Treasurer  of  the  State  of  Maryland  for  the 
respective  amounts  due  on  said  dates  to  the  Treasurer  of  the 
State  Board  of  Education.  On  receipt  of  the  warrant  of  the 
Comptroller,  the  Treasurer  of  the  State  of  Maryland  shall  imme- 
diately pay  the  amount  due  on  said  dates  to  the  Treasurer  of  the 
State  Board  of  Education,  and  the  same  shall  be  paid  to  and 
applied  by  the  board  of  trustees  of  the  state  normal  schools  to 
the  payment  of  teachers'  salaries,  clerical  and  other  assistance, 
for  the  purchase  of  apparatus,  school  furniture,  text  books,  library 
and  reference  books,  stationery,  light,  fuel,  and  for  other  neces- 
sary expenses  in  maintaining  and  supporting  the  respective  state 
normal  schools,  and  when  special  appropriations  are  made  for 
the  erection  of  buildings  or  additions  or  unusual  repairs,  the  same 
shall  be  used  for  the  special  purpose.  The  Treasurer  of  the  State 
Board  of  Education  shall  make,  on  or  before  January  the  first 
of  each  year,  to  the  Governor,  a  report  of  the  receipts  and  dis- 
bursements of  each  of  the  state  normal  schools. 

1904,  ch.  584. 

*  89.     All  donations  or  bequests  of  money  or  personal  property, 
and  all  grants  or  devises  of  lands  for  the  benefit  of  any  state 
normal  school  or  normal  department,  shall  be  held  in  trust  by 
the  State  Board  of  Education. 

CHAPTER  13 — Teachers'  Institutes. 

1914,  ch.  84. 

*  92.     A  teachers '  institute,  to  continue  not  less  than  five  days, 
shall  be  held  in  each  county  once  a  year,  and  in  the  absence  of 
the  State  Superintendent  the  county  superintendent  shall  pre- 
side.    Two  or  more  counties  may  combine  and  hold  a  joint  in- 
stitute.    The  board  of  county  school  commissioners  of  any  county 
may,  in  lieu  of  holding  a  teachers'  institute,  require  at  least  one- 
fourth  of  the  number  of  the  teachers  of  that  county  to  attend  a 
summer  school,  which  has  been  approved  by  the  State  Superin- 
tendent  of   Schools,   during  the   summer  preceding  the  school 
sessions  for  which  no  institute  is  held,  provided  the  said  board 
of  county  school  commissioners  reimburses  those  teachers  who 
attend  summer  school  for  their  expenses  to   the  extent   of  at 
least  twenty-five   dollars,   and  the   county   superintendent   shall 


OF  MARYLAND.  65 

have  authority  to  designate  the  teachers  who  are  required  to  at- 
tend summer  school  under  the  provisions  of  this  section. 

By-law  39. 

The  county  board  of  education  shall  pay  to  each  teacher  who  attends  an  ap- 
proved summer  school  for  six  weeks  and  who  receives  credits  for  work  done,  the 
sum  of  twenty-five  (25)  dollars  towards  defraying  the  expense  of  the  summer 
school,  when  such  attendance  is  necessary  for  the  renewal  of  a  certificate. 

By-law  40. 

1.  The   county   superintendent   shall  organize   a   teachers'   institute   which   shall 
remain  in  session  at  least  ten  days  each  year,  unless  the  county  board  of  education 
has  sent  twenty-five  per  cent  of  the  teachers  in  the  county  to  an  approved  summer 
school. 

2.  The  proposed  program  of  work,  including  the  staff  of  instructors,  shall  be  ap- 
proved in  advance  by  the  State  Superintendent  of  Schools  ;  and  satisfactory  com- 
pletion of  the  work  of  three  such  institutes  may  be  offered  in  lieu  of  one  summer 
scliool  requirement  for  the  renewal  of  a  teacher's  certificate.     None  of  the  time  of 
the  institute  shall  be  counted  towards  making  up  the  180  actual  school  days  for 
the  year  specified  in  the  law ;  but  the  institute  days  shall  be  considered  a  part  of 
the  regular  school  year  for  which  the  teacher  is  employed  and  for  which   she  is 
paid  at  least  the  minimum  salary  prescribed  in  the  law,  and  a  proportionate  amount 
of  the  annual  salary  may  be  deducted  for  failure  to  attend  the  institute. 

3.  Notice  of  the  place  and  date  and  a  program  or  outline  of  the  work  must  be 
sent  the  teachers  at  least  one  week  before  the  institute  begins.     Teachers  who  shall 
have  attended  a  summer  school  during  the  summer  next  preceding  the  institute  may 
be  excused  from   the  institute. 

1904,  ch.  584. 

*  93.     The  State  Superintendent  of  Schools  shall  fix  a  time  of 
the  meeting  of  the  institute,  and  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  the 
county  superintendent  to  notify  each  teacher  of  the  time  and 
place  of  meeting,  and  when  so  notified,  each  teacher  in  actual 
employment  is  required  to  attend;  the  president  of  the  school 
board  shall  select  the  place  for  the  institute  to  meet. 

1904,  ch.  584. 

*  94.     These    institutes,    being   designed    as    temporary   normal 
schools,   shall  be   attended  by  the   State   Superintendent,   when 
possible  to  do  so,  and  by  one  or  more  instructors  of  a  state  normal 
school  or  normal  department  faculty,  to  be  selected  by  the  State 
Superintendent  and  the  principal  of  the  school,  and  any  member 
of  the  board  of  county  school  commissioners  who  may  choose  to 
attend. 

1904,  ch.  584. 

*  95.     The  members  of  the  State  Board  of  Education  and  the" 
members  of  the  county  school  boards  shall  encourage  the  work 
of  the  Maryland  State  Teachers'  Reading  Circle,  which  was  organ- 
ized by  the  Maryland  State  Teachers'  Association,  and  which  is  a 
body  politic  and  with  power  to  organize,  manage,  and  direct  a 
State  teachers'  reading  circle. 


66  PUBLIC    SCHOOL   LAWS 

CHAPTER  14— Teachers'  Associations. 

1890,  ch.  323. 

*  96.     District,  county,  and  State  teachers'  associations  are  rec- 
ommended as  important  means  of  elevating  the  standard  of  public 
education  by  mutual  conference,  interchange  of  views  and  sug- 
gestions as  to  systems  of  teaching  and  discipline. 

1872,  ch.  377. 

*  97.     It  shall  be  the  care  of  the  county  superintendent  to  aid 
in  the  organization  of  these  associations,  to  encourage  attendance, 
to  secure  competent  lecturers,  and  to  impart  such  information  as 
will  encourage  teachers  in  their  work  and  fit  them  for  the  per- 
formance of  their  duties. 

1872,  ch.  377. 

*  98.     These  associations  may  occupy  any  of  the  schoolhouses. 

CHAPTER  15— District  Libraries. 

1904,  ch.  584. 

*  99.     For    the    further    encouragement    of    education,    district 
libraries  ought  to  be  established  in  each  schoolhouse  district  un- 
der the  care  of  the  teacher,  as  librarian;  for  this  purpose  the 
sum  of  ten  dollars  per  annum  is  ordered  to  be  paid  by  the  board 
of  county  school  commissioners  out  of  the  state  school  fund,  to 
any  schoolhouse  district  as  library  money,  as  long  as  the  people 
of  the  district  raise  the  same  amount  annually;  the  books  must 
be  selected  by  the  board  of  district  school  trustees  and  teachers 
from  a  list  to  be  furnished  by  the  State  Board  of  Education. 

By-law  41. 

A  list  of  books  suitable  for  public  school  libraries  shall  be  prepared  and  published 

*  by  the   State  Superintendent  of  Schools,   and  snail   be  revised  at  least   once  every 
three  years. 

By-law  42. 

The  district  board  of  school  trustees  snail  cooperate  with  the  principal  teacher 
in  raising  funds  to  purchase  library  books  if  the  school  is  not  already  well  provided 
with  this  necessary  equipment,  and  shall  file  an  application  with  the  county  board 
of  education  for  an  appropriation  of  ten  dollars,  when  the  school  shall  have  raised 
an  equal  amount.  They  shall  also  encourage  and  assist  the  principal  teacher  in  de- 
vising ways  and  means  for  the  improvement  of  the  grounds  and  the  interior  of  the 
school  building,  and  in  every  way  possible  seek  to  bring  about  improved  school 
conditions. 

1910,  ch.  505. 

*  100.     The  Governor  shall  biennially  appoint  four  persons,  at 
least  two  of  whom  shall  be  women,  who,  with  the  State  Librarian, 


OP  MARYLAND.  67 

the  State  Superintendent  of  Schools,  and  the  librarian  of  the 
Enoch  Pratt  Free  Library,  shall  constitute  the  Maryland  Public 
Library  Commission. 

*  101.     Said   commission   shall    annually   elect  from   their   own 
number  a  president  and  a  secretary,  who,  with  the  other  mem- 
bers of  the  commission,  shall  serve  without  pay,  but  the  neces- 
sary traveling  expenses  of  the  commissioners  in  attending  upon 
the  meetings  of  the  commission  or  its  business  away  from  their 
homes  may  be  paid  out  of  the  appropriation  for  the  commission. 
The  secretary  shall  also  act  as  treasurer  of  the  commission  and 
shall  give  bond,  with  approved  security,  for  the  proper  perform- 
ance of  his  duties. 

*  102.     Said   commission  shall   give  advice   and   counsel  to   all 
public  libraries  and  public  school  libraries  in  the  State  and  to  all 
persons  proposing  to  establish  them,  as  to  the  best  means  of  their 
establishment    and   maintenance,    the    selection    of   books,    cata- 
loguing, and  other  details  of  management.     Said  commission  shall 
annually  report  to  the  Governor  in  the  month  of  November  a 
full  and  complete  account  of  its  doings  and  of  its  receipts  and 
expenditures. 

*  103.     Said   commission   shall  organize   and   conduct  traveling 
libraries  throughout  the  State,  shall  formulate  such  reasonable 
regulations  for  the  use  and  care  of  the  books  of  such  traveling 
libraries  as  they  may  deem  proper;  and  shall  from  time  to  time 
send  out  and  distribute  such  books  throughout  the  State,  and  at 
suitable  intervals  change  such  distributions  so  as  to  secure  the 
greatest  advantage. 

*  104.     The  State  Treasurer  shall  annually,  on  the  first  day  of 
October,  pay  to  the  treasurer  of  the  commission  the  sum  of  $1,500 
for  the  use  of  the  commission. 

*  105.     Said  commission,  upon  application  of  the  library  direc- 
tors of  a   county,  municipality,   or  election   district  which  has 
complied  with  the  provisions  of  this  law  relative  to  the  estab- 
lishment of  such  library,  may  expend  not  more  than  one  hundred 
dollars  for  books,  to  be  selected  and  purchased  by  said  commis- 
sion and  delivered  to  said  directors  for  the  purpose  of  establish- 
ing a  free  public  library. 

*  106.     The  boards  of  county  commissioners  shall  have  power 
to   establish  and  maintain   central  free  public  libraries   at  the 


68  PUBLIC    SCHOOL    LAWS 

county  seats  of  their  respective  counties,  with  branches  in  such 
places  within  the  limits  of  said  counties  as  the  demand  of  the 
people  of  the  vicinity  may  justify,  so  as  to  give  them  convenient 
access  to  the  free  libraries  and  reading-rooms,  and  the  legis- 
lative authority  of  any  incorporated  municipality  shall  have 
power  to  establish  public  libraries  in  like  manner  for  said 
municipality. 

*  107.     The  board  of  county  commissioners  of  any  county  in  the 
State,  for  the  establishment  and  maintenance  of  said  free  public 
libraries   and   reading-rooms   in   their   respective   counties,   may 
levy  an  annual  tax  not  exceeding  five  cents  on  each  one  hundred 
dollars  of  the  assessed  valuation  of  taxable  property,  such  tax  to 
be  levied  and  collected  in  like  manner  as  other  general  taxes  of 
said  county,  and  when  collected  to  be  known  as  the  public  library 
fund. 

*  108.     In  case  a  majority  of  the  voters  in  any  election  district 
shall  petition  the  board  of  county  commissioners  to  establish  a 
public  library  in  said  district,  the  said  board  shall  establish  and 
control  such  public  library  in  the  same  manner  as  the  legislative 
authority   of   an  incorporated   municipality   may   establish   and 
control  a  library  under  this  act,  and  said  board  of  county  com- 
missioners may  levy  a  tax  on  the  election  district  for  the  said 
library  in  like  manner  as  is  done  for  the  library  of  an  incorporated 
municipality  and  to  the  same  amount,  and  said  election  district 
library  shall  be  managed  in  the  same  manner  as  the  library  of  an 
incorporated  municipality. 

*  109.     The  legislative  authority  of  any  municipality  may  levy  a 
tax  for  public  library  purposes  upon  the  assessed  valuation  of 
the  taxable  property  within  said  municipality,  not  exceeding  seven 
cents  on  each  one  hundred  dollars,  to  be  collected  in  like  manner 
as  the  other  taxes  of  said  municipality.     The  money  so  collected 
by  the  governing  boards  of  the  incorporated  municipalities  shall 
be  paid  over  to  the  trustees  or  board  of  directors,  to  be  appointed 
as  hereinafter  provided,  and  shall  be  expended  by  them  as  in  their 
judgment  they  may  deem  best. 

*  110.     Whenever  any  b6ard  of  county  commissioners  or  legis- 
lative authority  of  an  incorporated  municipality  shall  have  de- 
termined to  establish  and  maintain  public  libraries  and  reading- 
rooms  under  this  act,  such  board  of  county  commissioners  or  leg- 


OF  MARYLAND.  69 

islative  authority  of  an  incorporated  municipality  shall  appoint 
for  such  county,  election  district  or  incorporated  municipality, 
a  board  of  nine  directors,  who  shall  be  chosen  at  large  with  refer- 
ence to  their  fitness  for  such  office ;  said  directors  shall  hold  office, 
one-third  for  two  years,  one-third  for  four  years,  and  one-third  for 
six  years,  from  the  first  of  January  following  their  appointment 
and  until  their  successors  are  chosen.  At  their  first  regular 
meeting  they  shall  cast  lots  for  their  respective  terms,  and  bien- 
nially thereafter  the  board  of  county  commissioners  or  legislative 
authority  of  the  municipality  shall  appoint,  as  before,  three 
directors  to  take  the  place  of  the  retiring  directors,  who  shall  hold 
office  for  six  years  and  until  their  successors  are  appointed.  The 
board  of  county  commissioners  or  legislative  authority  of  the 
municipality  may  remove  any  director  for  inefficiency,  misconduct, 
or  neglect  of  duty. 

*  111.     Vacancies  in  the  said  board  of  directors  occasioned  by 
removal,  resignation  or  otherwise,  shall  be  reported  to  the  board 
of  county  commissioners  or  .legislative  authority  of  the  munici- 
pality, and  shall  be  filled  forthwith  by  them  for  the  unexpired 
portion  of  the  term. 

*  112.     Said   directors    shall,   immediately   after   their   appoint- 
ment, meet  at  the  call  of  the  county  commissioners  or  legislative 
authority  of  the  municipality,  and  organize  by  the  election  of  a 
president  and  vice-president  from  their  own  number,  and  a  per- 
son or  persons  to  act  as  secretary  and  treasurer.    The  treasurer 
so  elected  shall  give  bond  for  the  faithful  performance  of  his 
trust  in  such  sum  as  said  library  board  shall  determine ;  the  said 
bond  to  be  approved  by  the  said  library  board  and  the  expense 
thereof  paid  out  of  the  library  fund.     Directors  shall  receive  no 
compensation.     They  shall  make  and  adopt  by-laws,  rules,  and 
regulations  not  inconsistent  with  this  act,  for  their  own  guidance 
and   for   the    government    of   the   libraries    and    reading-rooms. 
They    shall   have    exclusive    control    of   the    expenditure   of   all 
moneys  collected  to  the   credit  of  the  library  fund  under  this 
act,  but  such  expenditures  and  all  contracts  made  by  them  shall 
not  exceed  the  appropriations  provided  and  made  under  sections 
3  and  4  of  this  act.    They  shall  also  have  control  of  the  construc- 
tion of  any  library  building,  and  of  the  supervision,  care,  and 
custody  of  the  library  grounds,  rooms,  or  buildings  constructed 


70  PUBLIC    SCHOOL   LAWS 

or  set  apart  for  that  purpose;  and  they  shall  have  power  to 
purchase  or  lease  grounds,  to  occupy,  lease,  or  erect  an  appro- 
priate building  or  buildings  for  the  use  of  said  library,  to  appoint 
a  suitable  librarian  and  assistants,  to  fix  the  compensation  of 
such  appointees  and  to  remove  them  if  unsatisfactory,  and  shall 
in  general  carry  out  the  spirit  and  intent  of  this  act  in  establish- 
ing and  maintaining  public  libraries  and  reading-rooms. 

*  113.     All  moneys  collected  for  such  libraries  and  reading-rooms 
by  the  county  commissioners  or  governing  boards  of  incorporated 
municipalities  as  hereinabove  provided,  shall  be  deposited  in  the 
treasury  of  said  county  or  of  the  said  municipality,  respectively, 
to  the  credit  of  the  library  fund,  and  shall  be  kept  separate  and 
apart  from  other  moneys  of  such  county  or  municipality,  and 
paid  over  to  the  treasurer  of  the  library  board  upon  the  demand 
of  the  board. 

*  114.     Every  library  and  reading  room  established  under  this 
act  shall  be  forever  free  to  the  use  of  the  inhabitants  of  the 
county,  election  district,  or  municipality  where  it  is  located ;  sub- 
ject, however,  to  such  reasonable  rules  and  regulations  as  the 
library  board  may  adopt,  and  said  board  may  exclude  from  the 
use  of  said  libraries  and  reading-rooms  any  and  all  persons  who 
shall  wilfully  violate  such  rules,  and  may  extend  the  privilege 
of  said  library  to  persons  living  outside  of  the  county  or  munici- 
pality, upon  such  terms  and  conditions  as  said  board  may  from 
time  to  time  by  its  regulations  prescribe. 

*  115.     Every  person  who  shall  steal  or  unlawfully  take  or  de- 
tain, or  who  shall  mutilate,  injure  or  disfigure  by  writing,  mark- 
ing, cutting,  tearing,  or  otherwise,  any  book,  map,  picture,  en- 
graving, manuscript  or  other  property  of  any  public  library  or 
circulating  library,  or  library  belonging  to  the  State  of  Mary- 
land, or  to  any  municipality  or  public  body  or  incorporated  in- 
stitution, shall  be  guilty  of  a  misdemeanor,   and  on  conviction 
thereof  shall  be  fined  not  more  than  one  hundred  dollars,  said 
fine  to  be  used  for  the  benefit  of  the  library,  or  be  imprisoned 
for  not  more  than  three  months,  or,  in  the  discretion  of  the  court, 
may  be  both  fined  and  imprisoned  as  aforesaid. 

*  116.     Each  library  board  established  under  this  act  shall  make 
an  annual  report  to  the  county  commissioners  or  legislative  au- 
thority of  the  municipality  on  or  before  the  twentieth  day  of 


OF  MARYLAND.  71 

January,  stating  the  condition  of  their  trust  on  the  first  day  of 
January  in  that  year,  the  various  sums  of  money  received  from 
the  library  fund  and  from  other  sources,  and  how  such  moneys 
have  been  expended  and  for  what  purpose,  the  number  of  books 
and  periodicals  on  hand,  the  number  added  by  purchase,  gift  or 
otherwise  during  the  year,  the  number  lost  or  missing,  the  num- 
ber of  books  loaned  out,  and  the  general  character  and  kind  of 
such  books,  with  such  other  statistics  and  information  and  sug- 
gestions as  they  may  deem  of  general  interest.  All  such  portion 
of  said  report  as  relates  to  the  receipt  and  expenditure  of  money 
shall  be  subject  to  the  audit  of  the  county  commissioners  or  legis- 
lative authority  of  the  municipality.  A  copy  of  said  report  shall 
be  sent  annually  to  the  Maryland  Public  Library  Commission. 

*  117.     The  said  library  board  may  receive,  hold  and  possess, 
or  sell  and  dispose  of  all  such  gifts,  donations,  devises,  bequests 
and  legacies  as  may  be  made  to  the  county  commissioners,  to  the 
municipality,  or  to  the  library  board  for  the  purpose  of  estab- 
lishing, increasing  or  improving  such  public  library.     In  such 
cases,  the  library  board  shall  act  as  trustees,  and  have  control 
of  such  gifts,  donations,  devises,  bequests  and  legacies,  and  may 
apply  the  proceeds,  interests,  rents  and  profits  accruing  there- 
from in  such  manner  as  will  best  promote  the  prosperity  and 
utility  of  such  library;  provided,  such  application  be  according 
to  the  terms  of  the  gifts,  donations,  devises,  bequests  and  legacies. 

*  118.     Every  public   library   established  under   this  law  shall 
receive  from  the  State  a  copy  of  the  laws,  journals,  and  all  other 
books  published  by  the  authority  of  the  State  except  the  Mary- 
land law  reports,  and  in  return  therefor  shall  transmit  a  copy  of 
its  annual  report  to  the  state  library. 

*  119.     All  real  estate  acquired  for  the  use  and  benefit  of  any 
library  and  reading-room,  established  as  aforesaid,  and  all  prop- 
erty that  shall  be  a  part  of  any  such  library  and  reading-room, 
shall  be  exempt  from  all  state,  county,  and  municipal  taxation. 

*  120.     The  provisions  of  sections  100-120  shall  not  apply  to  Bal- 
timore county. 

CHAPTER  16— The  City  of  Baltimore. 

1884,  ch.  2. 

*  121.     The  Mayor   and   City   Council   of  Baltimore   shall  have 
full  power  and  authority  to  establish  in  said  city  a  system  of 


72  PUBLIC    SCHOOL    LAWS 

free  public  schools,  which  shall  include  a  school  or  schools  for 
manual  or  industrial  training,  under  such  ordinances,  rules  and 
regulations  as  they  may  deem  fit  and  proper  to  enact  and  pre- 
scribe ;  they  may  delegate  supervisory  powers  and  control  to  a 
board  of  school  commissioners;  may  prescribe  rules  for  building 
schoolhouses  and  locating,  establishing,  and  closing  schools,  and 
may  in  general  do  every  act  that  may  be  necessary  or  proper  in 
the  premises. 

M.  and  C.  C.  of  Baltimore  vs.  Wetherby,  52  Md.  442. 
Hooper  vs.  New,  85  Md.  581. 

1872,  ch.  377. 

*  122.     The  board  of  commissioners  of  public  schools  of  Balti- 
more city,  or  by  whatever  name  the  body  may  be  known  that 
has  supervisory  powers  and  control  over  the  public  schools  of 
Baltimore  city,  shall  have  power  to  examine,  appoint  and  remove 
teachers,  prescribe  the  qualifications,  fix  the  salaries,  subject  to 
the  approval  of  the  Mayor  and  City  Council,  and  select  text  books 
for  schools  of  said  city ;  provided,  that  such  text  books  shall  con- 
tain nothing  of  a  sectarian  or  partisan  character.     The  board  of 
commissioners  of  public  schools  of  said  city  shall  annually  make 
a  report  to  the  State  Board  of  Education  of  the  condition  of  the 
schools  under  their  charge,  to  include  a  statement  of  expenditures, 
the  number  of  children  taught,  and  such  other  statistical  infor- 
mation as  may  be  necessary  to   exhibit  the   operations   of  the 
schools. 

Hooper  vs.  New,  85  Md.  581. 

1872,  ch.  377. 

*  123.     The   Mayor  and   City   Council   of  Baltimore  shall  have 
power  and  authority  to  make  all  ordinances  for  the  protection  of 
the  schoolhouses  and  property,  and  to  punish  any  person  who  may 
disturb  the  sessions  of  said  public  schools. 

,    1872,  ch.  377. 

*  124.     The  said  Mayor  and  City  Council  are  hereby  authorized 
and  empowered  to  levy  and  collect  upon  the  assessable  property 
in  said  city,  as  other  taxes  are  levied  and  collected,  such  amount  of 
taxes  as  may  be  necessary  to  defray  all  the  expenses  incurred  for 
educational  purposes  by  said  Mayor  and  City  Council. 


OF  MARYLAND.  73 

CHAPTER  17— High  Schools. 

Note. — The  course  of  study,  including  by-laws  and  regulations  govern- 
ing approved  high  schools,  is  published  separately  and  may  be  obtained 
by  addressing  the  State  Superintendent.  For  the  provisions  of  the  law 
governing  third  group  high  schools,  see  section  138,  page  81. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

125.  The  county  board  of  education  of  any  county  shall  have 
authority  to  establish  high  schools,  subject  to  the  approval  of  the 
State   Superintendent   of   Schools,   in  their   respective   counties, 
when,  in  their  judgment,  it  is  advisable  to  do  so.     All  high  schools 
so  established  and  those  now  in  operation  shall  be  under  the  direct 
control  of  the  several  county  boards  of  education,  subject  to  the 
provisions  of  this  article ;  provided,  that  when  instruction  below 
that  of  the  high  school  grades  is  given  in  the  same  building,  or 
on  the  same  premises,  such  grade  work  may  also  be  under  the 
direct  control  of  the  county  board  of  education,  and  the  principal 
of  the  high -school  shall  also  be  principal  of  the  elementary  school. 

1918,  ch.  105. 

126.  For  the  encouragement  of  secondary  education  in  Mary- 
land, the  State  shall  extend  aid  to  such  groups  of  high  schools  in 
such  amounts  and  in  such  manner  as  hereinafter  designated  and 
described.     All  high  schools  of  the  counties  of  the  State  of  Mary- 
land receiving  state  aid  shall  be  arranged  by  the  State  Superin- 
tendent of  Schools  in  two  groups,  to  be  designated  first  group  and 
second  group,  according  to  the  number  of  pupils  enrolled,  teachers 
employed,  and  years  of  instruction  given.     High  schools  of  the 
first  group  shall  fulfill  the  following  minimum  requirements :     (a) 
They  shall  have  an  enrollment  of  not  less  than  eighty  pupils,  axid 
an  average  daily  attendance  of  not  less  than  seventy  pupils;  'b) 
'they  shall  employ  not  less  than  four  teachers  for  the  regular  high 

school  work,  exclusive  of  instructors  of  special  subjects  named 
under  (e)  ;  (c)  they  shall  provide  a  four  years'  course  of  instruc- 
tion of  not  less  than  one  hundred  and  eighty  actual  school  days  in 
each  year,  the  same  to  conform  to  the  standard  required  by  the 
State  Board  of  Education;  (d)  the  annual  salary  of  the  principal 
shall  be  not  less  than  twelve  hundred  dollars  ($1,200)  for  a  person, 
holding  a  first  class  certificate,  of  less  than  three  years'  experience 
as  principal  of  an  approved  high  school;  not  less  than  thirteen 
hundred  dollars  ($1,300)  for  a  person,  holding  a  first  class  certifi- 
cate, of  three  years'  experience  as  principal  of  an  approved  high 
school;  not  less  than  fourteen  hundred  dollars  ($1,400)  for  a  per- 


74  PUBLIC    SCHOOL    LAWS 

son,  holding  a  first  class  certificate,  of  fiVe  years'  experience  as 
principal  of  an  approved  high  school;  and  not  less  than  fifteen 
hundred  dollars  ($1,500)  for  a  person,  holding  a  first  class  certifi- 
cate, of  eight  years'  experience  as  principal  of  an  approved  high 
school.  The  annual  salary  of  each  assistant  teacher  regularly  em- 
ployed shall  be  not  less  than  six  hundred  dollars  ($600)  for  a 
person  of  less  than  three  years'  experience  as  teacher  in  an  ap- 
proved high  school;  not  less  than  six  hundred  and  seventy-five 
dollars  ($675)  for  a  person,  holding  a  first  class  certificate,  of  three 
years'  experience  as  teacher  in  an  approved  high  school;  not  less 
than  seven  hundred  and  fifty  dollars  ($750). for  a  person,  holding 
a  first  class  certificate,  of  five  years'  experience  as  a  teacher  in  an 
approved  high  school;  and  not  less  than  eight  hundred  dollars 
($800)  for  a  person,  holding  a  first  class  certificate,  of  eight  years' 
experience  as  a  teacher  in  an  approved  high  school.  Experience 
prior  to  the  year  1910  shall  not  be  considered  in  determining  the 
salary  of  the  principal  and  assistant  teachers;  (e)  provision  shall 
be  made  for  manual  or  industrial  training  and  domestic  science 
courses,  and  also  for  a  commercial  or  an  agricultural  course,  as 
may  be  determined  by  the  county  board  of  education,  on  the  ap- 
proval of  the  State  Superintendent  of  Schools ;  -and  on  the  recom- 
mendation of  said  State  Superintendent  of  Schools  a  course  in 
agriculture  may  be  substituted  for  manual  or  industrial  training ; 
(f)  no  person  shall  be  employed  as  principal  or  assistant  teacher 
not  holding  the  appropriate  certificate  as  provided  for  in  Chapter 
8  of  this  Article.  High  schools  of  the  second  group  shall  fulfill 
the  following  minimum  requirements:  (a)  they  shall  have  an  en- 
rollment of  not  less  than  thirty-five  pupils,  and  an  average  daily 
attendance  of  thirty  pupils;  (b)  they  shall  employ  not  less  than 
two  teachers  for  the  regular  high  school  work,  exclusive  of  in- 
structors of  special  subjects  named  under  (e)  ;  (c)  they  shall  pro- 
vide a  three  years'  course  of  instruction  of  not  less  than  one  hun- 
dred and  eighty  actual  school  days  in  each  year,  the  same  to  con- 
form to  the  standard  required  by  the  State  Board  of  Education; 
(d)  the  annual  salary  of  the  principal  shall  be  not  less  than  one 
thousand  dollars  ($1,000)  for  a  person,  holding  a  first  class  certifi- 
cate, of  less  than  three  years'  experience  as  principal  of  an  ap- 
proved high  school;  not  less  than  eleven  hundred  dollars  ($1,100) 
for  a  person,  holding  a  first  class  certificate,  of  three  years'  ex- 


OF  MARYLAND.  75 

perience  as  principal  of  an  approved  high  school;  not  less  than 
twelve  hundred  dollars  ($1,200)  for  a  person,  holding  a  first  class 
certificate,  of  five  years'  experience  as  principal  of  an  approved 
high  school;  and  not  less  than  thirteen  hundred  dollars  ($1,300) 
for  a  person,  holding  a  first  class  certificate  of  eight  years '  experi- 
ence as  principal  of  an  approved  high  school;  and  the  annual 
salary  of  each  assistant  teacher  regularly  employed  shall  be  not 
less  than  six  hundred  dollars  ($600)  for  a  person  of  less  than  three 
years'  experience  as  teacher  in  an  approved  high  school;  not  less 
than  six  hundred  and  seventy-five  dollars  ($675)  for  a  person, 
holding  a  first  class  certificate,  of  three  years'  experience  as  teacher 
in  an  approved  high  school ;  not  less  than  seven  hundred  and  fifty 
dollars  ($750)  for  a  person,  holding  a  first  class  certificate,  of  five 
years'  experience  as  a  teacher  in  an  approved  high  school;  and 
not  less  than  eight  hundred  dollars  ($800)  for  a  person,  holding  a 
first  class  certificate,  of  eight  years'  experience  as  teacher  in  an 
approved  high  school.  Experience  prior  to  the  year  1910  shall 
not  be  considered  in  determining  the  salary  of  the  principal  and 
assistant  teachers;  (e)  provision  shall  be  made  for  manual  or  in- 
dustrial training  and  domestic  science  courses,  and  also  for  an 
agricultural  course,  as  may  be  determined  by  the  county  board  of 
education,  011  the  approval  of  the  State  Superintendent  of  Schools ; 
(f)  no  person  shall  be  employed  as  principal  or  assistant  teacher 
not  holding  the  appropriate  certificate  as  provided  for  in  Chapter 
8  of  this  Ar.ticle.  The  course  of  instruction  in  schools  of  the 
second  group  may  be  extended  to  four  years  by  the  county  board  of 
education  011  the  approval  of  the  State  Superintendent  of  Schools, 
by  the  employment  of  such  additional  teacher  or  teachers,  as  may 
be  required  by  the  State  Superintendent  of  Schools ;  provided,  that 
the  salary  of  such  additional  teacher  or  teachers  shall  be  paid 
wholly  by  the  county  board  of  education ;  and  in  the  schools  of  the 
second  group,  where  the  course  of  instruction  has  been  so  extended 
to  a  four-year  course,  the  graduates  shall  receive  the  same  recog- 
nition as  graduates  of  schools  of  the  first  group.  No  promotions 
of  high  school  pupils  from  one  grade  to  another,  or  graduation,, 
shall  be  made  without  the  approval  of  the  principal  and  the  county 
superintendent. 

By-law  43. 

Principals   of   approved   high    schools   shall   not   engage   in    other  gainful   occupa- 
tions during  the  school  year. 


76  PUBLIC    SCHOOL   LAWS 

By-law  44. 

Whenever  the  average  daily  attendance  in  an  approved  high  school  of  the  second 
group,  carrying  a  four-year  course,  is  less  than  forty-five,  one  of  the  three  duly 
certificated  teachers  of  regular  academic  subjects  in  such  a  school  may  devote  two- 
fifths  of  his  or  her  time  to  teaching  one  of  the  special  subjects ;  provided,  that  such 
teacher  holds  a  certificate  in  the  special  subject  he  proposes  to  teach,  m  addition  to  a 
certificate  in  the  regular  subject  or  subjects ;  provided,  that  in  no  case  shall  an 
approved  high  school  carry  a  four-year  course  with  fewer  than  three  academic 
teachers,  of  whom  two  shall  devote  to  .academic  subjects  their  full  time,  and  the 
third  shall  devote  to  academic  subjects  at  least  three-fifths  of  his  time. 


1916,  ch.  506. 

126A.  To  encourage  the  idea  that  no  person  should  enter  upon 
the  duties  of  teaching  without  special  training  for  the  work,  the 
county  board  of  education  of  any  county,  with  the  approval  of 
the  State  Superintendent  of  Schools,  may  inaugurate  in  one  ap- 
proved high  school  of  the  first  group,  a  two  years'  teachers'  train- 
ing course  for  students  having  completed  successfully  the  tenth- 
year  grade,  and  who  wish  to  prepare  themselves  for  teaching. 
The  State  Board  of  Education  shall  prescribe  the  course  and  all 
necessary  regulations  to  make  the  work  of  the  course  effective. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

127.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  State  Superintendent  of  Schools, 
or  an  assistant  designated  by  him,  to  make  an  annual  inspection 
of  all  high  schools  receiving  state  aid,  and  also  such  other  schools 
as  make  application,  through  their  respective  county  superin- 
tendents, to  receive  said  state  aid.  The  State  Superintendent  of 
Schools  shall,  on  or  before  the  last  day  of  September'  of  each  year, 
prepare  a  list  of  high  schools,  designating  the  group  to  which  each 
belongs,  the  amount  of  said  state  aid  to  which  each  is  entitled, 
and  to  whom  the  same  shall  be  paid.  The  preparation  of  this  list 
shall  be  based  on  information  obtained  through  inspection,  super- 
vision, written  reports  of  the  principal  or  county  superintendent, 
or  other  reliable  sources.  He  shall  certify  this  list  to  the  Comp- 
troller of  the  Treasury,  on  or  before  the  last  day  of  September 
of  each  year,  and  the  Comptroller  of  the  Treasury  shall  issue  his 
warrant  upon  the  Treasurer  of  the  State  in  equal  quarterly  in- 
stalments in  each  and  every  year  at  the  time  when  the  general 
state  school  fund  is  now,  or  may  hereafter  be,  distributed,  payable 
to  the  orders  of  the  treasurers  of  the  respective  county  boards  of 


OF  MARYLAND.  77 

education,  or  the  Board  of  Commissioners  of  the  Public  Schools 
of  Baltimore  City,  for  such  sum  or  sums  as  they  are  entitled  to 
receive  under  the  provisions  of  this  article,  and  shown  by  the 
certified  list  of  high  schools  as  aforesaid.  Provided,  that  any  high 
school  receiving  state  aid,  under  the  provisions  of  this  article, 
shall  forfeit  its  right  to  receive  state  aid  undBr  the  provisions  of 
any  other  act  or  resolution  of  the  General  Assembly  of  the  State 
of  Maryland.  Provided  further,  that  not  more  than  one  high 
school  shall  be  granted  state  aid  under  the  provisions  of  this 
article  in  the  same  village,  town,  or  city,  unless  each  additional 
high  school  has  an  average  daily  attendance  in  excess  of  two  hun- 
dred pupils ;  provided  that  this  provision  shall  not  affect  the  right 
of  schools  on  the  approved  list  at  the  date  of  the  passage  of  this, 
act  to  receive  state  aid. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

128.  Each  county  high  school  in  the  first  group  shall  receive 
state  aid  on  the  basis  of  the  cost  of  instruction,  and  in  the  fol- 
lowing manner:  The  sum  of  six  hundred  (600)  dollars  on  ac- 
count of  the  principal,  and  the  sum  of  three  hundred  (300)  dollars 
on  account  of  each  of  the  first  three  assistants  employed  for  reg- 
ular high  school  work;  the  sum  of  four  hundred  (400)  dollars 
on  account  of  each  of  two  special  teachers,  who  shall  spend  not 
less  than  two-fifths  of  their  time  in  the  school ;  and  the  sum  of 
one  hundred  (100)  dollars  on  account  of  each  additional  regular 
high  school  teacher,  provided  the  total  amount  does  not  exceed 
the  sum  of  twenty-five  hundred  (2500)  dollars.  In  this  Chapter 
the  term  "special  teacher"  shall  be  construed  to  mean  a  teacher 
of  commercial,  manual  or  industrial  training,  domestic  science,  or 
agricultural  branches.  Each  county  high  school  in  the  second 
group  shall  receive  state  aid  on  the  basis  of  the  cost  of  instruc- 
tion, and  in  the  following  manner:  The  sum  of  six  hundred  (600) 
dollars  on  account  of  the  principal;  the  sum  of  four  hundred  (400) 
dollars  on  account  of  one  assistant  teacher  employed  for  regular 
high  school  work;  and  the  sum  of  four  hundred  (400)  dollars  on 
account  of  one  instructor  of  spe.cial  subjects ;  provided  that  the 
imount  that  may  be  received  by  a  high  school  of  Baltimore  city 
shall  be  equal  to  the  maximum  amount  received  on  account  of 
any  high  school  in  the  counties  of  the  State. 


78  PUBLIC    SCHOOL    LAWS 

1916,  ch.  506. 

129.  All   certificates   or   diplomas   issued  to   students  having 
completed  a  course  of  study  in  a  county  high  school  shall  show 
the  group  to  which  said  high  school  belongs,  the  course  taken 
by  the  student,  and  the  number  of  years  of  instruction  given; 
and  the  graduates  of  any  approved  high  school  providing  a  four 
years'  course  shall  be  admitted  without  examination  to  the  fresh- 
man class  of  any  college  of  Maryland  receiving  financial  aid  from 
the  State;  provided  said  graduate  pursued  the  academic  course 
in  the  high  schools. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

130.  The  State  Board  of  Education,  subject  to  the  provisions 
of  this  article,  shall  prepare  the  course  of  study  to  be  used  by 
the  several  groups  of  high  schools  described  in  this  article,  and 
shall  have  authority  to  make  any  by-laws  for  their  government 
not  at  variance  with  the  provisions  of  this  article. 

CHAPTER  18— Schools  for  Colored  Children. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

131.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  county  board  of  education  to 
establish  one  or  more  public  schools  in  each  election  district  for 
all  colored  youths,  between  six  and  twenty  years  of  age,  to  which 
admission  shall  be  free,  and  which  shall  be  kept  open  not  less 
than  one  hundred  and  forty  (140)   actual  school  days,  or  seven 
months  in  each  year ;  provided,  that  the  colored  population  of  any 
such  district  shall,  in  the  judgment  of  the  county  board  of  educa- 
tion, warrant  the  establishment  of  such  a  school  or  schools. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

132.  Each  colored  school  shall  be  under  the -direction  of  a  dis- 
trict board  of  school  trustees,  to  be  appointed  by  the  county  board 
of  education,  subject  to  the  provisions  of  section  7  of  this  article, 
and  schools  for  colored  children  shall  be  subject  to  all  the  pro- 
visions of  this  article. 

1918,  ch.  81. 

132-A.  No  teacher  regularly  employed  in  the  public  schools 
for  colored  children  in  the  State  of  Maryland  shall  receive  a 
salary  of  less  than  thirty  dollars  ($30)  per  month;  provided 
that  any  such  teacher  holding  a  second  grade  certificate  shall 


OP  MARYLAND.  79 

Deceive  a  salary  of  not  less  than  thirty-five  dollars  ($35)  per 
month;  and  provided,  further,  that  any  such  teacher  holding 
a  first  grade  certificate  shall  receive  a  salary  of  not  less  than 
forty  dollars  ($40)  per  month. 

The  average  of  the  annual  salaries  paid  all  teachers  regularly 
employed  in  the  public  schools  for  colored  children  in  any  county 
of  this  State  having  a  seven  months'  school  term  for  colored 
children,  shall  be  not  less  than  two  hundred  and  fifty  dollars 
($250)  in  any  such  county. 


CHAPTER  19— Source  and  Distribution  of  Income. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

133.  All  money  appropriated,  subsequent  to  the  enactment  of 
this  section  by  the  General  Assembly  of  the  State  of  Maryland, 
and  the  receipts  from  any  state  public  school  tax  levied  by  the 
General  Assembly,  to  aid  in  support  of  public  schools,  shall  con- 
stitute what  shall  be  known  as  the  General  State  School  Fund. 
The  Comptroller  shall  charge  against  and  pay  as  hereinbefore  or 
hereinafter  provided  from  the  General  State  School  Fund,  the 
annual  appropriation*  made  by  the  General  Assembly  for  the  sup- 
port of  the  State  Department  of  Education,  including  the  ex- 


*NOTE — The  appropriations  for  the  public  schools  for  each  of  the  years 
1919  and  1920  are  as  follows: 

State  Department  of  Education $25,000.00 

Maryland  State  Normal  School   ' 50,000.00 

Frostburg  State  Normal  School 12,500.00 

Maryland  Normal  and  Industrial  School 10,000.00 

For  Retired  Teachers'  Pensions 34,000.00 

For  State  Aid  to  Approved  High  Schools 140,000.00 

For  State  Aid  to  Colored  Industrial  Schools 27,000.00 

For  part  payment  of  certain  salaries 60,000.00 

For  Free  Text  Books   150,000.00 

For  Materials  of  Instruction  and  Schools  Supplies 50,000.00 

For  Printing  Annual  Report  

For  Schools  of  Counties  and  City  of  Baltimore 1,425,500.00 

Special  Appropriation  for  Schools  of  Garrett  County 

Special  Appropriation  for  Calvert  County 1,000.00 

Special  Appropriation  for  Calvert  County  High  School  Building 

For  Vocational  -Education   5,000.00 

Grand  Total  to  Public  Schools $2,000,000.00 


80  PUBLIC    SCHOOL    LAWS 

penses  of  the  State  Board  of  Education,  and  the  support  and 
expenses  of  the  office  of  the  State  Superintendent  of  Schools ;  the 
annual  appropriation  for  the  maintenance  and  support  of  the 
state  normal  school  at  Towson ;  of  the  state  normal  school  No. 
2  at  Frostburg ;  and  of  the  state  normal  school  No.  3  at  Bowie ;  the 
annual  appropriation  for  retired  teachers'  pensions;  the  annual  ap- 
propriation for  state  aid  to  approved  high  schools ;  the  annual  ap- 
propriation for  state  aid  to  approved  colored  industrial  schools; 
the  annual  appropriation  for  part  payment  by  the  State  of  the 
salaries  of  county  superintendents  and  of  the  Superintendent  of 
Schools  of  Baltimore  City,  and  of  one  supervisor,  and  of  one  attend- 
ance officer  in  each  of  the  several  counties  and  the  City  of  Balti- 
more; the  annual  appropriation  for  the  purchase  of  text  books, 
materials  of  instruction,  and  school  supplies.  But  no  special  ap- 
propriation to  any  county,  to  any  academy  or  to  any  college  or 
university  may  be  paid  from  the  General  State  School  Fund. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

136.  Such  appropriations  as  are  made  by  the  General  Assembly 
for  the  payment  of  the  expenses  of  the  State  Board  of  Education 
and  for  the  support  and  expenses  of  the  office  of  the  State  Su- 
perintendent of  Schools  shall  be  paid  each  year  in  equal  instal- 
ments on  the  first  day  of  January,  March,  June,  and  October,  to 
the  Treasurer  of  the  State  Board  of  Education.     On  or  before  said 
dates  the  Comptroller  shall  draw  his  warrant  on  the  Treasurer 
of  the  State  of  Maryland  for  the  respective  amounts  due  on  said 
dates  to  the  Treasurer  of  the  State  Board  of  Education.     On  the 
receipt  of  the  warrant  of  the  Comptroller,  the  Treasurer  of  the 
State  of  Maryland  shall  immediately  pay  the  amount  due  on  said 
dates  to  the  Treasurer  of  the  State  Board  of  Education. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

137.  The  State  Superintendent  of  Schools  shall  certify  to  the 
Comptroller,  on  or  before  the  last  day  of  December,  February, 
May,  and  September,  the  amounts  due  on  said  dates  to  the  Board 
of  Public  School  Commissioners  of  the  City  of  Baltimore  and  to 
the  county  boards  of  education  of  the  several  counties,  on  account 
of  the  part  payment  by  the  State  of  the  salary  of  county  super- 
intendents,   Superintendent   of   Schools   of   Baltimore   City,   and 
one  supervisor  and  one  attendance  officer  in  the  City  of  Baltimore 


OF  MARYLAND.  81 

and  in  each  of  the  several  counties.  The  Comptroller  shall,  on 
or  before  the  first  day  of  January,  March,  June,  and  October,  draw 
his  warrant  on  the  Treasurer  of  the  State  of  Maryland  for  the 
respective  amounts  due  the  City  of  Baltimore  and  the  treasurers 
of  the  county  boards  of  education  of  the  several  counties.  On 
the  receipt  of  the  warrant  of  the  Comptroller,  the  Treasurer  of 
the  State  of  Maryland  shall  immediately  pay  the  respective 
amounts  due  the  City  of  Baltimore  and  the  treasurers  of  the  county 
boards  of  education  of  the  several  counties. 

1918,  ch.  488. 

138.  After  all  deductions  are  made  from  the  general  state 
school  fund  as  provided  for  in  section  138  of  this  article,  the 
Comptroller  shall  next  apportion  the  sum  of  $15,000.00,  or  so 
much  thereof  as  may  be  necessary,  as  state  aid  to  such  third 
group  of  high  schools,  as  may  be  established  by  the  State  Board 
of  Education,  the  same  to  be  in  addition  to  the  two  groups  pro- 
vided for  in  section  126  of  this  article,  and  high  schools  included 
within  such  third  group  shall  fulfill  the  following  minimum 
requirements:  (a)  they  shall  have  an  enrollment  of  not  less  than 
twenty-five  pupils,  and  an  average  daily  attendance  of  not  less 
than  twenty  pupils;  (b)  they  shall  employ  not  less  than  two 
regular  academic  teachers;  (c)  and  in  other  respects  they  shall 
fulfill  the  minimum  requirements  prescribed  by  section  126  of 
this  article  for  high  schools  of  the  second  group,  except  the 
requirements  set  forth  in  sub-division  (e)  therefor.  The  said 
sum  of  $15,000.00  apportioned  as  state  aid  to  the  third  group  of 
high  schools  shall  be  distributed  among  the  schools  in  said  group 
as  follows:  A  sum  equal  to  one-half  the  salary  of  the  principal 
teacher,  but  not  to  exceed  the  sum  of  $500.00,  and  a  sum  equal 
to  one-half  the  salary  of  the  second  teacher,  but  not  to  exceed 
the  sum  of  $400.00.  After  provision  has  thus  been  made  for 
such  third  group  of  high  schools  as  may  be  established  as  afore- 
said, then  the  Comptroller  shall  apportion  on  or  before  the  last 
day  of  September,  the  remainder  of  the  general  state  school 
fund  of  each  year  to  the  several  counties  and  the  City  of  Balti- 
more, as  follows:  Two-thirds  shall  be  apportioned  on  the  basis 
of  the  population  between  the  ages  of  six  and  fourteen  years  as 
given  by  the  latest  available  biennial  school  census  required  by 
sections  21B,  25M  and  75  of  this  article ;  provided,  that  the  latest 


82  PUBLIC    SCHOOL    LAWS 

Federal  census  shall  be  employed  until  the  biennial  school  census 
becomes  available;  and  one-third  shall  be  apportioned  upon  the 
basis  of  the  aggregate  days  of  school  attendance  during  the  pre- 
ceding school  year  as  certified  to  by  the  State  Superintendent  of 
Schools;  provided  that  the  attendance  of  pupils  in  a  state-aided 
high  school  shall  not  be  counted  in  apportioning  the  general 
state  school  fund. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

139.  On  or  before  the  first  day  of  January,  March,  June,  and 
October,  in  each  year,  the  Treasurer  of  the  State,  upon  the  war- 
rant of  the  Comptroller,  shall  pay  in  the  proportion  required  by 
section  138  of  this  article,  after  deductions  are  made  as  provided 
in  section  133  of  this  article,  what  remains  from  the  amount  re- 
ceived to  the  credit  of  the  General  State  School  Fund  to  the 
treasurers  of  the  county  boards  of  education  of  the  several  coun- 
ties and  to  the  City  of  Baltimore.  He  shall  equalize,  as  far  as 
may  be  possible,  the  sums  to  be  paid  on  each  of  the  said  days,  and 
shall  notify  the  State  Superintendent  of  Schools  of  said  appor- 
tionment. Provided,  that  the  Comptroller  shall  withhold  from 
any  county  or  from  the  City  of  Baltimore  any  instalment  from 
the  General  State  School  Fund  on  notification  from  the  State  Su- 
perintendent of  Schools  that  said  county  or  City  of  Baltimore  is 
not  complying  with  the  provisions  of  this  article. 

1872,  ch.  377. 

*.  140.  When  the  levy  of  any  year  shall  have  been  collected, 
the  Comptroller  shall  apportion  among  the  several  counties  and 
the  city  of  Baltimore  the  amount  allowed  on  the  levy  for  insol- 
vencies and  abatements,  and  shall  transmit  a  statement  of  the 
same  to  the  State  Board  of  Education. 

CHAPTER  20 — Colored  Industrial  Schools. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

142.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  county  board  of  education  in 
each  county  of  the  State,  when  in  their  judgment  there  is  need 
thereof,  to  provide  a  suitable  building  or  room,  or  rooms,  con- 
nected with  one  of  the  colored  schools  of  said  county,  for  the 
establishment  of  a  central  colored  industrial  school,  and  to  pro- 
vide for  the  maintenance  of  such  central  colored  industrial  school 
where  instruction  shall  be  given  daily  in  domestic  science  and 


OF  MARYLAND. 


83 


in  such  industrial  arts  as  may  be  determined  by  the  county  board 
of  education.  One-half  of  the  appropriation  hereinafter  provided 
shall  be  used  for  the  maintenance  of  such  industrial  school. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

143.  Whenever  any  such  colored  industrial  school  is  opened 
in  any  county,  the  secretary  of  the  county  board  of  education 
shall  report  the  fact  to  the  State  Superintendent  of  Schools,  and 
he,  or  an  assistant  designated  by  him,  shall  visit  the  said  school 
and  shall  give,  if  in  his  judgment  it  is  warranted,  a  certificate 
of  approval  of  the  conditions  and  the  plan  upon  which  said  in- 
dustrial school  is  conducted,  to  the  secretary  of  the  county  board 
of  education.     The  State  Superintendent  of  Schools  shall  submit 
annually  to  the  Comptroller  of  the  Treasury  of  the  State  on  or 
before  the  last  day  of  September  a  complete  list  of  such  schools 
as  are  entitled  to  receive  the  special  appropriation  for  industrial 
education. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

144.  The   Comptroller,  upon  receiving  the  certificate   of  ap- 
proval from  the  State  Superintendent  of  Schools,  is  hereby  author- 
ized and  directed  to  issue  his  warrant,  on  the  first  day  of  Oc- 
tober, each  year,  upon  the  Treasurer  of  the  State  for  the  sum  of 
fifteen  hundred  dollars,  payable  to  the  order  of  the  treasurer  of 
the  county  board  of  education  that  has  inaugurated  such  a  colored 
industrial   school,   in   equal   quarterly   instalments,    at   the   time 
when  the  General  State  School  Fund  is  distributed,  as  provided 
for  in  this  article.     One-half  of  said  appropriation  shall  be  used 
for  the  support  of  one  colored  industrial  school  in  the  county 
and  one-half  shall  be  used  by  the  county  board  of  education 
of  the  county  where  said  colored  industrial  school  is  located  for 
the  employment  of  a  capable  and  trained  colored  supervisor  of 
colored  schools,  who  shall  be  required  to  visit,  under  the  direc- 
tion of  the  county  superintendent,  all  the  colored  schools  of  the 
county  as  often  as  the  county  superintendent  may  direct,  and 
shall  cause  instruction  of  an  industrial  character  to  be  made  a 
daily  part  of  the  work  of  every  colored  school.    The  management 
and  control  of  such  an  industrial  school  and  the  employment  of  a 
supervisor  shall,  subject  to  the  provisions  of  this  .article,  be  in 
the  hands  of  the  county  board  of  education  of  the  county  where 
such  school  is  located. 


84  PUBLIC    SCHOOL    LAWS 

By-law  45. 

The  board  of  education  of  a  county  receiving  a  state  appropriation  for  a  colored 
supervisor  of  colored  schools  shall  appoint  a  capable  colored  man  or  woman  as 
supervisor,  with  at  least  the  academic  and  professional  preparation  required  for  a 
first  grade  elementary  school  teacher's  certificate,  and  the  appointment  shall  not 
be  valid  until  approved  by  the  State  Superintendent  of  Schools. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

145.  No  appropriation  for  the  full  amount  of  fifteen  hundred 
dollars,  authorized  in  the  preceding  section  for  the  support  of 
one  central  colored  industrial  school  and  for  the  employment  of 
a  colored  school  supervisor  in  such  county  where  the  colored 
industrial  school  may  be  located,  shall  be  paid  as  authorized  after 
the  first  annual  appropriation,  unless  said  colored  industrial 
school  shall  have  had  for  the  preceding  year  an  average  attend- 
ance of  thirty  pupils  and  as  many  as  ten  colored  schools  in  the 
county  where  such  industrial  school  is  located.  If  in  any  county 
where  there  are  less  than  ten  colored  schools,  a  colored  industrial 
school  shall  be  established,  the  State  Superintendent  of  Schools, 
in  his  discretion,  may  recommend  the  payment  of  a  part  of  said 
appropriation,  not  to  exceed  one-half  the  amount,  or  seven  hun- 
dred and  fifty  dollars;  and  when  such  recommendation  is  made 
to  the  Comptroller,  he  is  authorized  and  directed  to  issue  his 
warrant  upon  the  Treasurer  of  the  State  for  said  amount,  pay- 
able to  the  order  of  the  treasurer  of  the  county  board  of  educa- 
tion. 

Fanners'   Institutes. 

1896,  ch.  102. 

*  148.     A  department  of  "Farmers'  Institutes"  shall  be  estab- 
lished for  the  State  of  Maryland;  the  purpose  of  these  institutes 
shall  be  to  bring  before  the  farmers  of  the  State  such  information 
as  will  effectually  remedy  many  of  the  existing  evils  now  preva- 
lent in  every  department  of  agriculture  as  now  pursued  in  Mary- 
land ;  and  at  said  institutes  men  competent  to  instruct  shall  be 
present,  and  such  topics  shall  be  discussed  as  pertain  to  the  prin- 
cipal agricultural  interests  of  the  several  sections. 

1896,  ch.  102. 

*  149.     One   such  institute  shall  be  held  in  each  year  in  each 
county  of  the   State,  and  an  additional  one  in  each  county,  if 
deemed  necessarv  and  desirable. 


OF  MARYLAND.  85 

1896,  ch.  102. 

:"  150.  Said  institutes  shall  be  under  the  direction  of  a  director, 
to  be  appointed  by  the  trustees  of  the  Maryland  State  College  of 
Agriculture,  who  shall  be  a  person  well  versed  in  the  profession  of 
agriculture,  and  of  practical  experience,  whose  title  shall  be 
" Director  of  Farmers'  Institutes,"  whose  salary  shall  be  fixed  by 
said  board  of  trustees  and  paid  out  of  the  appropriation  herein- 
after provided,  and  whose  duty  shall  be  defined  by  said  board; 
the  said  institutes  shall  be  a  department  of  said  college  similar 
to  the  experiment  station;  all  expenses  of  said  institutes  shall 
be  paid  out  of  said  appropriation;  and  said  board  of  trustees  is 
invested  with  all  powers  necessary  to  carry  into  effect  the  pro- 
visions of  this  subtitle,  but  no  expenses  shall  be  incurred  beyond 
the  amount  appropriated. 

1904,  ch.  557. 

:!<  151.  The  sum  of  six  thousand  dollars  per  annum  is  hereby 
appropriated  for  the  formation  and  support  of  farmers '  institutes 
in  this  State;  and  the  comptroller  is  hereby  authorized  to  issue 
his  warrant  annually  upon  the  Treasurer  for  the  said  sum  of 
money  out  of  any  fund  not  otherwise  appropriated ;  the  said  sum 
shall  be  payable  to  the  order  of  the  Maryland  State  College  of 
Agriculture  on  or  after  the  first  of  October  of  each  fiscal  year,  and 
the  first  yearly  payment  shall  be  made  .during  the  fiscal  year 
ending  September  30,  1904. 

1896,  ch.  102. 

*  152.     Accurate  accounts  of  the  expenditures  of  the  money  re- 
ceived under  this,  subtitle  shall  be  kept  by  the  registrar  of  the 
Maryland  State  College  of  Agriculture  separate  from  the  general 
college  accounts;  and  an  itemized  and  detailed  report  of  such 
expenditures  shall  be  made  annually  and  published  in  such  manner 
as  the  board  of  trustees  of  the  Maryland  State  College  of  Agri- 
culture shall  direct. 

CHAPTER  21— School  Attendance. 

*  153.     Every   child   residing  in  Baltimore   city,   between  eight 
and  fourteen  years  of  age,  shall  attend  some  day  school  regu- 
larly, as  defined  in  section  131  of  this  subtitle,  during  the  entire 
period  of  each  year  the  public  day  schools  in  said  city  in  which 
said  child  resides  are  in  session,  unless  it  can  be  shown  that  the 


86  PUBLIC    SCHOOL    LAWS 

child  is  elsewhere  receiving  regularly  thorough  instruction  dur- 
ing said  period  in  the  studies  usually  taught  in  the  said  public 
schools  to  children  of  the  same  age ;  provided,  that  the  superin- 
tendent or  principal  of  any  school  or  person  or  persons  authorized 
by  said  superintendent  or  principal  may  excuse  cases  of  neces- 
sary absence  among  its  enrolled  pupils;  and  provided,  further, 
that  the  provisions  of  this  section  shall  not  apply  to  a  child  whose 
mental  or  physical  condition  is  such  as  to  render  its  instruction 
as  above  described  inexpedient  or  impracticable.  Every  person 
having  under  his  control  a  child  between  eight  and  fourteen 
years  of  age  shall  cause  such  child  to  attend  school  or  receive  in- 
structions as  required  by  this  section.  Children  over  fourteen 
years  of  age  and  under  the  age  of  sixteen  years,  and  every  per- 
son having  under  his  control  such  a  child,  shall  be  subject  to  the 
requirements  of  this  section,  unless  such  children  are  regularly 
and  lawfully  employed  to  labor  at  home  or  elsewhere. 

*  154.     Any  person  who  has  a  child  under  his  control  and  who 
fails  to  comply  with  any  of  the  provisions  of  the  preceding  sec- 
tion shall  be  deemed  guilty  of  a  misdemeanor,  and  be  fined  not 
exceeding  five  dollars  for  each  offense. 

*  155.     Any  person  who  induces  or  attempts  to  induce  any  child 
to  absent  himself  unlawfully  from  school,  or  employs  or  harbors 
while  school  is  in  session  any  child  absent  unlawfully  from  school, 
shall  be  deemed  guilty  of  a  misdemeanor,  and.  be  fined  not  more 
than  fifty  dollars. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

156.  The  Board  of  School  Commissioners  of  Baltimore  City  shall 
appoint,  and  may  remove  at  pleasure,  one  chief  attendance  officer, 
male  or  female ;  and  in  addition  they  may  appoint  and  may  re- 
move at  pleasure,  such  number  of  attendance  officers,  male  or 
female,  not  exceeding  eighteen,  as  they  may  deem  proper.  The 
compensation  of  such  officers  shall  be  fixed  and  paid  by  the 
Mayor  and  City  Council  of  Baltimore.  The  county  board  of 
education  of  each  of  the  several  counties  shall  appoint,  with  the 
approval  of  the  county  superintendent,  and  may  remove  at  pleas- 
ure, with  the  approval  of  the  county  superintendent,  at  least 
one  attendance  officer,  male  or  female,  who  shall  give  his  or 
her  entire  time  to  the  duties  of  the  office;  and  such  additional 


OF  MARYLAND.  87 

attendance  officers  may  be  appointed  as  the  county  board  of  edu- 
cation may  deem  necessary. 

*  157.     It  shall  be  the  duty  of  each  attendance  officer,  and  said 
officer  shall  have  full  power  within  the  city  or  county  for  which 
he  or  she  may  be  appointed,  to  arrest  without  warrant  any  child 
between  eight  and  sixteen  years  of  age  found  away  from  his 
home  and  who  is  a  truant  from  school,  or  who  fails  to  attend 
school,  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  this  subtitle.     The 
said   officer   shall   forthwith   deliver   a    child   so   arrested   either 
to  the  custody  of  a  person  in  parental  relation  to  the  child  or  to 
the  teacher  from  whose  school  such  child  is  then  a  truant;  but 
if  a  child  be  a  habitual  or  incorrigible  truant,  said  officer  shall 
bring  him  before  the  magistrate  for  juvenile  causes,  or,  in  a 
count}'  where  such  court  does  not  exist,  before  a  justice  of  the 
peace  having  jurisdiction,  who  may  commit  him  to  a  parental 
school,  as  provided  for  in  the  next  section,  or  to  some  other  suit- 
able institution  for  children  located  in  thie  State  of  Maryland, 
where  no  person  convicted  of  any  crime  or  any  offense  other 
than  truancy  shall  or  may  be  confined;  provided,  however,  that 
such  court  or  justice  may  in  its  or  his  discretion  parole  such  child 
instead  of  committing  him  as  aforesaid.     The  attendance  officer 
shall  promptly  report  every  such  arrest  to  the  school  commis- 
sioners of  the  said  city  or  county,  respectively,  or  to  such  person^ 
or  persons  as  they  may  direct. 

*  158.     The  Mayor  and  City  Council  of  Baltimore  and  the  several 
boards  of  school  commissioners  for  the  counties  may  establish 
schools  to  be  known  as  parental  schools  for  children  between 
eight  and  sixteen  years  of  age  who  are  habitual  truants  from 
school  or  from  instruction:  the  Mayor  and  City  Council  of  Balti- 
more may.  in  its  discretion,  establish  suck  school  or  schools  either 
in  Baltimore  City  or  in  one  or  more  counties  of  the  State.     Two 
or  more  boards  of  school  commissioners  of  adjoining  counties 
may,   in  their  discretion,  jointly  establish  a  parental  school  or 
schools  for  the  joint  use  of  the  said  counties,  and  said  school  or 
schools  may  be  established  in  any  one  of  the  said  counti- 
jointly  acting.     The  Mayor  and  City  Council  of  Baltimore  and 
the  several  boards  of  school  commissioners  for  the  counties  may 
also  provide  for  the  confinement,  maintenance,  and  instruction 

ich  habitually  truant  children  in  the   schools   respectively 


88  PUBLIC    SCHOOL   LAWS 

established  by  them  as  aforesaid,  for  such  period  and  under  such 
rules  and  regulations  as  they  may  have  respectively  prescribed. 
The  magistrate  for  juvenile  causes  or  justice  of  the  peace  having 
jurisdiction  may  commit  such  habitually  truant  children  to  any 
of  the  parental  schools  for  the  city  or  county  in  which  such  chil- 
dren may  reside,  but  no  person  convicted  of  any  crime  or  of  any 
such  offense  other  than  truancy  shall  be  committed  to  any  such 
schools. 

*  159.     It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  Police  Commissioners  of  Balti- 
more City,  at  the  same  time  that  the  census  of  legal  voters  in 
said  city  is  taken  under  their  direction,  as  provided  by  Section  18 
of  Article  33  of  the  Code  of  Public  General  Laws,  also  to  cause 
to  be  made  by  the  members  of  the  force  under  their  control 
annually  a  separate  record  of  the  full  name,  age,  color,  and  sex 
of  every  child  between  six  and  sixteen  years  of  age  in  each  pre- 
cinct of  the  said  city  and  the  place  where,  and  the  year  and  month 
when,  such  children  last  attended  school,  together  with  the  name 
and  address  of  the  parents,  guardians  or  persons  in  parental  rela- 
tion, and  employers  of  such  children,  which  record  shall  be  fur- 
nished by  said  Police  Commissioners  to  the  Board  of  School  Com- 
missioners of  Baltimore  City.     Whosoever  has  under  his  control 
a  child  between  said  ages  and  withholds  information  in  his  pos- 
session from  any  officer  demanding  it  relating  to  the  items  afore- 
said, or  makes  any  false  statement  in  regard  to  the  same,  shall 
be  deemed  guilty  of  a  misdemeanor,  and  be  fined  not  more  than 
twenty  dollars. 

*  160.     It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  principal  or  head  teacher  of 
every  public  or  private  school  in  this  State  to  report  immediately 
to  the  school  commissioners  of  the  county  where  such  school  is 
located,  or  of  Baltimore  City,  if  located  therein,  or  to  an  attend- 
ance officer  or  other  official  designated  by  such  commissionerSj 
the  names  of  all  children  enrolled  in  his  or  her  school  who  have 
been  absent  or  irregular  in  attendance  three  days,  or  their  equiv- 
alent, without  lawful  excuse,  within  a  period  of  eight  consecu- 
tive weeks. 

*  161.     Attendance  officers  may  visit  all  establishments  where 
minors   are   employed   in  their  several  cities  and   counties  and 
ascertain  whether  any  minors  are  employed  therein  contrary  to 
law.     Attendance  officers  may  require  that  the  certificates  pro- 


OF  MARYLAND.  89 

vided  for  in  Article  100  of  the  Code  of  Public  General  Laws  of 
Maryland  relating  to  minors  employed  in  such  establishments 
shall  be  produced  for  inspection. 

*  161A.  Any  person  violating  any  provisions  of  this  subtitle 
where  no  special  provision  as  to  the  penalty  for  such  violation 
is  made  shall  be  deemed  guilty  of  a  misdemeanor,  and  be  fined 
not  exceeding  fifty  dollars  for  each  offense. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

162.  Every  child,  residing  in  any  county  of  the  State,  being 
seven  years  of  age,  and  under  thirteen  years  of  age,  shall  attend 
some  public  school  during  the  entire  period  of  each  year  that  the 
public  schools  of  the  county  are  in  session ;  unless  it  can  be  shown 
to  the  county  superintendent  of  schools  that  such  child  is  else- 
where receiving  regular  and  thorough  instruction  during  such 
period  in  the  studies  usually  taught  in  the  public  schools  of  the 
county  to  children  of  the  same  age;  provided,  that  the  superin- 
tendent or  principal  of  any  school,  or  persons  duly  authorized 
by  such  superintendent,  may  excuse  cases  of  necessary  and  legal 
absence  among  such  enrolled  pupils,  and  provided,  further,  that 
the  provisions  of  this  section  shall  not  apply  to  children  whose 
mental  or  physical  condition  is  such  as  to  render  the  instruction 
above  described  inexpedient  or  impracticable.  Every  .person 
having  under  his  control  a  child  seven  years  of  age  and  under 
thirteen  years  of  age,  shall  cause  such  child  to  attend  school  or 
receive  instruction  as  required  by  this  section. 

Every  child,  residing  in  any  county  of  the  State,  being  thirteen 
years  of  age  or  fourteen  years  of  age,  shall  attend  some  public 
school  not  less  than  one  hundred  days,  as  nearly  consecutive  as 
possible,  beginning  not  later  than  November  first,  during  the 
period  of  each  year  that  the  public  schools  of  the  county  are  in 
session,  and  such  child  shall  attend  some  public  school  the  entire 
period  of  each  year  that  the  public  schools  of  the  county  are  in 
session,  if  not  regularly  and  lawfully  employed  to  labor  at  home 
or  elsewhere,  unless  it  can  be  shown  to  the  county  superintendent 
of  schools  that  such  a  child  is  elsewhere  receiving  regular  and 
thorough  instruction  for  such  period  in  the  studies  usually  taught 
in  the  public  schools  of  the  county  to  children  of  these  ages; 
provided,  that  the  provisions  of  this  section  shall  not  apply  to 


90  PUBLIC    SCHOOL    LAWS 

children  whose  mental  and  physical  condition  is  such  as  to  render 
the  instruction  above  described  inexpedient  or  impracticable. 
Every  person  having  under  his  control  a  child  thirteen  years  of 
age  or  fourteen  years  of  age,  shall  cause  such  child  to  attend 
school  or  receive  instruction  as  required  by  this  section. 

Every  child  residing  in  any  county  of  the  State,  being  fifteen 
years  of  age  or  sixteen  years  of  age,  who  has  not  completed  the 
work  of  the  public  elementary  school,  shall  attend  some  public 
school  not  less  than  one  hundred  days,  as  nearly  consecutive  as 
possible,  beginning  not  later  than  November  first,  during  the 
period  of  each  year  the  public  schools  of  the  county  are  in  session ; 
and  such  child  shall  attend  some  public  school  the  entire  period 
of  each  year  the  public  schools  of  the  county  are  in  session,  if 
not  regularly  and  lawfully  employed  to  labor  at  home  or  else- 
where, unless  it  ean  be  shown  to  the  county  superintendent  of 
schools  that  such  child  is  elsewhere  receiving  regular  and  thor- 
ough instruction  for  said  period  in  the  studies  usually  taught  in 
the  public  schools  of  the  county  to  children  of  these  ages;  pro- 
vided, that  the  provisions  of  this  section  shall  not  apply  to  chil- 
dren whose  mental  and  physical  condition  is  such  as  to  render 
the  instruction  above  described  inexpedient  or  impracticable. 
Every  person  having  under  his  control  a  child  fifteen  years  of 
age  or  sixteen  years  of  age,  shall  cause  such  child  to  attend  school 
or  receive  instruction  as  required  by  this  section. 

Any  person  who  has  a  child  under  his  control  and  who  fails 
to  comply  with  any  of  the  provisions  of  this  section,  shall  be 
guilty  of  a  misdemeanor,  and  shall  be  fined  not  exceeding  five 
dollars  for  each  offense. 

By-law  46. 

Absence  from  school  within  the  compulsory  attendance  ages  shall  be  considered 
lawful  only  under  the  following  conditions  : 

1.  Death  in  the  immediate  family. 

2.  Illness  of  child. 

The  principal  shall  require  a  physician's  certificate  from  the  parent  or 
guardian  of  a  child  reported  continuously  absent  for  illness. 

3.  Quarantine. 

Quarantine  shall  be  understood  to  mean  isolation  by  order  of  the  local  or  of 
the  State  Board  of  Health,  and  a  physician's  certificate  certifying  the  time 
of  absence  required  by  the  quarantine  shall  be  secured  by  the  principal. 

4.  Court  summons. 

5.  Incapacity.      (Physical.) 

"Physical  Incapacity"  shall  be  interpreted  as  meaning  such  a  state  of  ill- 
health  or  physical  defect  as  shall  render  the  instruction  of  the  child  im- 
practicable in  any  other  than  a  special  class  or  school ;  and  the  attendance 
officer  may  require  of  the  parent  a  certificate  to  this  effect,  signed  by  a 
reputable  physician. 

6.  Incapacity.      (Mental.) 

"Mental  Incapacity"  shall  be  interpreted  to  mean  feeble-mindedness  or  such 
nervous  disorders  as  make  it  either  impossible  for  such  a  child  to  profit  by 
the  instruction  given  in  the  school,  or  impractical  for  the  teacher  properly 


OF  MARYLAND.  91 

to  instruct  the  normal  pupils  of  the  school ;  and  the  attendance  officer  may 
require   of   the    parent   a    certificate   to   this   effect,   signed   by    a    reputable 
physician. 
7.     Violent  Storms. 

"Violent  Storms"  shall  be  interpreted  to  mean  only  such  conditions  of  the 
weather  as  would  endanger  the  health  or  safety  of 'the  child  when  in  transit 
to  and  from  school. 

By-law  47. 

For  the  purpose  of  clarity  certain  terms  of  Section  162,  Chapter  506,  of  the  Acts 
of  1916  are  defined  as  follows  : 

1.  "Being  thirteen  years  of  age,  or  fourteen  years  of  age"  shall  be  construed  to 

mean  from  the  thirteenth  to  the  fifteenth  birthdays. 

2.  "Being  fifteen  years  of  age,  or  sixteen  years  of   age"   shall  be   construed  to 

mean  from  the  fifteenth  to  the  seventeenth  birthdays. 

3.  "Elementary  School"  shall  be  construed  to  mean  the  elementary  school  course 

of  seven  grades,  as  set  forth  in  the  State  Course  of  Study. 

1918,  ch.  441. 

168.  Every  deaf  or  blind  child  between  six  and  eighteen  years 
of  age  shall  attend  some  school  for  the  deaf  or  blind  for  eight 
months,  or  during  the  scholastic  year,  unless  it  can  be  shown 
that  the  child  is  elsewhere  receiving  regularly  thorough  instruc- 
tion during  the  said  period,  in  studies  usually  taught  in  the  said 
public  schools  to  children  of  the  same  age ;  provided,  that  the 
superintendent  or  principal  of  any  school  for  the  deaf  or  blind, 
or  person  or  persons  duly  authorized  by  such  superintendent  or 
principal,  may  excuse  cases  of  necessary  absence  among  its  en- 
rolled pupils;  and  provided,  further,  that  the  provisions  of  this 
section  shall  not  apply  to  a  child  whose  physical  condition  is  such 
as  to  render  its  instruction,  as  above  described,  inexpedient  or 
impracticable.  Every  person  having  under  his  or  her  control  a 
child  between  six  and  eighteen  years  of  age  shall  cause  such  child 
to  attend  school  or  receive  instruction  as  required  by  this  section. 

1906,  ch.  236. 

*  169.     Provided,  that  where  the  parent,  guardian,  or  any  other 
person  having  control  of  a  deaf  or  blind  child  is  not  financially 
able  to  pay  for  the  transportation  of  the  child  to  and  from  such 
school,  the  same  shall  be  paid  out  of  the  state  appropriation  for 
the  school  which  the  child  attends ;  provided,  that  three  reputable 
male  citizens  over  the  age  of  twenty-one  years,  residents  of  the 
school  district  in  which  the  said  child  resides,  shall  certify  under 
oath  that  to  the  best  of  their  knowledge  and  belief  the  parent, 
guardian,   or   other  person  having  control  of  such  child  is  not 
financially  able  to  pay  the  expense  of  the  child  to  and  from  school. 

1906,  ch.  236. 

*  170.     Any  person  who  has  such  a  child  under  his  or  her  con- 


92  PUBLIC    SCHOOL    LAWS 

trol,  and  who  fails  to  comply  with  any  of  the  provisions  of  the 
preceding  section,  shall  be  deemed  guilty  of  a  misdemeanor,  and 
shall,  upon  conviction  thereof  before  a  justice  of  the  peace,  be 
fined  a  sum  not  exceeding  five  dollars  for  each  offense. 

1906,  ch.  236: 

*  171.  Any  person  who  induces  or  attempts  to  induce  any  deaf 
or  blind  child  to  absent  himself  or  herself  unlawfully  from  school, 
or  employs  or  harbors  any  such  child  absent  unlawfully  from 
school,,  while  said  school  is  in  session,  shall  be  deemed  guilty  of 
a  misdemeanor,  and  shall,  upon  conviction  thereof  before  a  justice 
of  the  peace,  be  fined  a  sum  not  exceeding  fifty  dollars  for  each 
offense. 

1918,  ch.  441. 

172.  The  principal  teacher  of  every  public  school  in  the  coun- 
ties and  the  truant  officers  of  the  City  of  Baltimore  shall,  within 
thirty  days  from  the  beginning  of  the  school  year  succeeding 
March  31,   1906,   furnish   the   board   of   county   school   commis- 
sioners, or  the  Board  of  Education  of  Baltimore  City,  as  the 
case  may  be,  with  the  names  of  all  children  who  are  deaf,  blind,  or 
feeble-minded,  between  the  ages  of  six  and  eighteen  years,  inclu- 
sive, living  within  the  boundaries  of  his  or  her  school  district 
who  do  not  attend  school.     And  the  board  of  county  school  com- 
missioners, or  Board  of  Education  of  Baltimore  City,  shall  certify 
forthwith  the  names  of  all  ^uch  deaf,  blind,  or  feeble-minded 
children  to  the  respective  principals  of  the  state  schools  for  such 
children. 

Miscellaneous. 

1916,  ch.  506. 

173.  Wherever  the  words  "superintendent  of  public  educa- 
tion" occur  in  this  article,  they  shall  be  construed  to  mean  State 
Superintendent  of  Schools;  wherever  the  words  "board  of  county 
school  commissioners"  occur,  they  shall  be  construed  to  mean 
"county  board  of  education;"  and  where  the  words  "board  of 
district  school  trustees"  occur,  they  shall  be  construed  to  mean 
"district  board  of  school  trustees."    Nothing  in  this  act  shall  be 
construed  to  modify  the  duties  or  increase  the  powers  of  the  State 
Board  of  Education  in  reference  to  the  schools  of  Baltimore  City. 


OP  MARYLAND.  93 

1872,  ch.  377. 

*  174.     Real  and  personal  estate  granted,  conveyed,  devised,  or 
bequeathed  for  the  use  of  any  particular  county  or  school  dis- 
trict shall  be  held  in  trust  by  the  board  of  county  school  com- 
missioners for  the  benefit  of  such  county  or  school  district,  and 
such  grants  and  bequests  shall  be  exempt  from  all  state  and 
county  taxes. 

1872,  ch.  377. 

*  175.     Moneys  invested  in  trust  for  the  benefit  of  the  public 
schools  of  any  county  or  city  shall  be  exempt  from  State,  county, 
or  local  tax. 

1918,  ch.  75. 

176-A.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  board  of  education  of  each 
and  every  county  in  the  State  of  Maryland,  and  of  the  Board  of 
Education  for  Baltimore  City,  in  the  State  of  Maryland,  to  cause 
to  have  displayed  a  flag  of  the  United  States  of  America  upon  every 
public  school  building  within  their  respective  jurisdictions  while 
said  schools  are  in  session,  and  to  that  end  shall  make  all  neces- 
sary purchase  of  flags,  staffs  and  appliances  therefor  and  estab- 
lish rules  and  regulations  for  the  proper  custody,  care,  and  display 
of  the  flag  in  said  schools ;  and  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  said  boards 
of  education  to  prepare  for  the  use  of  the  public  schools  of  the 
state  a  programme  providing  for  the  salute  to  the  flag,  and  such 
other  patriotic  exercises  from  time  to  time  as  may  be  deemed  by 
them  to  be  expedient,  and  under  such  regulations  and  instruction 
as  may  best  meet  the  various  requirements  of  the  different  grades 
in  such  schools ;  all  to  the  end  that  the  Jove  of  liberty  and  democ- 
racy, signified  in  the  devotion  of  all  true  and  patriotic  Americans 
to  their  flag  and  to  their  country,  shall  be  instilled  in  the  hearts 
and  minds  of  the  youth  of  America. 

MEDICAL    INSPECTION    OF    SCHOOL    CHILDREN. 
*  Chapter  165—1914. 

AN  ACT  to  provide  for  the  medical  examination  of  school  children 

and  the  promotion  of  their  health. 

Section  1.  Be  it  enacted  by  the  General  Assembly  of  Mary- 
land, That  the  board  of  county  school  commissioners  of  any  county 
in  the  State,  may,  in  its  discretion,  appoint  one  or  more  school 


94  PUBLIC    SCHOOL   LAWS 

physicians  and  assign  one  to  any  public  school  within*  the  limits 
of  such  county,  and  shall  provide  such  school  physicians,  when 
so  appointed,  with  proper  facilities  for  the  performance  of  their 
duties,  as  hereinafter  provided. 

Sec.  2.  And  be  it  enacted,  That  school  physicians  appointed 
as  outlined  in  section  1  shall  be  physicians  legally  qualified  to 
practice  medicine  in  this  State  who  have  had  at  least  two  years' 
experience  in  the  practice  of  their  profession. 

Sec.  3.  And  be  it  enacted,  That  every  school  physician  so 
appointed  shall  make  a  prompt  examination  of  all  children  re- 
ferred to  him,  as  hereinafter  provided,  and  such  further  examina- 
tion of  teachers,  janitors,  and  school  buildings,  as  in  his  opinion 
the  protection  of  the  health  of  the  pupils  may  require.  He  shall 
return  promptly  to  the  authorities  appointing  him,  on  blanks  fur- 
ished  as  hereinafter  provided,  the  results  of  his  examinations. 

Sec.  4.  And  be  it  enacted,  That  the  superintendent,  principal, 
or  teacher  of  any  school  to  which  a  school  physician  has  been 
assigned,  as  hereinafter  provided,  shall  refer  to  such  physician 
every  child  returning  to  school  without  a  permit  from  the  health 
officer  or  Board  of  Health,  after  absence  on  account  of  illness  or 
from  unknown  cause,  and  every  child  attending  such  school,  who 
appears  to  be  in  ill  health,  or  is  suspected  to  be  sick  with  any 
contagious  or  infectious  disease,  unless  such  child  is  immediately 
excluded  from  school,  under  the  provision  of  the  general  statutes 
or  the  sanitary  regulations  in  force  in  said  town  or  district ;  pro- 
vided, that  in  the  case  of  schools  in  remote  and  isolated  locations, 
the  school  authorities  may  make  such  other  arrangements  as  may 
be  advisable  to  carry  out  the  purposes  of  this  Act. 

Sec.  5.  And  be  it  enacted,  That  the  board  of  county  school 
commissioners  of  any  county,  which  has  appointed  one  or  more 
school  physicians,  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  this  Act, 
shall  cause  every  child  attending  the  public  schools  therein  to  be 
separately  and  carefully  tested  and  examined  at  least  once  in 
every  two  years  to  ascertain  whether  such  child  is  suffering  with 
defective  sight  or  hearing,  or  from  any  other  physical  disability 
tending  to  prevent  such  child  from  receiving  the  full  benefit  of 
school  work,  or  requiring  a  modification  of  such  school  work, 
in  order  to  prevent  injury  to  the  child,  or  to  secure  the  best  edu- 
cational results;  and  the  school  authorities  may  establish  special 


OF  MARYLAND.  95 

classes  for  these  defective  children,  and  may  employ  additional 
teachers  for  this  purpose. 

Sec.  6.  And  be  it  enacted,  That  notice  of  the  disease  and  de- 
fects, if  any,  from  which  any  child  is  found  by  such  school  physi- 
cian to  be  suffering,  shall  be  given  to  the  parent  or  guardian  of 
such  child  with  such  advice  relating  thereto  as  said  physician 
may  deem  advisable,  and  whenever  any  child  shows  symptoms  of 
any  contagious  or  infections  disease,  notice  shall  also  be  given  to 
the  health  officer  or  board  of  health,  and  such  child  may  be  ex- 
cluded from  attendance  at  such  school,  in  accordance  with  the 
provisions  of  the  general  statutes  or  the  sanitary  regulations  in 
force  in  the  town  or  district.  Visiting  nurses  may  also  be  em- 
ployed to  visit  the  parents  to  assist  in  securing  the  medical  atten- 
tion required. 

Sec.  7.  And  be  it  enacted,  That  the  school  physicians  shall  be 
paid  for  the  services  rendered,  such  amount  as  the  school  authori- 
ties shall  deem  proper  and  sufficient  under  the  particular  cir- 
cumstances, and  shall  pay  the  same  from  the  general  funds  in 
their  hands,  such  compensation  not  to  exceed  $2.00  per  hour 
actually  given  to  examination  in  the  schools. 

Sec.  8.  And  be  it  enacted,  That  the  State  Superintendent  of 
Public  Education  shall  prescribe,  after  consultation  with  the 
State  Board  of  Health,  the  directions  for  tests  of  sight  and  hear- 
ing, and  shall  prescribe  for  the  school  authorities  of  the  State 
suitable  rules  of  instruction,  test  cards,  blanks,  record  books,  and 
other  useful  appliances  for  carrying  out  the  purposes  of  this  Act. 

Sec.  9.  And  be  it  enacted,  That  no  person  suffering  from  any 
communicable  disease  shall  be  employed  as  teacher  or  janitor  in 
any  public  school  in  this  State.  At  the  opening  of  each  annual 
term  teachers  must  furnish  a  health  certificate  from  a  registered 
physician,  addressed  to  the  superintendent  of  schools,  certifying 
that  they  are  not  suffering  from  tuberculosis  or  other  communi- 
cable disease. 

Sec.  10.  And  be  it  enacted,  That  the  State  Board  of  Educa- 
tion shall  provide  for  pupils  in  the  normal  schools  suitable  in- 
struction and  practice  for  testing  the  sight  and  hearing  of  school 
children. 

Sec.  11.  And  be  it  enacted,  That  the  expenses  incurred  under 
the  provisions  of  this  Act  shall  be  paid  in  the  same  manner  as  the 
ordinary  expenses  for  the  support  of  schools  in  the  several  coun- 
ties of  the  state. 


96  <  PUBLIC    SCHOOL   LAWS 

MARYLAND  STATE  UNIVERSITY. 

*  Chapter  198—1914. 

Section  1.  Be  it  enacted  by  the  General  Assembly  of  Mary- 
land, That  a  seminary  of  learning,  by  the  name  of  the  "Mary- 
land State  University, ' '  be,  and  is  hereby,  created  and  established 
in  this  State;  that  Phillips  Lee  Goldsborough,  Governor  of  the 
State  of  Maryland;  Emerson  C.  Harrington,  Comptroller  of  the 
Treasury  of  the  State  of  Maryland;  M.  Bates  Stephens,  State 
Superintendent  of  Education;  Jesse  D.  Price,  Peter  J.  Campbell, 
William  W.  Beck,  Edward  M.  Hammond,  Arthur  P.  Gorman,  J. 
Frank  Harper,  Carville  D.  Benson,  James  McC.  Trippe,  Lloyd 
Wilkinson,  Andrew  J.  Cummings,  Roscoe  Jones,  James  A.  Mc- 
Quade,  James  A.  Dawkins,  David  J.  Mclntosh,  Jr.,  Noble  L. 
Mitchell,  Thomas  Fell,  Robert  Moss,  James  W.  Cain,  James 
Alfred  Pearce,  Thomas  H.  Lewis,  Joshua  W.  Miles,  James  Earle 
Maloy,  Randolph  Winslow,  Thomas  A.  Ashby,  Henry  Stockbridge, 
William  T.  Rawles,  Timothy  A.  Heatwole,  Philemon  H.  Tuck, 
Charles  Caspari,  Jr.,  Joseph  H.  Branham,  Frederick  Crowthers, 
William  F.  Lockwood,  John  W.  Chambers,  Omer  F.  Hershey, 
George  Moore  Brady,  J.  Walter  Engler,  Edward  C.  Bixler  and 
William  Milnes  Maloy,  their  associates  and  successors,  shall  be, 
and  are  hereby  constituted  and  declared  to  be  a  corporation 
and  body  politic  forever,  by  and  under  the  name  of  the  Maryland 
State  University,  and  as  such  shall  be  entitled  to  and  shall  pos- 
sess, use  and  enjoy  all  and  singular  the  general  powers  provided 
for  corporations  formed  under  the  general  incorporation  laws  of 
this  State  in  so  far  as  the  same  are  or  may  become  applicable  to 
such  an  educational  corporation  as  is  by  this  act  created;  and 
any  ten  or  more  of  the  above  incorporators  may  meet  and  accept 
this  charter  and  organize  hereunder,  provided  each  incorporator 
shall  have  been  given  at  least  three  days'  notice  of  said  meeting. 

Sec.  2.  And  be  it  further  enacted,  That  no  member  of  the 
governing  body  or  professor  or  lecturer,  instructor,  tutor  or 
student  of  said  University  shall  ever  be  required  to  hold  or  pro- 
fess any  particular  religious  belief  or  opinions  as  a  test  of  office 
or  for  admission  to  any  of  the  privileges,  honors,  or  degrees  of 
said  University. 


OF  MARYLAND.  97 

Sec.  3.  And  be  it  further  enacted,  That  the  governing  Board 
of  the  said  University  shall  be  its  Board  of  Regents,  which  shall 
consist  of  His  Excellency,  the  Governor  of  Maryland,  ex-officio ; 
the  Honorable  the  Comptroller  of  the  Treasury  of  Maryland,  ex- 
officio  ;  the  State  Superintendent  of  Education,  ex-officio ;  six  per- 
sons to  be  appointed  by  the  Governor  of  the  State  of  Maryland, 
none  of  whom  shall  be  connected  with  any  of  the  affiliated  in- 
stitutions of  the  University,  one  of  said  six  persons  being  from 
each  of  the  six  Congressional  Districts  of  the  State ;  two  of  which 
six  persons  shall  hold  office  for  a  term  of  two  years  from  the  first 
Monday,  in  May  next  succeeding  their  appointment  and  until 
their  successors  shall  qualify ;  two  of  which  six  persons  shall  hold 
office  for  a  term  of  four  years  from  the  first  Monday  in  May  next 
succeeding  their  appointment  and  until  their  successors  shall 
qualify;  two  of  which  six  persons  shall  hold  office  for  a  term  of 
six  years  from  the  first  Monday  in  May  next  succeeding  their 
appointment  and  until  their  successors  shall  qualify;  the  Gover- 
nor shall,  at  the  time  of  making  said  appointments,  designate 
the  term  of  years  of  each  of  said  six  persons  when  first  appointed 
under  this  charter;  the  term  of  office  of  said  six  members  after 
the  expiration  of  the  term  for  which  first  appointed,  shall  be  a 
term  of  six  years,  and  to  take  the  places  of  the  members  of  the 
said  Board  whose  terms  of  office  shall  so  expire,  the  Governor 
shall,  every  two  years,  after  1914,  before  the  first  Monday  in  May 
in  such  years,  appoint  two  persons  as  members  of  said  Board  of 
Regents  to  serve  for  terms  of  six  years  from  the  first  Monday  in 
May  next  succeeding  their  appointment  and  until  their  successors 
shall  qualify;  said  persons  shall  be  of  high  character,  integrity 
and  capacity;  in  case  of  a  vacancy  among  said  six  members  by 
death,  resignation,  disqualification  or  otherwise,  the  Governor 
shall  fill  such  vacancy ;  that  in  addition  to  the  above,  the  Board  of 
Regents  shall  consist  of  two  representatives  from  each  of  the 
institutions  affiliated  with  said  University,  which  affiliated  in- 
stitutions shall  be  entitled  to  change  such  representatives,  when- 
ever the  governing  body  of  such  affiliated  institution  shall  see- 
fit;  provided  that  such  changes  be  always  made -so  as  to  take- 
effect  on  the  first  Monday  in  May  in,  each  year ;  that  the  govern- 
ing body  of  any  institution  so  changing  its  representative  shall 
always  designate  whom  the  newly  appointed  representative  is  to* 


98  PUBLIC    SCHOOL    LAWS 

succeed ;  and  that  for  the  first  year  and  until  their  successors  shall 
have  been  chosen  and  shall  have  qualified  the  following  persons 
shall  be  the  representatives  on  the  Board  of  Regents  of  the  vari- 
ous affiliated  institutions  with  which  they  are  associated,  viz : 

James  Alfred  Pearce  and  James  W.  Cain,  representing  Wash- 
ington College; 

Robert  Moss  and  Thomas  Fell,  representing  St.  John's  College; 

Randolph  Winslow  and  Philemon  H.  Tuck,  representing  the 
University  of  Maryland ; 

Thomas  H.  Lewis  and  Joshua  W.  Miles,  representing  the  West- 
ern Maryland  College ; 

William  F.  Lockwood  and  John  W.  Chambers,  representing 
the  College  of  Physicians  and  Surgeons ; 

Joseph  H.  Branham  and  Frederick  Crowthers,  representing  the 
Maryland  Medical  College ; 

Edward  C.  Bixler  and  J.  Walter  Engler,  representing  Blue 
Ridge  College; 

Sec.  4.  And  be  it  further  enacted,  That  the  said  Board  of 
Regents  shall  elect  a  Provost  who  shall  be  the  executive  head  of 
the  University  and  who  shall  be,  ex-officio,  a  member  of  the 
Board  of  Regents ;  the  Governor  of  Maryland  shall  be,  ex-officio, 
Chairman  of  the  Board  of  Regents,  but  said  Board  shall  have 
power  to  choose  from  among  the  members  a  Vice-chairman  who 
shall  act  in  the  absence  of  the  Governor. 

Sec.  5.  And  be  it  further  enacted,  That  it  shall  be  lawful  for 
the  said  Maryland  State  University  to  enter  into  any  contract, 
articles  of  agreement  or  mutual  ordinances  or  statutes  with  any 
existing  or  hereafter  created  college,  university,  conservatory, 
institute,  technical,  professional,  military  or  agricultural  school, 
or  other  similar  institution,  and  to  affiliate  said  institution  with 
the  said  university  under  such  terms  as  may  to  the  respective 
governing  bodies  of  the  said  institution  and  of  the  said  Maryland 
State  University  seem  meet  and  proper;  it  shall  be  lawful  for 
the  said  Maryland  State  University  to  enter  into  any  contract, 
articles  of  agreement,  or  mutual  ordinances  or  statutes  with  any 
existing  or  hereafter  created  hospital,  infirmary,  laboratory,  home 
asylum,  or  similar  institution,  with  any  normal  school,  school  of 
pedagogy,  institute  of  art  and  design,  library,  or  other  institu- 
tion of  a  similar  character,  the  terms  of  contract  between  the 


OF  MARYLAND.  99 

said  Maryland  State  University  and  the  said  contracting  institu- 
tions to  be  such  as  the  governing  bodies  of  the  several  contract- 
ing institutions  may  deem  meet  and  proper;  provided,  always, 
that  the  terms  of  alliance  and  contract  be  not  repugnant  to  the 
form  of  government  or  to  the  laws  of  this  State ;  that  the  affilia- 
tion with  the  said  University  of  any  other  institution  shall  not  be 
held  to  deprive  such  institution  of  any  of  its  corporate  rights, 
privileges  or  franchises  under  its  charter  and  the  supplements 
thereto,  nor  in  any  way  injuriously  to  affect  or  impair  the  same, 
nor  vest  in  the  said  University  the  right  or  title  to  any  of  the 
property  of  any  such  other  institution. 

Sec.  6.  And  be  it  further  enacted,  That  it  shall  be  the  duty 
of  the  said  Board  of  Regents  to  provide  for  a  closer  relation  be- 
tween the  high  schools  of  the  state  and  the  colleges  affiliated 
under  this  charter,  and  also  between  the  said  colleges  and  pro- 
fessional schools  constituting  the  University. 

Sec.  7.  And  be  it  .further  enacted,  That  the  Maryland  State 
University  shall  have  power  to  pass  by-laws  for  its  own  govern- 
ment, to  name  its  own  officers  and  employes  and  fix  their  duties 
and  compensations,  and  shall  have  power  to  establish,  ordain, 
promulgate  and  publish  by-laws,  rules,  regulations,  and  ordi- 
nances, respecting  the  requirements  for  admission  and  gradua- 
tion ;  and  all  matters  that  are  susceptible  of  and  which  it  is  desir- 
able should  be  governed  by  general  regulations  shall  be  within 
the  province  of  the  Maryland  State  University. 

Sec.  8.  And  be  it  further  enacted,  That  it  shall  be  lawful  for 
the  said  University  to  receive,  and  it  is  hereby  empowered  to  re- 
ceive, by  gift,  grant,  bequest  or  devise,  or  by  Federal,  State  or 
municipal  appropriation,  land,  money,  property  or  other  things  of 
value  and  to  hold  or  expend  such  gifts,  grants,  bequests,  devises 
or  appropriations  of  money  or  property  for  the  purpose  to  fur- 
ther which  said  University  is  in  this  Act  created. 

Sec.  9.  And  be  it  further  enacted,  That  in  case  any  land, 
money,  property  or  other  thing  of  value  has  been  or  may  here- 
after be  given  for  any  specific  object  or  purpose  to  the  said  Uni- 
versity or  to  any  of  the  colleges,  schools,  or  other  institutions 
affiliated  with  it,  the  same  shall  be  treated  as  in  the  nature  of  a 
trust,  and  shall  not  be  used,  disposed  of,  or  diverted  to  any  pur- 
pose other  than  that  indicated  and  authorized  by  the  donor. 


100  PUBLIC    SCHOOL    LAWS 

Sec.  10.  And  be  it  further  enacted,  That  the  said  University 
shall  have  power  to  hold  convocations  of  the  faculties  of  the 
affiliated  institutions  and  other  learned  persons  for  the  discussion 
and  furtherance  of  education  and  the  special  matters  committed 
to  it;  to  hold  a  public  commencement  or  commencements  at  such 
times  and  places  as  it  may  ordain ;  and  upon  the  completion  of  the 
course  or  courses  of  study  in  any  department  of  said  University, 
in  accordance  with  the  conditions  and  requirements  thereof  for 
such  department,  and  upon  the  recommendation  of  the  appro- 
priate faculty,  the  University  shall  have  power  to  confer  the  cus- 
tomary and  appropriate  academic  degree ;  and  upon  the  diplomas 
of  any  of  its  affiliated  institutions  it  shall,  upon  the  application  of 
said  affiliated  institution,  impose  the  seal  of  the  University,  at- 
tested by  the  proper  officer  or  officers,  if  the  requirements  for  ad- 
missions and  graduation  shall  have  been  met;  that  by  a  three- 
fourth  vote  the  Board  of  Regents  may  confer  appropriate  degrees 
honoris  causa  for  eminent  achievements  in  letters,  science  or  for 
professional  attainments. 

Sec.  11.  And  be  it  further  enacted,  That  in  case  any  affiliated 
institutions  shall  at  any  time  in  the  estimation  of  the  Board  of 
Regents  fail  to  abide  by  and  perform  the  agreements  and  under- 
takings by  it  entered  into,  the  said  Board  of  Regents  may  with- 
hold its  seal  from  any  diploma  of  such  affiliated  institution,  and 
may  at  its  option  declare  the  agreement  of  affiliation  terminated 
at  the  close  of  the  next  scholastic  year;  provided,  that  the  affi- 
liated institution  shall  have  been  notified  in  writing  as  to  the  mat- 
ter in  respect  of  which  it  has  so  failed  to  keep  its  said  agreement 
and  shall  have  been  given  an  opportunity  to  present  its  defense 
thereto  to  the  said  Board  of  Regents  at  a  meeting  to  be  held  not 
later  than  30  days  nor  more  than  60  days  subsequent  to  such 
notice. 

Sec.  12.  And  be  it  further  enacted,  That  this  Act  shall  take 
effect  from  the  date  of  its  passage. 

Approved  April  16,  1914. 

OCEAN  CITY  EDUCATION  BUILDING. 

*  Chapter  227—1914. 

The  Ocean  City  education  building  and  equipment,  when  com- 
pleted and  accepted  by  said  Ocean  City  School  Building  Commis- 


OF  MARYLAND. 


101 


sion,  shall  thereafter  be  the  property  of  the  State  of  Maryland,  and 
from  the  first  day  of  September  to  the  first  day  of  June  in  each 
year  shall  be  under  the  supervision  and  control  of  the  Board  of 
County  School  Commissioners  of  Worcester  County  and  may  be 
used  by  the  said  County  School  Commissioners  of  Worcester 
County  without  rental  or  charge  for  a  public  school  at  Ocean  City 
as  a  part  of  the  public  school  system  of  said  County,  subject  to 
such  other  school  uses  during  said  period  as  the  State  Board  of 
Education  may  require  but  not  to  interfere  with  the  usual  or  or- 
derly conduct  of  the  said  County  Public  Schools  at  said  Ocean 
City ;  and  from  the  first  day  of  June  to  the  first  day  of  September 
in  each  year  shall  be  under  the  supervision  and  control  of  the  State 
Board  of  Education  for  such  summer  schools,  institutes,  associa- 
tions and  other  assemblages  of  public  school  teachers  or  other 
educational  or  public  purposes  as  may  be  permitted  or  approved 
by  State  Board  of  Education. 

SPECIAL  APPROPRIATION  FOR  TEACHERS. 

* 

1918,  ch.  252. 

1.  Each  teacher  regularly  employed  in  the  public  schools  of 
this  State  for  white   children,   during  the  1917-1918  scholastic 
year,  for  not  less  than  nine  months,  and  in  service  at  the  end  of 
said  scholastic  year,  whose  annual,  salary  is  less  than  $600.00, 
shall,  as  additional  compensation,  receive  from  the  State  one-half 
of  the  difference  between  such  annual  salary  and  the  sum  of 
$600.00,  provided  that  the  additional  compensation  so  to  be  paid 
by  the  State  shall  not  exceed  the  sum  of  $50.00  in  the  case  of 
any  such  teacher,  and  provided  that  any  such  te'acher  regularly 
employed  for  one  month  or  more  but  less  than  nine  months  and 
who  is  in  service  at  the  end  of  the  said  scholastic  year  shall 
receive   a  proportionate  part  of  said  additional  compensation; 
but  provided  further  that,  notwithstanding  anything  herein  con- 
tained to  the  contrary,  the  actual  amount  of  such  payments  shall 
be  subject  to  the  provisions  of  Section  4  of  this  Act;    and  the 
several  counties  of  this  State  and  the  City  of  Baltimore  are  hereby 
requested  (without,  however,  imposing  upon  them  any  legal  obli- 
gation so  to  do)  to  provide  for  the  payment  to  said  teachers  of  an 
amount  equal  to  the  amount  paid  by  the  State  under  this  Act. 

2.  Each  teacher  regularly  employed  in  the  public  schools  of 
this  State  for  colored  children,  during  the  scholastic  year  1917- 


102  PUBLIC    SCHOOL    LAWS 

1918,  for  not  less  than  seven  months,  and  in  the  service  at  the 
end  of  said  scholastic  year,  and  whose  annual  salary  is  less  than 
$600.00,  shall,  as  additional  compensation,  receive  from  the  State 
one-half  of  the  difference  between  such  annual  salary  and  the 
sum  of  $600.00,  provided  that  the  additional  compensation  so  to 
be  paid  by  the  State  shall  not  exceed  the  sum  of  $25.00  in  the 
case  of  any  such  teacher,  and  provided  that  any  such  teacher 
regularly  employed  for  one  month  or  more  but  less  than  seven 
months  and  who  is  in  service  at  the  end  of  said  scholastic  year 
shall  receive  a  proportionate  part  of  said  additional  compensa- 
tion ;  but  provided  further  that,  notwithstanding  anything  herein 
contained  to  the  contrary,  the  actual  amount  of  such  payments 
shall  be  subject  to' the  provisions  of  Section  4  of  this  Act;  and 
the  several  counties  of  this  State  and  the  City  of  Baltimore  are 
hereby  requested  (without,  however,  imposing  upon  them  any 
legal  obligation  so  to  do)  to  provide  for  the  payment  to  said 
teachers  of  an  amount  equal  to  the  amount  paid  by  the  State 
under  this  Act.  . 

3.  Immediately  upon  the  close  of  the  said  1917-1918  scholastic 
year,  the  several  county  superintendents  of  schools  and  the  Super- 
intendent of  Public  Instruction  of  Baltimore  City  shall  certify 
to  the  State  Superintendent  of  Schools  a  list  of  all  the  teachers, 
within  their  respective  jurisdictions,  mentioned  in  Sections  1  and 
2  of  this  Act,  together  with  the  salaries  paid  to  each  during  the 
said  scholastic  year  1917-1918.     Thereupon  the  State  Superinten- 
dent of  Schools  shall  certify  to  the  State  Comptroller  before  the 
15th  day  of  June,  1918,  the  total  amounts  due  by  the  State  under 
this  Act  to  the  said  teachers  in  each  county  of  the  State  and  in 
the  City  of  Baltimore ;  and  the  State  Comptroller  shall  thereupon 
draw  his  warrant  upon  the  State  Treasurer  for  said  respective 
amounts,  and  the  State  Treasurer  shall  thereupon  pay  the  same, 
respectively,  to  the  treasurer  of  the  county  board  of  education  in 
each  county  and  to  the  treasurer  of  the  Board  of  School  Commis- 
sioners in  Baltimore  City,  who  in  turn  shall,  respectively,  pay  the 
amounts  by  this  Act  provided  to  the  teachers  entitled  to  the  same 
in  their  respective  jurisdictions. 

4.  If  the  aggregate  amount  payable  by  the  State,  upon  the  basis 
specified  in  Sections  1  and  2  of  this  Act,  shall  exceed  the  sum  of 
$150,000  appropriated  by  Section  4,  item  22  of  the  Budget  Bill 


OF  MARYLAND.  103 

(which  said  appropriation  is  intended  to  be  for  the  purpose  of 
this  Act)  then  the  amounts  payable  by  the  State  to  the  teachers  as 
aforesaid  shall,  respectively,  be  proportionately  reduced,  and  if 
on  the  other  hand  the  aggregate  amount  so  payable  by  the  State 
shall  be  less  than  the  said  sum  of  $150,000,  then  the  difference 
between  said  aggregate  amount  and  the  said  sum  of  $150,000 
shall  be  paid  by  the  State  to  and  among  the  teachers,  of  the  quali- 
fications above  specified,  receiving  higher  salaries  than  those 
hereinbefore  mentioned,  in  the  order  of  the  amount  of  such 
salaries,  and  in  the  proportions  and  manner  specified;  all  to  the 
end  that  the  aggregate  amount  paid  by  the  State  shall  in  any 
event  be  not  more  or  less  than  the  said  sum  of  $150,000  appro- 
priated for  the  purpose. 

REPEAL  OF  ACADEMIC  APPROPRIATIONS. 

Chapter  377—1916. 

AN  ACT  to  repeal  joint  resolution  No.  34  of  the  legislative  session 
of  1831,  joint  resolution  No.  1  of  the  legislative  session  of  1832, 
joint  resolution  No.  52  of  the  legislative  session  of  1811,  joint 
resolution  No.  84  of  the  legislative  session  of  1834,  joint  reso- 
lution No.  72  of  the  legislative  session  of  1835,  joint  resolution 
No.  35  of  the  legislative  session  of  1839,  Chapter  107  of  the 
acts  of  1798,  Chapter  204  of  the  acts  of  1835,  Chapter  35  of  the 
acts  of  1840,  Chapter  281  of  the  acts  of  1846,  Chapter  105  of 
the  acts  of  1854,  Chapter  268  of  the  acts  of  1856,  Chapters  201 
and  310  of  the  acts  of  1858,  Chapter  128  of  the  acts  of  1864, 
Chapter  160  of  the  acts  of  1865,  Chapters  183  and  434  of  the 
acts  of  1868,  Chapters  88,  78,  242  and  419  of  the  acts  of  1870, 
Chapter  176  of  the  acts  of  1874,  Chapter  339  of  the  acts  of  1878, 
Chapter  429  of  the  acts  of  1882,  Chapters  279,  299  and  481  of 
the  acts  of  1890,  and  Chapter  430  of  the  acts  of  1906 ;  the  same 
being  designed  to  repeal  all  continuing  appropriations  to  col- 
leges, academies  and  schools  included  in  what  is  commonly 
known  as  the  "Academic  Fund." 

Section  1.  Be  it  enacted  by  the  General  Assembly  of  Maryland, 
That  joint  resolution  No.  34  of  the  legislative  session  of  1831.  joint 
resolution  No.  1  of  the  legislative  session  of  1832,  joint  resolution 
No.  52  of  the  legislative  session  of  1811,  joint  resolution  No.  84  of 


104  PUBLIC    SCHOOL    LAWS    OF  MARYLAND. 

the  legislative  session  of  1834,  joint  resolution  No.  72  of  the  legis- 
lative session  of  1835,  joint  resolution  No.  35  of  the  legislative  ses- 
sion of  1839,  Chapter  107  of  the  acts  of  1793,  Chapter  204  of  the 
acts  of  1835,  Chapter  35  of  the  acts  of  1840,  Chapter  281  of  the 
acts  of  1846,  Chapter  105  of  the  acts  of  1854,  Chapter  268  of  the 
acts  of  1856,  Chapters  201  and  310  of  the  acts  of  1858,  Chapter  128 
of  the  acts  of  1864,  Chapter  160  of  the  acts  of  1865,  Chapters  183 
and  434  of  the  acts  of  1868,  Chapters  88,  72,  242  and  419  of  the  acts 
of  1870,  Chapter  176  of  the  acts  of  1874,  Chapter  339  of  the  acts 
of  1878,  Chapter  429  of  the  acts  of  1882,  Chapters  279,  299  and  481 
of  the  acts  of  1890,  Chapter  430  of  the  acts  of  1906 ;  be,  and  the 
same  are  hereby  repealed  in  so  far  as  they  provide  appropriations 
from  the  Treasury  of  the  State  of  Maryland. 

Sec.  2.     Be  it  further  enacted,  That  this  act  shall  take  effect 
June  1,  1916. 


CHAPTER  SUBJECTS 


PAGE 

Article           VIII— Constitution  of  1867,  Education 5 

Article   LXX VII— Code   of    Public   General   Laws    1912,   Public   Educa- 
tion, and  subsequent  amendments 5-93 

Chapter     1    — Control  and   Supervision 6 

Chapter    2   — Formation  of  Boards 6 

Chapter    3   —The  State  Board  of  Education 9 

Chapter    3 A— The  State  Superintendent  of  Schools 14 

Chapter    4   — County  Board  of  Education 19 

Chapter    4A — The  County  Superintendent  of  Schools 28 

Chapter    5   —The  District  Board  of  School  Trustees 36 

Chapter     7   —Schools 41 

Chapter    8   — Teachers'  Certificates,  Salaries  and  Pensions 43 

Chapter    9— Pupils    56 

Chapter  10   —Text  Books  and  School  Supplies 59 

Chapter  12   —The  State  Normal  Schools 61 

Chapter  13   —Teachers'  Institutes '. 64 

Chapter  14   — Teachers'  Associations ^ 66 

Chapter  15   — District  Libraries 66 

Chapter  16   —The  City  of  Baltimore 71 

Chapter  17   —High    Schools ' 73 

Chapter  18   —Schools  for  Colored  Children 78 

Chapter  19   — Source  and  Distribution  of  Income 79 

Chapter  20   —Colored  Industrial  Schools : .  82 

Farmers'  Institutes 84 

Chapter  21    —School  Attendance 85 

Miscellaneous    92 

ACTS  OF  ASSEMBLY  NOT  CODIFIED. 

Ch.  165,  Acts  1914 — Medical  Inspection  of  School  Children 93 

Ch.  227,  Acts  1914— Ocean  City  Education  Building 100 

Ch.  377,  Acts  1916— Repeal  of  Academic  Appropriations 103 

Ch.  269.  Acts  of  1918— Physical  Education   57 

Ch.     72,  Acts  of  1918— Vocational    Education    58 


INDEX 


A. 

SECTION     PAGE 

Academic  appropriations,  repeal  of ch.  377              103 

Age  of  pupils 43,  63         41,  56 

Age  of  teachers 55(10) 

Agriculture,  teaching  of 126 

Alcoholic  drinks,  effects  on  human  system 45           '    41 

Alcoholic  drinks  and  narcotics,  duty  of  school  officials  to  en- 
force    46               41 

Annual  meeting  of  County  Board  of  Education 22                19 

Annual  meeting  of  State  Board  of  Education 8 

Annual  school  report,  preparation  of 21C 

Appeal  to  State  Superintendent  of  Schools 72B 

Appeal,  teachers'  right  to 25 J 

Appointment  of — 

Assistant  State  Superintendent  of   Schools 21 

Attendance  Officers 156               86 

County  Board  of  Education 6 

County  Superintendent  of  Schools 72 

District  Board  of  School  Trustees 

State  Board  of  Education 5                 6 

State  Superintendent  of  Schools 18,  21          14, 17 

Supervisor  of  Colored  Schools,  State 21 A  (4)       18 

Supervisor  of  Colored  Schools,  County 144 

Supervisor  of  Rural  Schools,  State 21 A (3)       18 

Supervisor  of  High  Schools,  State 21 A  (2)       18 

Supervisor  of  Physical  Education 2,  3 

Supervisors,  county,  white   '. By-law  21  73(1)    32,34 

Supervisors,   county,   colored    By-law  45  144 

Supervisors,    County 73  ( 1 )          32 

Teachers 25J             23 

Appointments  of  superintendents  and  assistants,  report  of  by 

state    superintendent    By-law  22 

Apportionment  of  general  school  fund 138 

Appropriations  for— 

Approved  high  schools Note. 

Colored  industrial  work Note. 

Colored  industrial  work  and  supervision 144 

District  libraries 99               66 

Free  text-books  and  materials  of  instruction Note. 

Frostburg  Normal  School .' Note. 

Maryland  State  Normal  School Note. 

Maryland  Normal  and  Industrial  School Note. 

Printing  annual  report Note. 

Public  schools,  departments  and  activities  of Note. 

Retired  teachers Note. 

Schools,  1919  and  1920 Note. 

Special  for  teachers  for  1917-1918 1-4              101 

State  Board  of  Education,  expenses Note. 

State  Department  of  Education Note. 

Text-books,  apportionment 71                60 

Approval  of  plans  and  contracts  for  school  buildings 20                16 

Arbor  Day 52               42 


INDEX.  iii 

SECTION  PAGE 

Assistant  State  Superintendent  of  Schools,  duties  of 21 A  (1)       17 

Appointment  of 21  17 

Assistant  Superintendents,  certification  of 55 (2)  45 

Assistant  teachers,  number  of  pupils  required  for 47  42 

Associations,    teachers' ch.       14  66 

Attendance,  compulsory — 

Absence,  when  lawful    Bv-law      46  90 

Ages  of,  Baltimore  City 153  85 

Ages  of,  Counties  By-law  47  162  89,  91 

By  whom  excused 162  89 

Deaf  and  blind  children     168-172  91,  92 

Duty  of  head  teacher  to  report  absence 160  88 

Officers  for  enforcement _ 156  86 

Punishment  for  violation     154,  155,  162  86,89 

Punishment  for  violation,  general  provisions 161 A  89 

When   excused 153,  162  85, 89 

Attendance  officer 73 (2)  33 

Attendance  officers — 

Appointment   of By-law21     73(2),  156    33,34,86 

Duties  of   By-law  21,  23  157  34,  87 

May  visit  establishments  where  minors  are  employed 161  88 

Qualifications  of   By-law      21  34 

Audit  of  accounts,  county 27  27 

B. 

Baltimore  City ch.       16  71 

Board  of  School  Commissioners  of 121  71 

School  census  of * 159  88 

Basis  for  classification  of  certificates 58  52 

Bequests  for  schools 174  93 

Board  of  School  Commissioners  of  Baltimore  City 121  71 

Duties  and  powers  of 122  72 

Report  to  State  Board  of  Education 28,  122  27,72 

Bond  of  County  Superintendent  of  Schools 78  35 

Books,  text ch.       10 

Budget,  annual  school,  county 26  25 

Budget,  annual  school,  State 17B  13 

Buildings,  school — approval  of  plans 20  16 

Bulletin  on  examination  and  certification  of  teachers 54  44 

C. 

Census  of  school  children 159  88 

Certificate — 

Advancing  grade  of 

Second  to  first By-law      32 

Third  to  second By-law      33  50 

Age  of  applicant  for 55  ( 10) 

Administration   and   supervision 55(1) 

Elementary  school  teacher's,  first  grade 55(8)  48 

Elementary  school  teacher's,  second  grade 55(9) 

Elementary  school  teacher's,  third  grade 55  ( 10)  50 

Elementary  school  teacher's,  courses  in  education  for 

By-law      31  47 

Elementary  school  principal's 55  (7) 

Elementary  school  supervision 55(2)  45 

High  schoolacademic  teacher's By-law  29      55(5)  46 

High   school  principal's 55(4)  45 


IV  INDEX. 

SECTION     PAGE 

High  school  special  teacher's 55(6)         48 

High  school  teacher's,  college  courses  in  education  for 

By-law  30,  31          46,47 
Second    grade,    examination     and    professional     training 

required   55(9) 

Supervision,   special 55 (3) 

Third     grade,     examination     and     professional     training 

required   55(10)       50 

Certificates — 

Classification  of 58               52 

Provisional     55(11)         51 

Renewal  of,  State 55(1) 

Renewal  of,  county 53               43 

Records  of 57 

Revocation  of 56               51 

To  be  granted 55 

Validity  of  existing  county 53                43 

Certification  of  supervisory  officers  and  teachers 53                43 

Certification  of  teachers 20A             16 

A  State  function  after  September  30,  1916 ....  54               44 

State  Board  of  Education  to  prescribe  rules  and  regulations  12D 

Classification  of  certificates 58 

Clerks,  State  Department  of  Education 21 A (5)       18 

Clerk,  statistical  and  stenographic,  county '. 73(3)          34 

Colleges  and  universities,  approved  list  of - 15A 

Colored  industrial  schools ch.  20 

Appropriation  for 144               83 

Control  and  management  of 144 

Division  of  appropriation 144 

Establishment  of .- 142               82 

Inspection  of 143 

List  of  to  Comptroller 143 

Maintenance   of 142 

Number  of  schools  required  for  full  appropriation 145                84 

Colored  schools ch.  18               78 

Age  of  pupils  131 

Length  of  term - 131 

Salaries  of  teachers  of : 132A 

Subject  to  all  provisions  of  school  laws 132 

Trustees    of "132  78 

Compulsory  attendance ch.  21 

Condemnation  for  school  sites 25E 

Conferences  of  school  officials 19B              16 

Consolidation    of    schools 25H 

Constitution  of  1867,  provisions  of,  for  public  schools 

Control  and  supervision,  general ^ ch. 

County  Board  of  Education ch.  4 

Annual  meeting  of -. 22 

Appointment    of 6 

Body  politic  and  corporate 

Causes  for   removal 25G 

Expenses  of  members • 22 

General  control  and  supervision 25B 

Minutes  of  proceedings    By-law  8 

Number  of  members  in  different  counties 6 

Organization    of 22                19 

Qualifications  of  members. . . -. 6                  7 


INDEX. 


SECTION  PAGE 

Regular  meetings 22  19 

Relation   established 3  6 

Removal  of  members. 6  7 

Rules  for  government  of   By-law        7  19 

Seal  of 23  19 

Special    meetings 22  19 

Term  of  members 6  7 

Vacancies,  how  filled 6  7 

County  Board  of  Education,  duties  or  powers  of — 

Act  for  District  Board  of  School  Trustees. 7  9 

Appoint  teachers  and  fix  salaries 25J  23 

Athletic  and  exhibit  day,  held  annually By-law  28  43 

Audit  accounts , 27  27 

Buy,  sell,  rent,  repair  or  construct  school  buildings 25C  21 

Cause  American  flag  to  be  displayed 176A  93 

Condemn  for  school  sites 25E  22 

Consolidate  schools 25H  23 

Determine  qualifications,  salary  and  tenure  of  professional 

and  clerical  assistants 73  32 

Determine  educational  policies  for  county 25 A  20 

Divide  county  into  school  districts • 25C  21 

Employ  architects 25C  21 

Enforce  laws  and  by-laws 25 A  20 

Establish  colored  schools 131  78 

Grade  and  standardize  schools 25L  24 

Have  school  census  taken 25M  24 

Hold  title  of  school  property 24 

Maintain  schools  jointly  on  or  near  boundary  line 25F  22 

Maintain  uniform  and  effective  school  system 24  20 

Obtain  title  before  building 25D  21 

Prepare  county  school  budget \ 26 

Prescribe  and  distribute  county  course  of  study 25K  24 

Prescribe  rules  and  regulations 25 A  20 

Promote  interest  of  schools 25B  21 

Provide  and  equip  office 74 

Provide  transportation  for  professional  assistants 74 

Provide  waterclosets  or  outhouses 25G  22 

Purchase  text-books  and  other  supplies  and  equipment. . . .  25L  24 

Report  to  State  Board  of  Education 28 

Suspend    or   dismiss    teachers 25J  23 

County  Commissioners,  required  to  levy  school  tax 26  25 

County  course  of  study 25K  24 

County  school  report,  distribution  of 29  27 

County  Superintendent  of  Schools ch.        4A  28 

Appointment    of 72 

Approval  of  appointment 72  28 

Bond  of 78  35 

Certificate  of ' ' 72  28 

Certification  of 55(1)  44 

Executive,   secretary   and -treasurer  of   County  Board  of 

Education    25 

Office  hours  of , ...By-law  17 

Removal  of 

Salary  of 72 

Term  of  office  of f 72  28 

Vacancy,  how  filled 72 


VI  INDEX. 

SECTION     PAGE 

County  Superintendent  of  Schools,  duties  or  powers  of — 

Administer  oaths  and  examine  witnesses..... 72B             29 

Administer  office 73               32 

Aid  in  organization  of  teachers' associations 97               66 

Assist  with  examination  of  teachers 54               44 

Attend  meetings  of  County  Board  of  Education 25               20 

Authority  to  grant  use  of  school  plant  for  certain  purposes,  1-3                39 

Cause  examination  of  pupils  to  be  held By-law  20                21 

Classify  teachers'  certificates 58               52 

Conduct  correspondence  and  prepare  all  reports 77               35 

Conduct    examinations 72D            30 

Decide  controversies  and  disputes 72B             29 

Deposit  funds  as  treasurer  to  secure  interest  on  daily  bal- 

I                  ances 78A             36 

Direct  taking  of  school  census 75 

Execute  laws,  by-laws  and  educational  policies 72A             29 

Grade  and  standardize  schools 72H            31 

Interpret  laws  and  by-laws 72B             29 

Issue  provisional  certificates 72D,  55(11)  30,  51 

Nominate  professional  and  clerical  assistants 73                32 

Nominate  teachers  for  appointment,  recommend  for  pro- 
motion or  dismissal,  assign  to  positions,  transfer  or 

suspend  for  cause 72E            30 

Organize  institutes  and  reading  centers 72F             31 

Prepare  courses  of  study 721              32 

Prepare  lists  of  books,  supplies  and  equipment 72J 

Prepare  school  budget 76               35 

Recommend  repairs,  purchase  of  grounds,  sites  and  build- 
ings and  employment  of  architect,  prepare  plans  and 
specifications,  supervise  construction  and  approve  con- 
tracts    72C  30 

Visit  schools,  advise  teachers,  counsel  trustees 72G 

Visiting  schools,  time  devoted  to By-law  19 

Course  of  study.,  county  721,  25K       32,  24 

Course  of  study,  State,  State  Board  of  Education  to  prescribe, 

print  and  distribute 12C             1 1 

Courses  (college)  in  education  for  high  school  teachers 

By-law  30,  31          46,  47 

Courses  in  education  for  elementary  school  teachers. .  .By-law  31 

Courses  of  study,  preparation  of 20B             17 

D. 
Degrees — 

Consent  of  State  Board  of  Education  required  to  issue 12B 

Requirements    for 12B 

Designation   of   schools 42 

District  Board  of  School  Trustees ch.  5                36 

Annual    meeting. '. 31                36 

Appointment    of 

Attend  annual  exhibition  of  school  work. By-law  27 

Authority  to  grant  use  of  school  plant  for  certain  pur- 
poses   34,  34A,B,C  39,  40 

County  Board  of  Education  to  act  for 7 

Chairman  of,  receipt  for  school  keys By-law  26 

Encourage    school    libraries    and    improvement   of    school 

buildings   and   grounds By-law  42                66 

General  care  of  school  property 31 A             38 


INDEX. 


Make  minor  repairs 

Meetings  By-law  24,  25 

Neglect  of  duty,  or  refusal  to  act By-law 

Number  of  members 

Oath  of  office  not  required  of By-law 

Organization    of ^ 

Qualification  of  members 

Regular  meetings 

Relation  established 

Removal  of  members 

Right  to  expel  or  suspend  pupils 

Sanitary  condition   of   outhouses 

Secretary  of 

Term  of  members 

Vacancies,  how  filled 

Visit  schools,  advise  teachers,  develop  sentiment  in  support 

of  schools 31, 

Diplomas,  degrees,  certificates,  recognition  as  license  to  teach. 
District  libraries .- ch. 

Appropriation  for 

List  of  books  for 

Selection  of  books ,-. 

Dismissal  or  suspension  of  teachers . . ...  Jl 

Disturbing  public  school,  punishment  for 

Donations  or  bequests  to  normal  schools 

Duties  of  Assistant  State  Superintendent  of  Schools 

Duties  of  County  Board  of  Education ch. 

Duties  of  County  Superintendent  of  Schools ch. 

Duties  of  State  Board  of  Education ch. 

Duties  of  State  Superintendent  of  Schools ch. 

Duties  of  Supervisor  of  High  Schools 

Duties  of  Supervisor  of  Rural  Schools 

Duties  of  Supervisor  of  Colored  Schools 


SECTION     PAGE 
31A  38 

31    36,37,38 


1 

7 
1 

31 
7 

31 
4 
7 

64 

32 

31 

7 

7 


9 
9 
9 

36 
9 

36 

6 

9 

56 

38 

36 

9 

9 


31B 

36,38 

54 

44 

15 

66 

99 

66 

99 

66 

99 

66 

25J 

23 

51 

42 

89 

64 

21A(1) 

17 

4 

19 

4A 

28 

3 

9 

3A 

14 

21A(2) 

18 

21A(3) 

18 

21A(4)       18 


E. 

Education,  general  control  and  supervision  of ch.         1  6 

Provisions  of  Constitution  for 

Educational    investigations 17A  13 

Elementary  teachers,  certification  of 55(7,8,9,10)  48,  49,  50 

Entrance  requirements,  normal  schools 85  63 

Examinations  for  certificates 54  44 

Exhibitions  of  school  work 49  42 

Experts,   employment  of 17A  13 

Expulsion  or  suspension  of  pupils 64  56 


F. 

Farmers'  Institute — 

Appropriation    for 151 

Department  of  Agricultural  College 150 

Director   of 150 

Place  and  frequency  of 149 

Purpose  of 148 

Report  of  expenditures 152 

Fine  for  disturbing  a  school 51  42 

First  grade  teacher's  certificate 55(8)          48 


Vlll  INDEX. 

SECTION     PAGE 

Fiscal  year,  end  of 52               42 

Flag,  American  to  be  displayed  upon  public  school  buildings..  176A             93 

Formation    of    boards ch.  2                  6 

County  Board  of  Education  '.  . . .  6                  7 

District   Board   of   School   Trustees 7 

State  Board  of  Education 5                 6 

Free   books ch.  10               59 

Frostburg  Normal  School ch.  12               61 

G. 

General  control  and  supervision  of  education ch.  1                 6 

General  state  school  fund — 

Apportionment  of 138                81 

Basis   of   Apportionment 138                81 

Comptroller  to  withhold  payment 139                82 

Creation  of 133                79 

Dates   of   payment : 139 

Equalization  of  payments   139                82 

Insolvencies  and   abatements 140 

Items  charged  against 133                79 

Items  for  1919  and  1920 ' Note. 

No  special  appropriations  from 133 

State  superintendent  of  schools  to  certify  amounts  due. . . .  137               80 

Grades   of   certificates 55  (8,  9,  10)     48,  49,  50 

H. 

Health  certificates  of  teachers  and  janitors ch.  165               93 

High    schools ch.  17 

Admission  of  graduates  of,  to  colleges 129 

By-laws  for  control  of 130 

Certificates  and  diplomas  of 129                78 

Control  of 125 

Courses  of  instruction 126                73 

Establishment  of '125 

First  group,  defined 126               73 

Groups  of  126.  138          73,  81 

Inspection    of 127               76 

List  of  entitled  to  state  aid 127               76 

Minimum  salaries  of  teachers 126                73 

Number  of  in  same  town  or  city 127                76 

Preparation  of  courses  of  study 130 

Promotion  and  graduation  of  pupils 126 

Second  group,  defined   ' By-law  44  126          73.  76 

Special  teachers,  defined 128                77 

State  aid  for 129 

State  board  of  education  to  approve  use  of  term 12B 

Third  group,  defined  138                81 

Training  course  for  teachers 126A             76 

High  school  academic  teachers,  certification  of 55(5)          46 

High  school  course  in  normal  schools 86                63 

High  school  principal,  certification  of 55  (4) 

High  .school  special  teacher,  certification  of 55  (6)          48 

Holidays,  school 52                42 


INDEX.  ix 

I. 


SECTION     PAGE 

Industrial  schools,  colored ch.  20  82 

] nstitutes,  farmers   148,  152          84,  85 

Institutes,    teachers' ch.       13  64 

Institutes  and  reading  centers 72F  31 

J. 

Joint  institutes 92  64 

Joint  support  of  schools  near  boundary  line 25F  22 

0 

L. 

Length  of  school  term 43,  131          41,  78 

Legislative  committees  to  give  hearings 17D  14 

Libraries    ch.      15  66 

Library  Commission — 

Appropriation    for 104  67 

Organization  of 101  67 

Personnel  of 100  66 

Report   of 102  67 

Traveling    libraries 103  67 

Libraries,   county    106,  1 19          67,  71 

Baltimore  county  exempt  from  provisions  of  law 120  71 

Directors  of 110  68 

Directors,  organization,  duties  and  powers  of 112  69 

Directors,  vacancies Ill  69 

Establishment  of 106  67 

Funds   separate.. 113  70 

Gifts  and  donations  to 117  71 

List  of  suitable  books  for By-law  41  99  66 

Mutilation  of  property 115  70 

Municipalities    109  68 

Petition   for 108  68 

Property  exempt  from  taxation 119  71 

Report  to  County  Commissioners 116  70 

Reading  room  of 114  70 

School  trustees  help  raise  funds  for By-law  42  66 

State   publication 118  71 

Tax  for 107  68 

M. 

Maryland   Day 52  42 

Maryland  State  University,  act  creating ch.  198  96 

Materials  of  instruction 68  59 

Mayor  and  City  Council  of  Baltimore  City — 

Authority  concerning  schools 121,  123          71,  72 

Levy  taxes  for  schools 124 

Medical  examination  of  teachers,  pupils  and  janitors ch.  165 

Medical  inspection  in  schools ch.  165  93 

Medical  inspectors 73  (4)         34 

Memorial   Day 52  42 

Minimum  salary  of  county  superintendent  of  schools 72 

Minimum  salaries  of  teachers...... : 60  53 


X  INDEX. 

N. 

SECTION     PAGE 

Narcotics,  effect  on  human  system 45  41 

Normal  Schools — 

Appropriations  paid  quarterly 88  63 

Both  sexes  admitted 83  61 

Control    of 12E  12 

Domestic  art  and  science  course 85  63 

Donations  or  bequests  to 89  64 

Entrance  requirements 85  63 

Financial  report 88  63 

General  supervision  and  control  of 83  61 

High  school  course  in . . . .» 86  63 

Manual  training  course 85  63 

Minimum  length  of  session 83  61 

Number  and  location  of 82  61 

Principal  of 84  62 

Principal  to  be  head,  responsible  for  administration  and 

supervision  of 84  62 

Principal  to  prepare  courses,  initiate  policies 84  62 

Principal  to  report  to  state  superintendent  of  schools 84  62 

Professional  course 85  63 

Students  who  obligate  themselves  to  teach,  free.  .By-law  38  87  63 

Students,  pay '.  87  63 

Summer  session  of  By-law  37  83          61, 62 

Trustees    of ' 82  61 

Nurses,  school 73(4)  34 

O. 

Oaths,    administration    of 19,  72B        15, 29 

Ocean  City  Education  Building,  control  and  maintenance  of  .ch.  227              100 

Organization  of — 

County  board  of  education 22  19 

District  board  of  school  trustees 31  36 

State  board  of  education 8,  10            9, 10 

Outhouses 25G  22 

P. 

Parental  schools 158  87 

Pensions,   teachers' 62 

Perjury,  witnesses  guilty  of 19,  72B        15,  29 

Physical   education    1-3 

Plans  for  one-room  school  buildings By-law  5  16 

Primary  grade  supervisor — 

Appointment  of 73  32 

Qualifications   of 73(1) 

Principal  teacher,  secretary  of  district  board  of  school  trustees  31  36 

Provisional    certificates 55(11)  51 

By  whom  issued 72D  30 

Principal  of  normal  schools — 

Election  of 84  62 

Qualifications   of 84  62 

Publication  of  educational  pamphlets 19B  16 

Pupils   ch.  9  56 

Admission  to  school..  63  56 


INDEX. 


XI 


SECTION  PAGE 

Age  of 43,  63  41,  56 

Corporal  punishment  of By-law  36  56 

Examination  of,  semi-annually By-law  20  31 

Medical   examination ch.  165  93 

Right  to  attend  nearest  school 65  56 

Suspension  or  expulsion  of 64  56 

Transportation   of 25H  23 

Vaccination    of 66  57 


Q. 

Qualifications  of — 

Members  of  county  board  of  education 

Members  of  district  board  of  school  trustees, 

Members  of  state  board  of  education , 

Normal  school  principals , 

State  superintendent  of  schools 


6 

7 
5 

84 
18 


7 
9 
6 

62 
14 


R. 

Reading  circle,  management  of 

Removal  of — 

County  superintendent  of  schools 

Members  of  county  board  of  education 

Members  of  district  board  of  school  trustees 

Members  of  state  board  of  education 

State  superintendent  of  schools 

Teachers  

Reports— 

Annual  school,  state 17C, 

Board  of  school  commissioners  of  Baltimore  city 

County,  to  people  of 

County  board  of  education 

Principals  of  normal  schools 

Private  educational  institutions 

Record  and  report  blanks 

Records  of  teachers'  certificates  and  preparation 

Renewal  of  certificates 

Renewal  of  county  certificates 

Revocation  of  certificates 


95 


65 


72 

28 

6 

7 

7 

9 

5 

6 

18 

14 

25J 

23 

21C 

14,19 

28 

27 

77 

35 

28 

27 

84 

62 

17 

13 

13 

12 

57 

51 

55 

44 

53 

43 

56 

51 

ch. 


Salaries — 

County  superintendents  of  schools 

Part  paid  by  state 

Teachers,   white    

Teachers,   colored    

Teachers,  paid  monthly ' 

School    attendance 

School  budget,  county  superintendent  take  initiative 

County  board  of  education  prepare 

School  buildings,  approval  of  plans 

School  buildings,  plans  for  one-room By-law 

School  census — 

Baltimore  City 

County  board  of  education  to  cause 

County  superintendent  of  schools  to  direct 


72 
73 
60 

132A 
59 
21 
76 
26 
20 
5 

159 
25M 

75 


28 
32 

53 
78 
53 
85 
35 
25 
16 
16 


24 

35 


Xll  INDEX. 

SECTION  PAGE 

Rules,  blanks,  ages 12F  12 

State  superintendent  to  direct 21B  18 

School  districts,  how  formed 25C  21 

School  funds,  state  superintendent  of  schools  to  withhold 19A  15 

School  holidays  52 

School  house    districts,    formation 35  40 

School    officials,    conferences    of 19B  16 

School  property,  donation  of,  title  to 25D 

School  pupils,   age  of 43,  63  41,  56 

School  sites,  purchase  or  sale  of 25C  21 

School  tax,  county,  minimum,  for  what  levied 26  25 

School  terms '. 52  42 

Length  of 43  41 

School  work,  exhibition  of 49  42 

School  year,  divided  into  terms 52  42 

Schools   ch.  7  41 

Closing  of  for  lack  of  attendance 48  42 

Consolidation  of 25H  23 

Designation  of 42  41 

For  colored  children ch.  18  78 

Length  of  daily  session 50  42 

Near  boundary  lines 25F  22 

Seal  of  county  board  of  education 23  19 

Second  grade  teacher's  certificate 55(9)  49 

Sessions,  daily,  length  of 50  42 

Secretary  and  treasurer  of  county  board  of  education 78 

Sources  and  distribution  of  income ch.  19  79 

Standard  colleges  and  universities,  list  of By-law  4  13 

Standardization  of   schools,  county 25L,  72H  24,  31 

State  Board  of  Education ' ch. 

Annual  meeting  of 8 

Appointment  of 5  6 

Expenses  of  members 10  10 

General  control  and  supervision 12  11 

Location  of  offices  of By-law  2  10 

Number  of  members 5  6 

c   Organization  of 8,  10  9,  10 

Qualification  of  members 6 

Regular  meetings 8 

Relation   established 2  6 

Removal  of  members 5  6 

Special  meetings 8 

Term  of  members 5  6 

Treasurer   of By-law  3  10 

Vacancies,  how  filled 5  6 

State  Board  of.  Education,  duties  or  powers  of — 

Control  normal  schools 12E 

Determine   educational   policies 11 

Determine  qualifications,  tenure  and  compensation  of  em- 
ployers in  State  Department  of  Education 21 

Direct  and  develop  public  sentiment  for  education 12  11 

Enact   by-laws 

Enforce  school  laws 11  10 

Fix   standards   for   approval   and   publish   list   of   colleges 

and    universities 15A 

General  duties 17E 

Institute  legal   proceedings 11  10 


INDEX.  Xlll 

SECTION     PAGE 

Investigate  educational  needs  of  state 17A             13 

Prepare  bills  making  changes  in  appropriations 17B 

Prepare  bills  making  needed  changes  in  school  laws 17D 

Prepare  state  public  school  budget 17B             13 

Prescribe,  print  and  distribute  courses  of  study 12C             11 

Prescribe  record  and  report  blanks 13                12 

Prescribe  requirements  for  issuing  diplomas  and  degrees. .  12B             11 

Prescribe  rules  and  regulations  for  certification  of  teachers  12D             12 
Prescribe  rules  and  regulations  for  construction  of  school 

buildings 12A             11 

Prescribe  rules  and  regulations  for  grading  and  standard- 
izing schools 12B             11 

Prescribe  rules  and  regulations  for  taking  school  census..  12F             12 

Require  private  educational  institutions  to  report 17                13 

Submit  school  report  to  Governor 17C             14 

State  certification  of  teachers 53               43 

State  Department  of  Education 21                17 

Clerks   in 21  A(S)       18 

Location  of  offices  of By-law  2 

Professional   assistants   in By-law  6  21 A        17,  18 

Relation  established '   2                 6 

State  normal  schools •.  ch.  12               61 

State  superintendent  of  schools ch.  3  A             14 

Appointment  of 18                14 

Chief  executive,  secretary  and  treasurer  of  State  Board 

of  Education 10               10 

Qualifications  of 18                14 

Removal  of 18               14 

Salary,  how  fixed 18                14 

Vacancy,  how  filled. 18               .14 

State  superintendent  of  schools,  duties  or  powers  of — 

Advise  county   superintendent  of   schools  of  unemployed 

teachers   57               51 

Administer  oaths  and  examine  witnesses 19 

Approve  appointment  of  county  superintendent  of  schools  72 

Approve  appointment  of  county  school  officials 73               32 

Approve  formation  of  new  school  districts 35                40 

Approve  plans  for  buildings  and  contracts  for  their  con- 
struction      20                16 

Approve  purchase  or  sale  of  school  property. 20                16 

Attend  meetings  of  State  Board  of  Education _ 10                10 

Call  and  conduct  conferences  of  school  officials,  supervisors 

and   teachers 19B             16 

Certificate  teachers 20A             16 

Certify  quarterly  amounts  due  City  of  Baltimore  and  the 

several  counties  from  General  School  Fund -137 

Decide  controversies  and  disputes 19 

Direct  taking  of  school  census 21B 

Enforce  laws  and  by-laws , 

Examine  accounts  of  County  Boards  of  Education 

Execute  educational  policies 19B             16 

Fix  dates  of  teachers'  institutes 93                 65 

Furnish  additional  facilities  for  instruction 20C 

General  duties 21D. 

Hear   appeals 25J 

Inspect  colored  industrial  schools 143 

Inspect  high  schools 127                76 


XIV  INDEX. 

SECTION     PAGE 

Interpret  school  laws  and  by-laws 19                15 

Keep  records  of  academic  and  professional  preparation  of 

teachers  57               51 

Nominate  employes  of  State  Department  of  Education...  21 

Pass  on  applications  for  teachers'  pensions 62 

Prepare  annual  school  report  and  other  reports 21C             19 

Prepare  courses  of  study 20B             17 

Prescribe  rules  and  blanks  for  medical  inspection 8               95 

Publish  educational  pamphlets  or  bulletins 19B             16 

Withhold  school  funds 19A             15 

State  Teachers'  Association,  body  politic 95               65 

State  Teachers'  Reading  Circle 95               65 

State  University,  Maryland,  act  creating ch.  198               96 

Stationery  and  school  supplies 68                59 

Subjects  to  be  taught 44               41 

Summer  schools,  approval  of 92               64 

Part  payment  of  teachers'  expenses  to By-law  39  92          64,  65 

Summer  sessions  of  normal  school 83                61 

Supervisor  of  colored  schools,  county 144 

Supervisor  of  colored  schools,  state 21                17 

Appointment   of 21                17 

Duties    of. 21A(4)       18 

Supervisor  of  high  schools — 

Appointment  of 21                17 

Duties  of : 21A(2)       18 

Supervisor  of  rural  schools — 

Appointment  of 21                17 

Duties  of 21A(4)       18 

Supervisors,  special,  certification  of 55  (3)         45 

Supervisors — 

Appointment  of,   white    By-law  21  73(1)    32,34 

Appointment  of,  colored   By-law  45  144          83,  84 

Assignment   of    By-law  19  144          31,83 

Certification  of  By-law  45  55(2)    45,84 

System  of  free  public  schools  required 1                  5 

T. 

Tax,  county  school 26               25 

Tax  exemption 174,  175 

Teachers — 

Age  of 55(10)       50 

Appointment  of 25 J 

Assignment  to  positions 72E 

Contract   with    By-law  13 

Dismissal  or  suspension  of 25J 

Duty  to  have  school  rooms  sanitary  and  comfortable 

By-law  34(2) 

Examination  of 72D            30 

Holding  highest  certificates  to  be  appointed  first 

How  organize  and  conduct  schools By-law  34(3) 

Know  by-laws  and  regulations By-law  10 

Medical  examination  mandatory 9 

Nomination  for  appointment 72E             30 

Oath  of  office By-law  34(1)          52 

Promotion  of 72E 

Register  of  pupils  • By-law  34(5)          52 


INDEX.  XV 

SECTION  PAGE 

Salaries,   white    60  53 

Salaries,   colored    132A  78 

Sickness  of  By-law  34(7)  52 

Substitutes  for By-law  34(6)  52 

Use  of  intoxicants  or  tobacco By-law  34(4)  52 

Transfer  of 72E  30 

Teachers'  Associations ch.  14  66 

County  superintendent  of  schools,  to  encourage 97  66 

District,  county  and  state 96  66 

May  occupy  school  houses 98  66 

Teachers'  certificates,  salaries  and  pensions ch.  8  43 

Teachers'  Institutes — 

Instructors    94  65 

Joint   92  64 

Place,  by  whom  fixed 93  65 

Recognized  in  renewing  certificates By-law  40(2)  65 

Summer  school,  in  lieu  of 92  64 

Teachers  required  to  attend By-law  40(3)  93  65 

When  held  and  length  of By-law 40(1)  92  64,65 

Teachers'  pensions 62  55 

Teachers'  retired  list By-law  35  62  55,  56 

Teachers'  salaries,  white  60  53 

Teachers'  salaries,  colored 132A  78 

Teachers'  training  course  in  high  schools 126A  76 

When  paid 59  53 

Term  of  members  of  county  boar  dof  education 6 

Term  of  county  superintendent  of  schools 72 

Term  of  members  of  district  boards  of  cchool  trustees 7  9 

Term  of  members  of  state  board  of  education 5  6 

Term  of  state  superintendent  of  schools 18  14 

Text-books  ch.  10  59 

Adoption  of 68 

Appropriation  to  be  spent  for  no  other  purpose 70  60 

Character  of 67 

Competitive  bidding  for  purchase  of 68  59 

Delivery  and  care  of 69  60 

Free  of  cost 68 

How  often  changed 68  59 

Purchase  of 68  59 

Report  to  state  superintendent  of  schools 70  60 

Separate  account  of  funds  for 70  60 

Text-book  appropriation — 

Basis  of  apportionment 71  60 

Date  of 71  60 

When  paid • 71  60 

Text-books,    materials    of    instruction,    stationery,    etc.,    pur- 
chase of ; 251 

Text-books  and  school  supplies ch.  10 

Third  grade  teachers'  certificate 55(10)       50 

Title  to  school  property,  where  vested 24 

Training  course,  teachers',  in  high  schools 126A  76 

Transportation  of  pupils 25H 

Traveling  expenses  of  superintendents  and  supervisors 74 

Trustees  of  normal  schools 82  61 

U. 

Use  of  school  plant ,. 34,  34A,  34B,  34C  39. 40 

Use  of  terms  and  titles 173  92 


XVI  INDEX 

V. 

SECTION     PAGE 
Vacancies — 

County  Board  of  Education 6                 7 

District  Board  of  School  Trustees .... 7                 9 

State  Board  of  Education 5                 6 

Vacation    months 52               42 

Vaccination  of  pupils 66 

Vocational  education    1-5 

W. 

Washington's  Birthday,  observance  of 52               42 


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